Trade-off in the design of sustainable cropping systems at a regional level: A case study on the North China plain

Jeroen Groot XiaoLin Yang (2022, [Artículo])

Holistic Analysis Model-Based Analysis CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROP ROTATION FOOD SECURITY WATER USE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ECONOMIC VIABILITY

Addressing agricultural labour issues is key to biodiversity-smart farming

Thomas Daum Frédéric Baudron Matin Qaim Ingo Grass (2023, [Artículo])

There is an urgent need for agricultural development strategies that reconcile agricultural production and biodiversity conservation. This is especially true in the Global South where population growth is rapid and much of the world's remaining biodiversity is located. Combining conceptual thoughts with empirical insights from case studies in Indonesia and Ethiopia, we argue that such strategies will have to pay more attention to agricultural labour dynamics. Farmers have a strong motivation to reduce the heavy toil associated with farming by adopting technologies that save labour but can negatively affect biodiversity. Labour constraints can also prevent farmers from adopting technologies that improve biodiversity but increase labour intensity. Without explicitly accounting for labour issues, conservation efforts can hardly be successful. We hence highlight the need for biodiversity-smart agriculture, that is farming practices or systems that reconcile biodiversity with land and labour productivity. Our empirical insights suggest that technological and institutional options to reconcile farmers' socio-economic goals and biodiversity conservation exist but that more needs to be done to implement such options at scale.

Land Sharing Trade-Offs CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LABOUR SUSTAINABILITY

Voice communication module for automotive instrument panel indicators based on virtual assistant open-source solution - Mycroft AI

Módulo de comunicación de voz para indicadores de un panel de instrumentos automotriz basado en la solución de asistente virtual de código abierto - Mycroft AI

Ricardo Hernández Mejía FRANCISCO JAVIER IBARRA VILLEGAS CAIN PEREZ WENCES (2023, [Artículo])

This work was originated from the increasing interest in several industries to implement voice based virtual assistant solutions powered by the Natural Language Processing field of study. This work is focused on the automotive industry Human Machine Interface related products, specifically the Instrument Panel. Nowadays people are constantly using virtual assistants like Google Assistant, Alexa, Cortana or Siri on their electronic devices. Furthermore, 31% of cars have a built-in virtual assistant, for example Ford uses Alexa, Merced­es-Benz and Hyundai use Google Assistant, BMW and Nissan use Cortana, GM uses IBM Watson, Honda uses Hana and Toyota uses YUI. Apart from the proprietary solutions described earlier, there are also contemporary open-source generic solutions available on the market, such as Mycroft AI which stands out from other technologies due to ready to deploy, well documented, simple installation on a Linux PC or RPI SoC, and simple execution. This paper presents a way to use Mycroft AI as an alternative to add artificial intelligence-based voice assistance to applications in the automotive domain. The voice communication module presented here drives notifications related to three different entities: seat belt, fuel level and battery level, all of them are telltales present in any automotive Instrument Panel. Since the Mycroft AI design approach is based on Human Centered Design (HCD), the voice communication module presented here provides real user experience (UX) based design. As a conclusion, Mycroft AI demonstrates great potential as an alternative to add voice assistance to automotive industry Human Machine Interface related products. About future work, due to the fact that Mycroft AI is based on Python, there are many possibilities for connecting and expanding the voice communication module by using countless Python libraries in order to import and process any type of information, in any format or source, for example the information from communication technologies like CAN, LIN, Ethernet, MOST, GPS or any other device or technology in order to create comprehensive automotive solutions.

Este trabajo se originó del creciente interés por parte de diferentes industrias para implementar soluciones de asistente virtual basado en voz impulsadas por el campo de estudio del Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural. Este trabajo está enfocado en los productos relacionados a la Interfaz Humano Máquina de la industria automotriz, específicamente el Panel de Instrumentos. Hoy en día las personas usan constantemente asistentes virtuales como Google Assistant, Alexa, Cortana o Siri en sus dispositivos electrónicos. Más aún, 31% de los autos tienen un asistente virtual integrado, por ejemplo, Ford usa Alexa, Mercedes-Benz y Hyundai usan Google Assistant, BMW y Nissan usan Cortana, GM usa IBM Watson, Honda usa Hana y Toyota usa YUI. Aparte de las soluciones de marca registrada descritas anteriormente, también hay soluciones genéricas de código abierto contemporáneas disponibles en el mercado, tales como Mycroft AI que se hace notar por sobre otras tecnologías por características como listo para usar, bien documentada, instalación simple en una PC Linux o RPI SoC, y una ejecución simple. Este artículo presenta una manera de usar Mycroft AI como una alternativa para agregar inteligencia artificial basada en asistencia de voz a aplicaciones en el dominio automotriz. El módulo de comunicación de voz presentado aquí maneja notificaciones relacionadas a tres diferentes entidades: cinturón de seguridad, nivel de gasolina y nivel de batería, todos ellos son indicadores virtuales presentes en cualquier Panel de Instrumentos Automotriz. Dado que el enfoque de diseño de Mycroft AI se basa en Diseño Centrado en el Human (HCD), el módulo de comunicación por voz presentado aquí provee un diseño basado en experiencia de usuario (UX) real. Como conclusión, Mycroft AI demuestra gran potencial como una alternativa para agregar asistencia de voz a los productos relacionados a Interfaz Humano Máquina de la industria automotriz. Acerca del trabajo a futuro, debido al hecho que Mycroft AI está basado en Python, existen muchas posibilidades para conectar y expandir el módulo de comunicación por voz a través del uso de innumerables bibliotecas de Python para importar y procesar cualquier tipo de información, en cualquier formato o fuente, por ejemplo la información proveniente de tecnologías de comunicación tales como CAN, LIN, Ethernet, MOST, GPS o cualquier otro dispositivo o tecnología para crear soluciones automotrices integrales.

Authorship acknowledgment. Ricardo Hernández Mejía: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Research, Resources, Original draft, Visualization, Project administration. Francisco Javier Ibarra Villegas: Review and Editing, Supervision, Project Administration. Cain Pérez Wences: Review and Editing.

Acknowledgment. To Posgrado CIATEQ A.C. due to the institutional support and guidance received to conclude this work in a professional and successful way. To Continental Automotive Occidente due to the sponsorship provided to perform the master’s degree along with Posgrado CIATEQ A.C. which made possible this work. To Dr. Francisco Javier Ibarra Villegas due to their guidance and support on the process to shape and concrete this work.

Instrument panel Virtual assistant Voice communication module Mycroft AI Human centered design User experience Panel de instrumentos Asistente virtual Módulo de comunicación por voz Diseño centrado en el humano Experiencia de usuario INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS OTRAS

Conservation agriculture based sustainable intensification: India updates

ML JAT (2021, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION LAND MANAGEMENT TILLAGE PLANT ESTABLISHMENT BIOMASS WATER MANAGEMENT

Transfers and land demand for housing: Evidence from a municipality in northwestern México

Nicolás Guadalupe Zúñiga Espinoza (2021, [Artículo, Artículo])

Objective: to analyze the destination of conditional transfers (TC) to finance public services on land managed for housing in a municipality in the Northwest of Mexico. Methodology: based on semi-structured interviews, analysis of documents and data consulted in Inegi, Coneval, Inafed, Municipal Governments of Guasave and State of Sinaloa, it was possible to develop this work for the period 2013 to June 2020. Results: the evidence indicates that of the 6.9-hectare surface managed for housing, 50 % of the lots are vacant and in only a part of them there are houses or unfinished constructions (17 %). It is more about an interest in fattening land and taking advantage of financing, with transfers, to introduce free public services such as electricity, water and drainage.

land policies land market transfers housing Políticas de suelo mercado de suelo transferencias vivienda Microeconomía Mercados de suelo CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA; HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Catching-up with genetic progress: Simulation of potential production for modern wheat cultivars in the Netherlands

João Vasco Silva Frits K. Van Evert Pytrik Reidsma (2023, [Artículo])

Context: Wheat crop growth models from all over the world have been calibrated on the Groot and Verberne (1991) data set, collected between 1982 and 1984 in the Netherlands, in at least 28 published studies to date including various recent ones. However, the recent use of this data set for calibration of potential yield is questionable as actual Dutch winter wheat yields increased by 3.1 Mg ha-1 over the period 1984 – 2015. A new comprehensive set of winter wheat experiments, suitable for crop model calibration, was conducted in Wageningen during the growing seasons of 2013–2014 and of 2014–2015. Objective: The present study aimed to quantify the change of winter wheat variety traits between 1984 and 2015 and to examine which of the identified traits explained the increase in wheat yield most. Methods: PCSE-LINTUL3 was calibrated on the Groot and Verberne data (1991) set. Next, it was evaluated on the 2013–2015 data set. The model was further recalibrated on the 2013–2015 data set. Parameter values of both calibrations were compared. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess to what extent climate change, elevated CO2, changes in sowing dates, and changes in cultivar traits could explain yield increases. Results: The estimated reference light use efficiency and the temperature sum from anthesis to maturity were higher in 2013–2015 than in 1982–1984. PCSE-LINTUL3, calibrated on the 1982–1984 data set, underestimated the yield potential of 2013–2015. Sensitivity analyses showed that about half of the simulated winter wheat yield increase between 1984 and 2015 in the Netherlands was explained by elevated CO2 and climate change. The remaining part was explained by the increased temperature sum from anthesis to maturity and, to a smaller extent, by changes in the reference light use efficiency. Changes in sowing dates, biomass partitioning fractions, thermal requirements for anthesis, and biomass reallocation did not explain the yield increase. Conclusion: Recalibration of PCSE-LINTUL3 was necessary to reproduce the high wheat yields currently obtained in the Netherlands. About half of the reported winter wheat yield increase was attributed to climate change and elevated CO2. The remaining part of the increase was attributed to changes in the temperature sum from anthesis to maturity and, to a lesser extent, the reference light use efficiency. Significance: This study systematically addressed to what extent changes in various cultivar traits, climate change, and elevated CO2 can explain the winter wheat yield increase observed in the Netherlands between 1984 and 2015.

Light Use Efficiency Potential Yield CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROP MODELLING LIGHT PHENOLOGY MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE YIELD TRITICUM AESTIVUM WINTER WHEAT

New flavors from old wheats: exploring the aroma profiles and sensory attributes of local Mediterranean wheat landraces

Alon Cna'ani Vered Tzin Maria Itria Ibba Hector Gonzalez-Santoyo (2023, [Artículo])

Wheat Landraces Wholemeal Flour Aroma Compounds Sourdough Bread CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AMINO ACIDS FLAVOUR COMPOUNDS HARD WHEAT ORGANIC ACIDS WHOLE GRAIN FLOUR

Editorial: Evolution of abiotic stress responses in land plants

Ana Luisa Garcia-Oliveira (2023, [Artículo])

Land Plants Molecular Responses Plant Stress Biology CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ABIOTIC STRESS TERRESTRIAL PLANTS CLIMATE CHANGE

Diseño de elementos lúdicos para apoyar el reconocimiento de emociones en el proceso terapéutico cognitivo-conductual de niñas y niños de 6 a 8 años que padecen trastornos de ansiedad en la CDMX y área metropolitana

Alma Karla Buyoli Saavedra (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

179 páginas. Maestría en Diseño y Desarrollo de Productos

En la actualidad, la ansiedad representa uno de los mayores y más silenciosos problemas de la sociedad. Del mismo modo, las infancias y las adolescencias son una población que se ve afectada en gran medida por estos trastornos. En definitiva, estas es una población con una problemática apremiante de considerar, observar y trabajar. Por tal razón, resulta fundamental generar herramientas y estrategias que permitan a niños, niñas y adolescentes identificar y regular sus emociones de manera efectiva. Aprender a identificar las emociones es algo de suma importancia no solo dentro del proceso terapéutico, sino en la vida diaria del infante. En primer lugar, el hecho de reconocer y expresar emociones contribuye a canalizar la ansiedad. De igual forma, esto les ayuda a aprender a enfrentar los problemas de la vida diaria de una manera adecuada; por lo tanto, lo anterior se estima como un beneficio no solo en la infancia, sino también en la edad adulta. Asimismo, un correcto manejo emocional les permite incrementar la percepción de control sobre los sucesos que viven. Igualmente, esto refuerza su habilidad para empatizar, resolver conflictos y llegar a acuerdos, lo que mejora su forma de relacionarse con otras personas. En suma, son diferentes beneficios que se otorgarían al infante al aprender a conocer, identificar y expresar sus emociones. No obstante, estas aportaciones pueden ser mayores si se realizan a través de elementos lúdicos. Para empezar, la recreación es una acción nata y cotidiana en los infantes. El uso de fantasía, el juego simbólico y la imaginación son actividades naturales del desarrollo en el juego de los infantes (Schaefer, 2012). De igual manera, cuando las y los menores juegan, aprenden a tolerar la frustración, a regular sus emociones y a destacar en una tarea que es innata (Schaefer, 2012). En esa medida, el juego es quizá el medio más poderoso y apropiado para el desarrollo en el cual las y los menores pueden construir relaciones con los adultos, desarrollar el pensamiento causal, procesar las experiencias estresantes y aprender habilidades sociales (Chaloner, 2001). Por tal motivo, la propuesta para apoyar el proceso terapéutico se efectúa por medio de elementos lúdicos que permitan a los infantes identificar y expresar emociones a través del juego. Por tal motivo el objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar elementos lúdicos que apoyen a los niños de 6 a 8 años diagnosticados con ansiedad que se encuentren en tratamiento psicológico de la teoría cognitivo-conductual en la CDMX y área metropolitana con el fin de que puedan conocer, identificar y expresar sus emociones.

Games--Design and construction. Child psychotherapy. Play therapy. Games--Therapeutic use. Ansiedad en niños. Terapia de juego. Psicoterapia infantil. GV1230 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES

Bundling subsurface drip irrigation with no-till provides a window to integrate mung bean with intensive cereal systems for improving resource use efficiency

Manish Kakraliya madhu choudhary Mahesh Gathala Parbodh Chander Sharma ML JAT (2024, [Artículo])

The future of South Asia’s major production system (rice–wheat rotation) is at stake due to continuously aggravating pressure on groundwater aquifers and other natural resources which will further intensify with climate change. Traditional practices, conventional tillage (CT) residue burning, and indiscriminate use of groundwater with flood irrigation are the major drivers of the non-sustainability of rice–wheat (RW) system in northwest (NW) India. For designing sustainable practices in intensive cereal systems, we conducted a study on bundled practices (zero tillage, residue mulch, precise irrigation, and mung bean integration) based on multi-indicator (system productivity, profitability, and efficiency of water, nitrogen, and energy) analysis in RW system. The study showed that bundling conservation agriculture (CA) practices with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) saved ~70 and 45% (3-year mean) of irrigation water in rice and wheat, respectively, compared to farmers’ practice/CT practice (pooled data of Sc1 and Sc2; 1,035 and 318 mm ha−1). On a 3-year system basis, CA with SDI scenarios (mean of Sc5–Sc8) saved 35.4% irrigation water under RW systems compared to their respective CA with flood irrigation (FI) scenarios (mean of Sc3 and Sc4) during the investigation irrespective of residue management. CA with FI system increased the water productivity (WPi) and its use efficiency (WUE) by ~52 and 12.3% (3-year mean), whereas SDI improved by 221.2 and 39.2% compared to farmers practice (Sc1; 0.69 kg grain m−3 and 21.39 kg grain ha−1 cm−1), respectively. Based on the 3-year mean, CA with SDI (mean of Sc5–Sc8) recorded −2.5% rice yield, whereas wheat yield was +25% compared to farmers practice (Sc1; 5.44 and 3.79 Mg ha−1) and rice and wheat yield under CA with flood irrigation were increased by +7 and + 11%, compared to their respective CT practices. Mung bean integration in Sc7 and Sc8 contributed to ~26% in crop productivity and profitability compared to farmers’ practice (Sc1) as SDI facilitated advancing the sowing time by 1 week. On a system basis, CA with SDI improved energy use efficiency (EUE) by ~70% and partial factor productivity of N by 18.4% compared to CT practices. In the RW system of NW India, CA with SDI for precise water and N management proved to be a profitable solution to address the problems of groundwater, residue burning, sustainable intensification, and input (water and energy) use with the potential for replication in large areas in NW India.

Direct Seeded Rice Subsurface Drip Irrigation Economic Profitability Energy and Nitrogen Efficiency CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION IRRIGATION SYSTEMS WATER PRODUCTIVITY ECONOMIC VIABILITY ENERGY EFFICIENCY NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY