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EVALUACIÓN DE LA INTERACCIÓN ENTRE LAS ACTIVIDADES PRIORITARIAS DE PESCA Y CONSERVACIÓN EN EL SISTEMA SOCIOAMBIENTAL DEL GOLFO DE ULLOA. ESTUDIO DE CASO: Caretta caretta y Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758)

JEHIEL ZACIL RETANA ARELLANO (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

"El Golfo de Ulloa (GU) es un ecosistema de gran importancia socioeconómica y ecológica por su abundancia de recursos; se encuentra localizado en la costa occidental de Baja California Sur (BCS) bajo la influencia de la Corriente de California (CC). Debido a las artes de pesca empleadas en la zona, existe la interacción incidental con especies que no son el objetivo de la pesca, tal es el caso de las tortugas marinas, todas ellas sujetas a protección especial en la legislación nacional e internacional, sin embargo, a la fecha se desconoce una medición puntual de estas interacciones en el área; al respecto, en el presente trabajo se caracterizaron y dimensionaron las interacciones entre la actividad pesquera realizada con chinchorros y dos especies de tortugas marinas en la zona; para ello se consideró la información obtenida durante el censo pesquero de 2015 así como también la base de datos con información de avistamientos e interacciones de tortugas marinas con las actividades extractivas de la pesca realizada de junio 2015 a julio de 2016. Sobre la base de la información analizada, se registraron 5,661 chinchorros, de los cuales, el 95 % cumple con las medidas autorizadas en los permisos de pesca correspondientes. Por su parte, se registraron 458 avistamientos de tortugas marinas, de los cuales, el 56 % correspondió a tortuga amarilla y el resto a tortuga verde. Las interacciones de las tortugas con los sitios activos de pesca se categorizaron como: (1) viva sin enredo; (2) muerta sin enredo; (3) viva con enredo; y (4) muerta con enredo. Considerando ambas especies y estas categorías, para el periodo analizado, se observaron 85 registros, de los cuales, seis correspondieron a la categoría 1; cinco en la categoría 2; 42 en la categoría 3; y 32 en la categoría 4. Se determinó que la tortuga verde presentó mayor interacción (68.23 %) con respecto a la tortuga amarilla, con registros máximos en junio para ambas especies. Sobre estos registros, se creó un índice de interacción de artes de pesca y las tortugas marinas (IIAT), con el cual, se observó que el área de alto riesgo y daño dentro de la ZRP es muy reducida (<1 % del área total). Adicionalmente, a través de un análisis de probabilidad de Poisson se determinó que es considerablemente más probable (≈30 %) observar una tortuga viva y sin enredo que en cualesquiera de las otras tres categorías para las que se calculó una probabilidad máxima de observación de ≈12 % por cada cuadrante de 10 x 10 km..."

"The Gulf of Ulloa (GU) is an ecosystem of significant socioeconomic and ecological importance due to its abundance of resources. It is located on the western coast of Baja California Sur (BCS) and is influenced by the California Current (CC). Due to the fishing methods used in the area, there is bycatch with species that are not the target of fishing, such as sea turtles, all of which are subject to special protection under national and international legislation. However, there has been no specific measurement of these interactions in the area. In this study, the interactions between fishing activities using seine nets and two species of sea turtles in the area were characterized and quantified. The information obtained during the 2015 census and the database containing information on sea turtle sightings and interactions with fishing activities from June 2015 to July 2016 was considered. Based on the analyzed information, 5,661 seine nets were recorded, of which 95 % complied with the authorized measures in the corresponding fishing permits. Additionally, 458 sea turtle sightings were recorded, with 56 % corresponding to yellow turtles and the rest to green turtles. The interactions of turtles with active fishing sites were categorized as: (1) alive without entanglement; (2) dead without entanglement; (3) alive with entanglement; and (4) dead with entanglement. Considering both species and these categories, 85 records were observed during the analyzed period, of which six corresponded to category 1, five to category 2, 42 to category 3, and 32 to category 4. It was determined that the green turtle had a higher interaction rate (68.23 %) compared to the yellow turtle, with peak records in June for both species. Based on these records, an index of interaction between fishing gear and sea turtles (IIAT) was created. It was observed that the area of high risk and damage within the ZRP (Fishery Refuge Area) is very small (<1 % of the total area). Additionally, a Poisson probability analysis determined that it is considerably more likely (≈30 %) to observe an alive without entanglement turtle than in any of the other three categories, for which the maximum observation probability was ≈12 % for each 10 x 10 km quadrant..."

tortuga marina, captura incidental, pesca y conservación, refugio pesquero Sea turtle, bycatch, fishing and conservation, Fishery Refuge Area CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE PROTECCIÓN DE LOS PECES PROTECCIÓN DE LOS PECES

Variación espacio-temporal del ensamblaje de peces criptobentónicos y conspicuos en dos áreas naturales protegidas, Bahía de los Ángeles y Huatulco

Spatial and temporal variation of the assemblage of cryptobenthic and conspicuous reef fish in two protected natural areas, Bahía delos Ángeles and Huatulco

Rodrigo Daniel Chiriboga Ortega (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

Los peces arrecifales desempeñan roles ecológicos muy importantes manteniendo la salud de los arrecifes siendo limpiadores, recicladores de materia orgánica y además fuente de alimento entre eslabones de la cadena trófica. El presente trabajo busca describir el ensamblaje de peces arrecifales crípticos y conspicuos, y evaluar los patrones espaciales y temporales del ensamblaje de peces arrecifales en Bahía de Los Ángeles, Baja California (BLA) y el Parque Nacional Huatulco (PNH), Oaxaca. Utilizamos dos métodos de muestreo censos visuales y estaciones cerradas. Para evaluar a los peces conspicuos, se realizaron censos visuales empleando transectos de banda de 20x4 m. Para cuantificar la biodiversidad de peces crípticos, se realizaron estaciones cerradas (0.4 m2 ) en donde se utilizó aceite de clavo como anestésico para recolectar los peces arrecifales criptobentónicos (PACr). Las dos metodologías se realizaron en dos gradientes de profundidad (somero; < 5 m y profundo; > 5 m) y en dos estaciones (cálida y fría). Se realizaron curvas de acumulación de especies y un análisis del número efectivo de especies para describir la riqueza y diversidad de cada zona de estudio. Finalmente, para determinar patrones espacio temporales se realizaron análisis nMDS, PERMANOVAS y SIMPER. La riqueza total fue de 43 especies para BLA y 62 para el PNH representando el 80% y 79% del promedio de los estimadores no paramétricos respectivamente. Se aumentó el número de especies registradas a 94 para BLA y 209 para el PNH utilizando las estaciones cerradas. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre estaciones y profundidad en el ensamblaje de PACs de BLA, pero no para los PACr. En el PNH se observaron diferencias significativas para la riqueza y abundancia de los PACr y variación temporal de la biomasa de los PACs. En conclusión se demostró que el uso de métodos de muestreo complementarios mejora la calidad de los inventarios de especies y permite detectar variaciones espacio temporales en la estructura de la comunidad íctica.

Reef fishes perform important ecological roles in maintaining reef health by cleaning and recycling organic material, and by providing a source of food between trophic linkages. The thesis describes cryptic and conspicuous reef fish assemblages and estimates their spatial and temporal patterns of in two sites, Bahía de Los Ángeles (BLA) in the state of Baja California and Huatulco National Park (PNH), in the state of Oaxaca. We used two sampling methods: visual census using SCUBA (band transects of 4x20m) for conspicuous reef fish (PAC) and enclosed stations (0.4 m2) using clove oil to anesthetize and collect the cryptobenthic reef fish (PACr). Sampling was conducted at two depth strata (shallow; < 5 m and deep; > 5m) and during two seasons (warm and cold). We used species accumulation curves and analysis of effective number of species to describe the richness and diversity of reef fish. Finally, nMDS, PERMANOVAS and SIMPER were performed to determine spatial and temporal patterns. The total species richness was 43 species for BLA and 62 species for the PNH, representing 80% and 79%, respectively, of the average of the non-parametric estimators. The number of species increased to 94 for BLA and 209 for PNH using enclosed stations. Significant differences between seasons and depth strata were found for the PACs assemblage at the BLA site, but not for the PACr assemblage. At the PNH site, significant differences were found for the richness and abundance of the PACr assemblage for depth as well as for the seasonal variation of the biomass of the PACs assemblage. In conclusion we demonstrated that the use of complementary sampling methods improves the quality of species inventories and allows for the detection of both spatial and temporal variations in the structure of the reef fish community.

diversidad, peces arrecifales, criptobentónico, biomasa, espacio-temporal biodiversity, reef fishes, cryptobenthic, biomass, spatial-temporal CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES

Recent advances on research of native prawn Macrobrachium americanum (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) with aquaculture and conservation purposes

Yuneisy Milagro Agüero Fernández MIRIAM VICTORIA MARTIN MANZO MARITZA LOURDES SOBERANES YEPIZ Marcelo Ulises García Guerrero Yuniel Méndez Martínez Luis Hector Hernandez Hernandez Laura S López Greco Edilmar Cortés Jacinto (2022, [Artículo])

"Where good management practices on aquaculture are mandatory. The economic and ecological importance of prawns of the Genus Macrobrachium cause an impact at a global level involving economic, academic and social aspects. Macrobrachium americanum appears as one of the genus species with high nutritional value and an economic demand in the national and international markets, as well as a vital income for fisherman and producers of this species. For researchers, it is a challenge to find solutions to culture and propose conservation measures for M. americanum with emphasis on development, nutrition and reproduction. Although there are scientific studies supporting the economic importance of this species, our knowledge about its cultivation, reproduction and conservation is limited. This paper summarizes the latest studies made in cooperation with M. americanum in research lead by the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Mexico. After several years of continuous research, it is considered that those efforts have produced useful information for the sustainable exploitation, conservation and basic management practices of this species."

Freshwater ecosystem, growth rate, native prawn species, conservation, sustainable fishing BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Estimación de los flujos de materia y energía en la Reserva de Bahía de los Ángeles, Canales de Ballenas y de Salsipuedes, mediante un modelo de balance de masas

Estimation of the flows of matter and energy in Bahía de los Ángeles, Canales de Ballenas y de Salsipuedes Reserve, using a mass balance model

Ana Lilia Perea Rojas (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

La Reserva de la Biósfera de Bahía de Los Ángeles, Canales de Ballenas y de Salsipuedes (RB-BLACS) es un área natural protegida que provee de distintos servicios ambientales a los pobladores de la comunidad de Bahía de Los Ángeles. Tiene una gran importancia ecológica por la diversidad de especies que habitan en ella y para las especies migratorias que la utilizan, algunas de las cuales se encuentran enlistadas dentro de la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2001. Con objeto de estimar el efecto de la pesca sobre el ecosistema se construyó un modelo de balance de masas empleando Ecopath con Ecosim. Mediante una revisión documental, se definieron 32 grupos funcionales (GF) y se construyó una matriz de dietas. El modelo se parametrizó con los valores de biomasa (B), relación producción/biomasa (P/B) y se obtuvieron los valores de eficiencia ecotrófica (EE) y relación producción/consumo (P/Q). El rendimiento total del sistema (TST) fue de 13,689 t/km2/año. El nivel trófico de la captura de 3.48 y la producción neta del sistema de 4,641 t/km2/año. La matriz de impactos tróficos mixtos muestra que los grupos que sufren mayor impacto negativo por los Tiburones son los Odontocetos, Misticetos y Tortugas. Se simularon los cambios en la biomasa relativa de los GF bajo escenarios de incremento y decremento del esfuerzo pesquero (5 y 10%) y no pesca, en un lapso de 10 años. Se encontró que los cambios en el esfuerzo pesquero de Elasmobranquios y los Peces de escama son los que mayor efecto tienen sobre otros GF. Resalta que suspender la pesca tendría poco efecto, tanto positivo como negativo (2-3%) sobre la biomasa relativa de los GF, excepto Tiburones y rayas, que incrementarían 245 y 124%, respectivamente. Este modelo podría utilizarse para la toma de decisiones en el manejo y conservación del ecosistema.

The Biosphere Reserve of Bahía de Los Ángeles, Canales de Ballenas y de Salsipuedes (RB-BLACS) is a natural protected area that provides different environmental services to the residents of the community of Bahía de Los Ángeles. It has great ecological importance due to the diversity of species that inhabit it and the migratory species that use it, some of which are listed within NOM-059- SEMARNAT-2001. To estimate the effect of fishing on the ecosystem, a mass balance model was built using Ecopath with Ecosim. Through a documentary review, 32 functional groups (GF) were defined, and a diet matrix was constructed. The model was parameterized with the values of biomass (B), production/biomass ratio (P/B) and the values of ecotrophic efficiency (EE) and production/consumption ratio (P/Q) were obtained. The total system throughput (TST) was 13,689 t/km2/year. The trophic level of the capture is 3.48 and the net production of the system is 4,641 t/km2/year. The matrix of mixed trophic impacts shows that the groups that suffer the greatest negative impact from Sharks are Odontocetes, Mysticetes and Turtles. Changes in the relative biomass of GF were simulated under scenarios of increase and decrease in fishing effort (5 and 10%) and no fishing, over a period of 10 years. It was found that changes in the fishing effort of Elasmobranchs and Finfish have the greatest effect on other GFs. It highlights that suspending fishing would have little effect, both positive and negative (2-3%) on the relative biomass of GFs, except for sharks and rays, which would increase 245 and 124%, respectively. This model could be used for decision making in the management and conservation of the ecosystem.

Ecopath con Ecosim, socio-ecosistema, Golfo de California, pesquerías, conservación Ecopath with Ecosim, socio-ecosystem, Gulf of California, fisheries, conservation BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES DE LA BIOLOGÍA OTRAS OTRAS

PROPUESTA DE MANEJO DE LA PESQUERÍA EMERGENTE DE MERLUZA DEL PACÍFICO NORTE Merluccius productus EN EL GOLFO DE ULLOA, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR

PABLO MORA ZAMACONA (2023, [Tesis de doctorado])

"La merluza del Pacífico Merluccius productus se distribuye desde Alaska hasta el sur de México, con una población particular descrita al sur de la península de Baja California conocida como merluza enana, de la que poco se sabe. Dicha población actualmente no es pescada comercialmente, por lo que representa un recurso con potencial de explotación. Las pesquerías potenciales y emergentes crean desafíos y oportunidades para los administradores pesqueros que necesitan tomar decisiones sobre cómo gestionar de forma sostenible una pesquería previa a su inicio. Este trabajo propone y analiza posibles medidas alternativas de gestión pesquera para esta potencial pesquería, bajo incertidumbre biológica y de mercado. Debido al desconocimiento de diversos aspectos de la biología del recurso primeramente se analizó el crecimiento individual del stock y posteriormente se realizó un análisis bioeconómico de la potencial pesquería.

Para el análisis del crecimiento individual se utilizó un total de 240 otolitos y datos de longitud patrón de 932 especímenes muestreados de mayo a diciembre de 2015. La formación anual de incrementos en los otolitos se verificó mediante la relación de incremento marginal y el análisis de borde. La edad se estimó a partir de recuentos de anillos en secciones sagitales de otolitos y el crecimiento se analizó mediante un enfoque de inferencia multimodelo. Se consideraron los modelos de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy (VBGM), VBGM generalizado, Gompertz, Logístico y Johnson, los cuales se ajustaron a conjuntos de datos de talla a la edad observados y retrocalculados agrupados por sexo. Según el criterio de información de Akaike, el VBGM generalizado fue el más apropiado para las hembras (L∞= 31.36 cm, k= 0.15 cm año-1), mientras que el VBGM proporcionó el mejor ajuste para los machos (L∞= 25.35 cm, k= 0.28 cm año-1).

El análisis bioeconómico de alternativas de manejo para una potencial pesquería de merluza enana indicó que una nueva pesquería de dicho stock podría ser biológicamente sostenible y económicamente rentable, bajo un conjunto de estrategias de gestión y reglas de control. Se recomienda un acceso limitado con bajo esfuerzo pesquero ya que resulta más redituable por barco y biológicamente precautorio, considerando la alta incertidumbre asociada con la explotación de una población virgen..."

"The Pacific hake Merluccius productus is distributed from Alaska to southern Mexico, with a particular population described south of the Baja California peninsula known as dwarf hake, about which little is known. This population is not currently commercially fished; hence it represents a resource with potential for exploitation. Potential and emerging fisheries create challenges and opportunities for fishery managers who need to make decisions about how to sustainably manage a fishery prior to its initiation. This work proposes and analyzes possible alternative fishery management measures for this potential fishery, under biological and market uncertainty. Due to the lack of knowledge of various aspects of the biology of the resource, the individual growth of the stock was first analyzed and subsequently a bioeconomic analysis of the potential fishery was carried out.

A total of 240 otoliths and standard-length data from 932 specimens sampled from May to December 2015 were used for the analysis of individual growth. The annual formation of otolith increments was verified using the marginal increment analysis and the edge analysis. Age was estimated from annuli counts in sagittal sections of otoliths and growth was analyzed using a multi-model inference approach. The von Bertalanffy growth models (VBGM), generalized VBGM, Gompertz, Logistic and Johnson growth models were considered, which were fitted to observed and back calculated length-at-age data sets grouped by sex. According to Akaike's information criterion, the generalized VBGM was the most appropriate for females (L∞= 31.36 cm, k= 0.15 cm year-1), while the VBGM provided the best fit for males (L∞= 25.35 cm, k= 0.28 cm year-1).

The bioeconomic analysis of management alternatives for a potential dwarf hake fishery indicated that a new fishery for said stock could be biologically sustainable and economically profitable, under a set of management strategies and control rules. Limited access with low fishing effort is recommended as it is more profitable by boat and biologically precautionary, considering the high uncertainty associated with the exploitation of an unfished stock. Despite the combination of high fishing costs and low prices, the fishery could still be profitable in the long term, although there is risk of overexploitation if high fishing effort is allowed..."

Merluza enana, stock no explotado, crecimiento individual, análisis bioeconómico, pesquería potencial Dwarf hake, unexploited stock, individual growth, bioeconomic analysis, potential fishery CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE REGLAMENTACIÓN Y CONTROL REGLAMENTACIÓN Y CONTROL

Gamma-diversity partitioning of gobiid fishes (Teleostei: Gobiidae) ensemble along of Eastern Tropical Pacific: Biological inventory, latitudinal variation and species turnover

OMAR VALENCIA MENDEZ (2018, [Artículo])

Gobies are the most diverse marine fish family. Here, we analysed the gamma-diversity (γ-diversity) partitioning of gobiid fishes to evaluate the additive and multiplicative components of α and β-diversity, species replacement and species loss and gain, at four spatial scales: sample units, ecoregions, provinces and realms. The richness of gobies from the realm Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) is represented by 87 species. Along latitudinal and longitudinal gradients, we found that the γ-diversity is explained by the β-diversity at both spatial scales, ecoregions and provinces. At the ecoregion scale, species are diverse in the north (Cortezian ecoregion) and south (Panama Bight ecoregion) and between insular and coastal ecoregions. At the province scale, we found that the species turnover between the warm temperate Northeast Pacific (WTNP), Tropical East Pacific (TEaP) and the Galapagos Islands (Gala) was high, and the species nestedness was low. At the ecoregion scale, historical factors, and phylogenetic factors have influenced the hotspots of gobiid fish biodiversity, particularly in the Cortezian, Panama Bight and Cocos Island ecoregions, where species turnover is high across both latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. At the provincial level, we found that the contributions of the β-diversity from north to south, in the WTNP, TEaP and Gala were high, as result of the high number of unique species. Species turnover was also high at this scale, with a low contribution from species nestedness that was probably due to the low species/gene flow within the provinces. These results highlight the importance and successful inclusion of a cryptobenthic fish component in ecological and biogeographical studies. © 2018 Valencia-Méndez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article, biodiversity, biogeographic region, biogeography, gene flow, goby fish, nonhuman, phylogeny, species distribution, species diversity, taxonomic identification, teleost, animal, animal dispersal, fish, Pacific Ocean, phylogeography, Animal Di CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE

Do marine reserves increase prey for California sea lions and Pacific harbor seals?

ALEJANDRO ARIAS DEL RAZO (2019, [Artículo])

Community marine reserves are geographical areas closed to fishing activities, implemented and enforced by the same fishermen that fish around them. Their main objective is to recover commercial stocks of fish and invertebrates. While marine reserves have proven successful in many parts of the world, their success near important marine predator colonies, such as the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and the Pacific harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardii), is yet to be analyzed. In response to the concerns expressed by local fishermen about the impact of the presence of pinnipeds on their communities’ marine reserves, we conducted underwater surveys around four islands in the Pacific west of the Baja California Peninsula: two without reserves (Todos Santos and San Roque); one with a recently established reserve (San Jeronimo); and, a fourth with reserves established eight years ago (Natividad). All these islands are subject to similar rates of exploitation by fishing cooperatives with exclusive rights. We estimated fish biomass and biodiversity in the seas around the islands, applying filters for potential California sea lion and harbor seal prey using known species from the literature. Generalized linear mixed models revealed that the age of the reserve has a significant positive effect on fish biomass, while the site (inside or outside of the reserve) did not, with a similar result found for the biomass of the prey of the California sea lion. Fish biodiversity was also higher around Natividad Island, while invertebrate biodiversity was higher around San Roque. These findings indicate that marine reserves increase overall fish diversity and biomass, despite the presence of top predators, even increasing the numbers of their potential prey. Community marine reserves may help to improve the resilience of marine mammals to climate-driven phenomena and maintain a healthy marine ecosystem for the benefit of both pinnipeds and fishermen. © 2019 Arias-Del-Razo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article, biodiversity, biomass, climate change, ecosystem resilience, environmental exploitation, fish stock, fishing, marine environment, marine invertebrate, nonhuman, Phoca vitulina, Pinnipedia, prey searching, Zalophus californianus, animal, biom BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA)

Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844) a Pacific fat sleeper, but skinny in research: a scientometric study

MARTIN ALONSO ARECHIGA PALOMERA KAREN NOEMI NIEVES RODRIGUEZ OLIMPIA CHONG CARRILLO Héctor Gerardo Nolasco Soria Emyr Saúl Peña Marín Carlos Alfonso Alvarez_González DAVID JULIAN PALMA CANCINO RAFAEL MARTINEZ GARCIA DANIEL BADILLO ZAPATA FERNANDO VEGA VILLASANTE (2022, [Artículo])

"In order to provide information on the current knowledge about the native fish Dormitator latifrons and identify the gaps that must be filled to achieve correct resource management, a scientometric study was carried out using different scientific databases. A total of 103 publications were registered between the years 1972 and 2021. Results indicate that the species has been addressed since 2001 with less than one publication per year, with 2008 being the year with the highest number of publications (10). The main topics addressed were ecology, physiology, and parasitology of fish. The available knowledge generated about the species is concentrated in 68 journals, with Mexico as the most productive country, followed by USA and Ecuador, and the most productive research centers about this fish were Mexico’s Instituto Politécnico Nacional and Universidad de Guadalajara. A total of 285 authors were detected contributing knowledge to the species, with Violante-González in the top with ten publications. The co-authorship co-occurrence maps suggest there is no solid collaborative relationship between the scientific community and that the information generated is insufficient for conserving and exploiting this fish. It is essential to increase the study of thematic areas that allow their comprehensive management in the medium term; topics like reproduction in captivity, aquaculture, and nutrition must be addressed in the future to assure a sustainable use of this resource."

Dormitator latifrons, native fish, amphidromous, worldwide database, regional database, cooccurrence map CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES

Hyperiid amphipods from the Gulf of Ulloa and offshore region, Baja California: The possible role of the gelatinous zooplankton as a transport vector into the coastal shelf waters

Bertha Lavaniegos (2020, [Artículo])

Hyperiid amphipod species from the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California, and the adjacent region (from the shelf break to 200 km offshore) were analyzed to evaluate diversity and abundances. This productive area supports small-scale commercial fisheries, including sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer), California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), abalones, clams, and others. Strong coastal upwelling events were observed during summer seasons of the period 2002-2008 between Punta Eugenia and Punta Abreojos. The upwelling plumes at Punta Abreojos are transported southward in slope waters bordering the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, contributing to the separation of coastal and oceanic regions, and explain differences in amphipod diversity and abundances between both regions. In the offshore region, the most abundant species were Vibilia armata, Lestrigonus schizogeneios, Primno brevidens, and Eupronoe minuta, similar to previous findings in northern regions of Baja California and southern California. However, abundances of these species were lower (10-30 individuals/1000 m3), only reaching 20-50% of abundance levels reported off northern Baja California. In the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, amphipods were virtually absent during 2002, 2003 and 2006. However, during 2004 and 2005, abundances of P. brevidens increased (54 and 20 ind/1000 m3, respectively). Moreover, during the late summer of 2007, abundances of L. schizogeneios, P. brevidens, Lycaea nasuta, Lycaea pulex, and Simorhynchotus antennarius increased considerably (261, 39, 31, 68, 416 ind/1000 m3, respectively), indicating occasional utilization of the coastal shelf by pelagic amphipods. Changes in gelatinous populations (medusae, siphonophores, ctenophores, doliolids, and salps) paralleled changes in hyperiid populations, with highest abundances in 2005-2008 in the coastal shelf. Significant correlations of 17 amphipod species with gelatinous taxa, which are often used as host organisms by hyperiid amphipods, suggest that gelatinous presence enhanced hyperiid abundance and promoted the progression of hyperiid amphipods onto the coastal shelf during parts of the 2002-2008 period. © 2020 Bertha E. Lavaniegos. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

abalone, Amphipoda, article, Baja California, clam, clinical article, Ctenophora, Eugenia, female, fishery, human, human experiment, male, medusa, nonhuman, Panulirus interruptus, plume, summer, zooplankton, Amphipoda, animal, California, ecosystem, CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA

Rapid effects of marine reserves via larval dispersal

Richard Cudney Bueno (2009, [Artículo])

Marine reserves have been advocated worldwide as conservation and fishery management tools. It is argued that they can protect ecosystems and also benefit fisheries via density-dependent spillover of adults and enhanced larval dispersal into fishing areas. However, while evidence has shown that marine reserves can meet conservation targets, their effects on fisheries are less understood. In particular, the basic question of if and over what temporal and spatial scales reserves can benefit fished populations via larval dispersal remains unanswered. We tested predictions of a larval transport model for a marine reserve network in the Gulf of California, Mexico, via field oceanography and repeated density counts of recently settled juvenile commercial mollusks before and after reserve establishment. We show that local retention of larvae within a reserve network can take place with enhanced, but spatially-explicit, recruitment to local fisheries. Enhancement occurred rapidly (2 yrs), with up to a three-fold increase in density of juveniles found in fished areas at the downstream edge of the reserve network, but other fishing areas within the network were unaffected. These findings were consistent with our model predictions. Our findings underscore the potential benefits of protecting larval sources and show that enhancement in recruitment can be manifested rapidly. However, benefits can be markedly variable within a local seascape. Hence, effects of marine reserve networks, positive or negative, may be overlooked when only focusing on overall responses and not considering finer spatially-explicit responses within a reserve network and its adjacent fishing grounds. Our results therefore call for future research on marine reserves that addresses this variability in order to help frame appropriate scenarios for the spatial management scales of interest. © 2009 Cudney-Bueno et al.

article, environmental monitoring, fishery, larva, marine environment, marine species, Mexico, mollusc, nonhuman, oceanography, prediction, animal, biology, environmental protection, food industry, geography, growth, development and aging, larva, met CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA