Optimization of N dose in rice under conservation agriculture with sub-surface drip fertigation

C.M. Parihar Hari Sankar Nayak Renu Pandey Avinash Kumar ML JAT (2021, [Artículo])

Biological Yield Economic N Dose Yield Attributes CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA YIELDS NITROGEN ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING RICE

Uso potencial de pellets para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas con arsénico en comunidades de Xichú, Gto., México

Pellets potential use for the treatment of contaminated water with arsenic in communities Xichú, Gto. Mexico

ALMA HORTENSIA SERAFIN MUÑOZ MELINA GUADALUPE MEDINA GARCIA FRANCISCO AGUSTIN VIDO GARCIA BERENICE NORIEGA LUNA ADRIAN ZAMORATEGUI MOLINA (2017, [Artículo])

En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo el desarrollo del uso de pellets, provenientes de resi-duos lignocelulósicos, para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas con arsénico de las comu-nidades del municipio de Xichú, Gto., México. Las muestras de agua, n = 72, se evaluaron con base en la NOM-127-SSA1-1994. La concentración más alta de arsénico fue arriba de los límites permisibles, 0.2 mg.L–1 ± 0.04 mg.L–1. Los pellets utilizados fueron a partir de aserrín, paja de trigo, agave y sorgo. Se optimizó la rampa de temperatura para la mejor consistencia de los pellets. Se realizaron varios diseños experimentales con los pellets, n = 162, a diferentes condiciones, para desarrollar el proceso de activación y tratamiento con Fe (III). Los pellets obtenidos fueron colocados en muestras de agua contaminadas con ar-sénico por 24 h. Se logró una remoción de arsénico a pH entre 6.5 a 7, del 98.50% ± 1.2%.

Present work was carried out development of use of pellets from lignocellulosic waste for arsenic-contaminated waters treatment in communities of the municipality of Xichu, Guanajuato, Mexico. Water samples, n = 72, were evaluated based on NOM-127-SSA1-1994.

The highest concentration of arsenic was above permissible limits, 0.2 mg.L–1 ± 0.04 mg.L–1. Pellets used were from sawdust, wheat straw, agave and sorghum. Temperature ramp to the best consistency of pellets is optimized. Several experimental designs with pellets were

performed,n = 162, in different conditions to develop activation process and treatment with Fe (III). Pellets obtained were placed in water samples contaminated with arsenic 24 h. Arsenic removal at pH between 6.5 to 7, of 98.50% ± 1.2% was achieved.

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA Arsénico Pellets Lignocelulósica Tecnologías sustentables Xichú, Gto. México Arsenic Lignocellulosic wastes Sustainable technologies

Review of Nationally Determined Contributions (NCD) of Kenya from the perspective of food systems

Tek Sapkota (2023, [Documento de trabajo])

Agriculture is one of the fundamental pillars of the 2022–2027 Bottom-up Economic Transformation Plan of the Government of Kenya for tackling complex domestic and global challenges. Kenya's food system is crucial for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Kenya has prioritized aspects of agriculture, food, and land use as critical sectors for reducing emissions towards achieving Vision 2030's transformation to a low-carbon, climate-resilient development pathway. Kenya's updated NDC, as well as supporting mitigation and adaptation technical analysis reports and other policy documents, has identified an ambitious set of agroecological transformative measures to promote climate-smart agriculture, regenerative approaches, and nature-positive solutions. Kenya is committed to implementing and updating its National Climate Change Action Plans (NCCAPs) to present and achieve the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets and resilience outcomes that it has identified.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOOD SYSTEMS LAND USE CHANGE AGRICULTURE POLICIES DATA ANALYSIS FOOD WASTES

Unpacking the intra-household decision-making process among wheat growers in Bihar, India

Hom Nath Gartaula (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT CROP MANAGEMENT SMALLHOLDERS GENDER HOUSEHOLDS

Climate robust soil fertility management by smallholders in Africa, Asia, and Latin America

Tek Sapkota (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SOIL FERTILITY SMALLHOLDERS FERTILIZERS NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT

Climate-smart agricultural practices influence the fungal communities and soil properties under major agri-food systems

madhu choudhary ML JAT Parbodh Chander Sharma (2022, [Artículo])

Fungal communities in agricultural soils are assumed to be affected by climate, weather, and anthropogenic activities, and magnitude of their effect depends on the agricultural activities. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the impact of the portfolio of management practices on fungal communities and soil physical–chemical properties. The study comprised different climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management scenarios (Sc) established on the principles of conservation agriculture (CA), namely, ScI is conventional tillage-based rice–wheat rotation, ScII is partial CA-based rice–wheat–mungbean, ScIII is partial CSA-based rice–wheat–mungbean, ScIV is partial CSA-based maize–wheat–mungbean, and ScV and ScVI are CSA-based scenarios and similar to ScIII and ScIV, respectively, except for fertigation method. All the scenarios were flood irrigated except the ScV and ScVI where water and nitrogen were given through subsurface drip irrigation. Soils of these scenarios were collected from 0 to 15 cm depth and analyzed by Illumina paired-end sequencing of Internal Transcribed Spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) for the study of fungal community composition. Analysis of 5 million processed sequences showed a higher Shannon diversity index of 1.47 times and a Simpson index of 1.12 times in maize-based CSA scenarios (ScIV and ScVI) compared with rice-based CSA scenarios (ScIII and ScV). Seven phyla were present in all the scenarios, where Ascomycota was the most abundant phyla and it was followed by Basidiomycota and Zygomycota. Ascomycota was found more abundant in rice-based CSA scenarios as compared to maize-based CSA scenarios. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen were found to be 1.62 and 1.25 times higher in CSA scenarios compared with other scenarios. Bulk density was found highest in farmers' practice (Sc1); however, mean weight diameter and water-stable aggregates were found lowest in ScI. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties were found better under CSA-based practices, which also increased the wheat grain yield by 12.5% and system yield by 18.8%. These results indicate that bundling/layering of smart agricultural practices over farmers' practices has tremendous effects on soil properties, and hence play an important role in sustaining soil quality/health.

Agriculture Management Fungal Community Diversity Indices Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE TILLAGE CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE SOIL ORGANIC CARBON

Farmers’ perspectives as determinants for adoption of conservation agriculture practices in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Ajay Kumar Mishra ML JAT (2022, [Artículo])

Understanding the farmer's perspective has traditionally been critical to influencing the adoption and out-scaling of CA-based climate-resilient practices. The objective of this study was to investigate the biophysical, socio-economic, and technical constraints in the adoption of CA by farmers in the Western- and Eastern-IGP, i.e., Karnal, Haryana, and Samastipur, Bihar, respectively. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered to 50 households practicing CA in Western- and Eastern-IGP. Smallholder farmers (<2 ha of landholding) in Karnal are 10% and Samastipur 66%. About 46% and 8% of households test soil periodically in Karnal and Samastipur, respectively. Results of PCA suggest economic profitability and soil health as core components from the farmer's motivational perspective in Karnal and Samastipur, respectively. Promotion and scaling up of CA technologies should be targeted per site-specific requirements, emphasizing biophysical resource availability, socio-economic constraints, and future impacts of such technology.

Smallholder Farmers Agents of Change Technology Diffusion Climate-Smart Practices CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SMALLHOLDERS SOCIAL STRUCTURE IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE

Tackling Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) in eastern Africa through effective phytosanitary approaches

Suresh L.M. Yoseph Beyene Dan Makumbi Manje Gowda Prasanna Boddupalli (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE NECROSIS DISEASE MANAGEMENT PLANT HEALTH GENE EDITING GERMPLASM

MLN disease diagnostics, MLN disease-free seed production and MLN disease management

Suresh L.M. (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA DISEASES DISEASE MANAGEMENT SEED PRODUCTION MAIZE NECROSIS YIELD LOSSES ECONOMIC IMPACT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS TRAINING

Genotype by Environment Interaction (GEI) of maize varieties resistant to maize lethal necrosis for Mid Altutides of Rwanda

Claver Ngaboyisonga Suresh L.M. (2022, [Artículo])

Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction Area Under Disease Progress Curve Maize Lethal Necrosis Variety x Environment Interaction CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE CHLOROTIC MOTTLE VIRUS RESISTANCE VARIETIES INOCULATION DISEASE MANAGEMENT SUGARCANE MOSAIC VIRUS