Can I speak to the manager? The gender dynamics of decision-making in Kenyan maize plots

Rachel Voss Zachary Gitonga Jason Donovan Mariana Garcia-Medina Pauline Muindi (2023, [Artículo])

Gender and social inclusion efforts in agricultural development are focused on making uptake of agricultural technologies more equitable. Yet research looking at how gender relations influence technology uptake often assumes that men and women within a household make farm management decisions as individuals. Relatively little is understood about the dynamics of agricultural decision-making within dual-adult households where individuals’ management choices are likely influenced by others in the household. This study used vignettes to examine decision-making related to maize plot management in 698 dual-adult households in rural Kenya. The results indicated a high degree of joint management of maize plots (55%), although some management decisions—notably those related to purchased inputs—were slightly more likely to be controlled by men, while other decisions—including those related to hiring of labor and maize end uses—were more likely to be made by women. The prevalence of joint decision-making underscores the importance of ensuring that both men’s and women’s priorities and needs are reflected in design and marketing of interventions to support maize production, including those related to seed systems, farmer capacity building, and input delivery.

Intrahousehold Jointness CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENDER HOUSEHOLDS MAIZE SEED SYSTEMS DECISION MAKING

Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer and planting density levels for maize production under current climate conditions in Northwest Ethiopian midlands

Kindie Tesfaye Dereje Ademe Enyew Adgo (2023, [Artículo])

This study determined the most effective plating density (PD) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate for well-adapted BH540 medium-maturing maize cultivars for current climate condition in north west Ethiopia midlands. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT)-Crop Environment Resource Synthesis (CERES)-Maize model has been utilized to determine the appropriate PD and N-fertilizer rate. An experimental study of PD (55,555, 62500, and 76,900 plants ha−1) and N (138, 207, and 276 kg N ha−1) levels was conducted for 3 years at 4 distinct sites. The DSSAT-CERES-Maize model was calibrated using climate data from 1987 to 2018, physicochemical soil profiling data (wilting point, field capacity, saturation, saturated hydraulic conductivity, root growth factor, bulk density, soil texture, organic carbon, total nitrogen; and soil pH), and agronomic management data from the experiment. After calibration, the DSSAT-CERES-Maize model was able to simulate the phenology and growth parameters of maize in the evaluation data set. The results from analysis of variance revealed that the maximum observed and simulated grain yield, biomass, and leaf area index were recorded from 276 kg N ha−1 and 76,900 plants ha−1 for the BH540 maize variety under the current climate condition. The application of 76,900 plants ha−1 combined with 276 kg N ha−1 significantly increased observed and simulated yield by 25% and 15%, respectively, compared with recommendation. Finally, future research on different N and PD levels in various agroecological zones with different varieties of mature maize types could be conducted for the current and future climate periods.

Maize Model Planting Density CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE MODELS SPACING NITROGEN FERTILIZERS YIELDS

Assessment of resistance mechanisms to fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in tropical maize inbred lines

Anani Bruce Dan Makumbi Yoseph Beyene Prasanna Boddupalli Paul André Calatayud (2023, [Artículo])

Native Resistance Antixenosis Maize Inbred Lines CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA PEST RESISTANCE ANTIBIOSIS DEFENCE MECHANISMS FALL ARMYWORMS MAIZE INBRED LINES

Addressing agricultural labour issues is key to biodiversity-smart farming

Thomas Daum Frédéric Baudron Matin Qaim Ingo Grass (2023, [Artículo])

There is an urgent need for agricultural development strategies that reconcile agricultural production and biodiversity conservation. This is especially true in the Global South where population growth is rapid and much of the world's remaining biodiversity is located. Combining conceptual thoughts with empirical insights from case studies in Indonesia and Ethiopia, we argue that such strategies will have to pay more attention to agricultural labour dynamics. Farmers have a strong motivation to reduce the heavy toil associated with farming by adopting technologies that save labour but can negatively affect biodiversity. Labour constraints can also prevent farmers from adopting technologies that improve biodiversity but increase labour intensity. Without explicitly accounting for labour issues, conservation efforts can hardly be successful. We hence highlight the need for biodiversity-smart agriculture, that is farming practices or systems that reconcile biodiversity with land and labour productivity. Our empirical insights suggest that technological and institutional options to reconcile farmers' socio-economic goals and biodiversity conservation exist but that more needs to be done to implement such options at scale.

Land Sharing Trade-Offs CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LABOUR SUSTAINABILITY

Genotype×Environment interaction and stability analysis using GGE biplot for grain yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under low moisture stress areas of Ethiopia

Ayele Badebo Huluka Bekele Abeyo (2023, [Artículo])

Moisture Stress Grain Yield CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION DROUGHT STRESS STABILITY TRITICUM AESTIVUM LATTICE DESIGN

Local markets and food security. The case of the Milpera and Puuc regions in Yucatan

Ana Laura Bojórquez Carrillo Monserrat Vargas Jiménez Mireya Noemi Hernández Islas (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

Food insecurity is a complex problem worldwide. A major part of this problem is the food supply. Local markets can represent a strategy for building social capital, as well as strategies for subsistence and sustainability of food value chains, contributing to food security and its effects. The objective of this research is to determine if the existence of a municipal market in the Milpera and Puuc regions of Yucatán favors the existence of food security, the consumption or the expense of natural foods. The population is located in 18 municipalities of Yucatán, Mexico. To carry out this study, a cross-sectional, non-experimental study, with a quantitative approach and correlational scope. The main techniques that were applied were descriptive statistics and contingency tables with respect to 6 hypotheses. This work shows that the existence of markets in the communities makes a significant difference because it positively impacts the food security of the inhabitants, since it allows them to have access to a wider variety of products and at the same time, favors the active dynamics of the economy of the community.

Local markets Food safety Local development Food sovereignty Rural areas Mercados locales Seguridad alimentaria Desarrollo local Soberanía alimentaria Zonas rurales CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

Gestión de proyectos de TIC en Sinersystech con metodología de desarrollo DevOps

Juan Carlos Espino Ortega (2023, [Otro, Trabajo de grado, maestría])

La gestión de proyectos de TIC suele volverse caótica cuando no existe una metodología, con la suficiente madurez, de desarrollo, seguimiento y tampoco las herramientas necesarias para dar seguimiento a las actividades que se realizan en todas las etapas del proyecto. En este artículo abordaremos el uso de la metodología DevOps, así como las aplicaciones de software que pueden soportar el uso de esta para dar seguimiento al desarrollo de los proyectos de TIC en Sinersystech, se realiza revisión de estado del arte, se desarrolla cuestionario con un enfoque cualitativo para entender la situación actual de la empresa y para concluir se documentan las herramientas que nos pueden apoyar en los procesos de desarrollo de software dentro de la empresa adoptando la metodología de desarrollo DevOps, los beneficios de la integración de esta en todas las etapas del desarrollo optimizando, costos, tiempos de entrega y resultado hacia los clientes.

Gestión de proyectos Metodología de gestión de proyectos DevOps INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE LAS TELECOMUNICACIONES TECNOLOGÍA DE LAS TELECOMUNICACIONES

Desastres asociados a fenómenos hidrometeorológicos

JOEL FRANCIS AUDEFROY RAYMUNDO PADILLA LOZOYA (2018, [Libro])

Este libro es una contribución de la Red de Desastres Asociados a Fenómenos Hidrometeorológicos y Climáticos (REDESClim) del Programa de Redes Temáticas del Conacyt, la cual tiene por propósito mejorar el conocimiento y la capacidad de respuesta a la variabilidad climática y a las manifestaciones naturales intensas como los huracanes, inundaciones, ondas de calor, sequías y todo tipo de fenómenos hidrometeorológicos que pudieran resultar amenazantes para la sociedad. Por lo anterior, este libro se gestó con la idea de mostrar ese quehacer científico entre especialistas y estudiantes a partir de tres líneas temáticas que inciden en los fenómenos hidrometeorológicos: 1) Las respuestas institucionales y políticas frente a fenómenos hidrometeorológicos; 2) El monitoreo y análisis de fenómenos hidrometeorológicos; 3) Las respuestas sociales a eventos hidrometeorológicos en zonas costeras.

Hidrometeorología Desastres Vulnerabilidad CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA

Structural violence against children in Chihuahua

Hector Castro-Loera Gabriela Orozco Lopez (2022, [Artículo, Artículo])

Within the framework of philosophy and its social function, structural violence against children in Chihuahua is studied; To approach the phenomenon and propose alternatives, three theories will be related: i) feminist studies regarding violence, concepts such as intersectionality, pedagogies of cruelty and structural violence will be used, ii) the philosophy of children's rights, child´s play will be appreciated as a necessity and legal position of freedom, and iii) the event of the Aufklärung, that is, the assimilation of the present of humanity or the Enlightenment in Foucault's thought.

Structural violence Philosophy and children´s rights Chihuahua Violencia estructural Filosofía y derechos de niños CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

Entubamiento de la conducción del agua de riego del tramo San Alejo-Pilcaya y tecnificación del riego de la unidad de riego de Pilcaya, estado de Guerrero

Juan Manuel Angeles MAURO IÑIGUEZ COVARRUBIAS HELENE EMMI KARIN UNLAND WEISS (2008, [Documento de trabajo])

La Unidad de riego Pilcaya, está agrupada en una Sociedad de Aguas de Riego denominada “Flores – Jabalí“. La junta directiva de esta Sociedad hace la distribución del agua, misma que posee la concesión, consta de 429 socios con un total de 412 Acciones, en donde cada Acción comprende una superficie de 1.2 ha, por lo que esta Sociedad de Aguas de Riego representa una superficie total de 494.4 ha, misma que se considera es la superficie regada. Sin embargo, por cuestiones de rotación de cultivos, se tiene una superficie dominada con infraestructura de riego de 1,044.4 ha. El tipo de tenencia de la tierra es pequeña propiedad. La fuente de abastecimiento es uno de los manantiales que proviene de los deshielos del Volcán Nevado de Toluca, mismo que se conduce hasta la Unidad de Riego de Pilcaya, mediante un canal revestido del tramo que va desde la población de San Alejo, municipio de Ixtapan de la Sal, Estado de México, a la cabecera municipal de Pilcaya, Guerrero. Dentro de la zona de riego, se dispone de tres bordos que se utilizan para almacenar y regular el agua de riego. El propósito del entubamiento es dejar preparado para que en un futuro los usuarios puedan instalar sistemas de riego presurizados, sin necesidad de requerir equipo de bombeo.

Riego Redes entubadas Desarrollo tecnológico INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA