Diversidad biocultural de tomate nativo en Oaxaca, México

JOSE CRUZ CARRILLO RODRIGUEZ NOEL SOSA HERNÁNDEZ SOSA HERNÁNDEZ ARACELI MINERVA VERA GUZMAN JOSE LUIS CHAVEZ SERVIA (2023, [Artículo])

El tomate o jitomate mexicano fue cultivado desde la época precolombina y se comercializaba en el mercado de Tenochtitlán, y la forma silvestre posiblemente migró desde Sudamérica. No obstante, las formas silvestres y cultivadas siguen evolucionando a lo largo de Oaxaca. La geografía oaxaqueña se agrupa en ocho regiones donde se recrea la diversidad del tomate, tanto de las formas silvestres de fruto redondo y pequeño, como de las variedades nativas cultivadas de formas achatadas acostilladas, que son reconocidas con nombres en lenguas originarias y apreciadas por el sabor, aroma y textura que les confieren a los platillos locales.

AGROSISTEMAS TRADICIONALES CONSERVACION IN SITU CULTURA TRADICION PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS SOLANACEAE. BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Drones agrícolas, clave para la adopción y transición hacia la agricultura 4.0 en México

JUAN MANUEL GODOY NAVARRO (2023, [Otro, Trabajo de grado, maestría])

La agricultura 4.0 es un enfoque revolucionario que utiliza tecnologías de vanguardia para impulsar la innovación y mejorar la eficiencia en el sector agrícola. Una tecnología clave para iniciar la adopción y transición hacia esta nueva era son los drones agrícolas. En este trabajo buscaremos explorar en detalle sus aplicaciones y usos primordiales, junto con sus características, componentes y las regulaciones que guían su uso en México.

Agricultura 4.0 Agroindustria 4.0 Agricultura de precisión Agricultura inteligente Drones agrícolas Tecnología agrícola INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE LAS TELECOMUNICACIONES TECNOLOGÍA DE LAS TELECOMUNICACIONES

Genome-wide association analyses of agronomic traits and Striga hermonthica resistance in pearl millet

Hussein Shimelis Chris Ojiewo Abhishek Rathore (2023, [Artículo])

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) is a nutrient-dense, relatively drought-tolerant cereal crop cultivated in dry regions worldwide. The crop is under-researched, and its grain yield is low (< 0.8 tons ha−1) and stagnant in the major production regions, including Burkina Faso. The low productivity of pearl millet is mainly attributable to a lack of improved varieties, Striga hermonthica [Sh] infestation, downy mildew infection, and recurrent heat and drought stress. Developing high-yielding and Striga-resistant pearl millet varieties that satisfy the farmers’ and market needs requires the identification of yield-promoting genes linked to economic traits to facilitate marker-assisted selection and gene pyramiding. The objective of this study was to undertake genome-wide association analyses of agronomic traits and Sh resistance among 150 pearl millet genotypes to identify genetic markers for marker-assisted breeding and trait introgression. The pearl millet genotypes were phenotyped in Sh hotspot fields and screen house conditions. Twenty-nine million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) initially generated from 345 pearl millet genotypes were filtered, and 256 K SNPs were selected and used in the present study. Phenotypic data were collected on days to flowering, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, panicle weight, thousand-grain weight, grain weight, number of emerged Striga and area under the Striga number progress curve (ASNPC). Agronomic and Sh parameters were subjected to combined analysis of variance, while genome-wide association analysis was performed on phenotypic and SNPs data. Significant differences (P < 0.001) were detected among the assessed pearl millet genotypes for Sh parameters and agronomic traits. Further, there were significant genotype by Sh interaction for the number of Sh and ASNPC. Twenty-eight SNPs were significantly associated with a low number of emerged Sh located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7. Four SNPs were associated with days-to-50%-flowering on chromosomes 3, 5, 6, and 7, while five were associated with panicle length on chromosomes 2, 3, and 4. Seven SNPs were linked to thousand-grain weight on chromosomes 2, 3, and 6. The putative SNP markers associated with a low number of emerged Sh and agronomic traits in the assessed genotypes are valuable genomic resources for accelerated breeding and variety deployment of pearl millet with Sh resistance and farmer- and market-preferred agronomic traits.

High-Yielding Varieties Striga-Resistant Agronomic Parameters CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES STRIGA HERMONTHICA PEARL MILLET

Gender, rainfall endowment, and farmers’ heterogeneity in wheat trait preferences in Ethiopia

Hom Nath Gartaula Moti Jaleta (2024, [Artículo])

Wheat is a vital cereal crop for smallholders in Ethiopia. Despite over fifty years of research on wheat varietal development, consideration of gendered trait preferences in developing target product profiles for wheat breeding is limited. To address this gap, our study used sex-disaggregated survey data and historical rainfall trends from the major wheat-growing regions in Ethiopia. The findings indicated heterogeneity in trait preferences based on gender and rainfall endowment. Men respondents tended to prefer wheat traits with high straw yield and disease-resistance potential, while women showed a greater appreciation for wheat traits related to good taste and cooking quality. Farmers in high rainfall areas seemed to prioritize high straw yield and disease resistance traits, while those in low rainfall areas valued good adaptation traits more highly. Most of the correlation coefficients among the preferred traits were positive, indicating that farmers seek wheat varieties with traits that serve multiple purposes. Understanding men's and women's preferences and incorporating them in breeding and seed systems could contribute to the development of more targeted and effective wheat varieties that meet the diverse needs of men and women farmers in Ethiopia.

Trait Preferences Multivariate Probit Model CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS GENDER RAINFALL PROBIT ANALYSIS

Author Correction: genome-wide association analyses of agronomic traits and Striga hermonthica resistance in pearl millet

Hussein Shimelis Chris Ojiewo Abhishek Rathore (2023, [Artículo])

Agronomic Traits CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES STRIGA HERMONTHICA PEARL MILLET

Abiotic stress tolerance: Genetics, genomics, and breeding

Yunbi Xu Rajeev Varshney (2023, [Artículo])

Wheat Ancestors Modern Varieties Agronomic Performance CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ABIOTIC STRESS GENETICS GENOMICS BREEDING GERMPLASM DROUGHT STRESS

Variación espacio-temporal del ensamblaje de peces criptobentónicos y conspicuos en dos áreas naturales protegidas, Bahía de los Ángeles y Huatulco

Spatial and temporal variation of the assemblage of cryptobenthic and conspicuous reef fish in two protected natural areas, Bahía delos Ángeles and Huatulco

Rodrigo Daniel Chiriboga Ortega (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

Los peces arrecifales desempeñan roles ecológicos muy importantes manteniendo la salud de los arrecifes siendo limpiadores, recicladores de materia orgánica y además fuente de alimento entre eslabones de la cadena trófica. El presente trabajo busca describir el ensamblaje de peces arrecifales crípticos y conspicuos, y evaluar los patrones espaciales y temporales del ensamblaje de peces arrecifales en Bahía de Los Ángeles, Baja California (BLA) y el Parque Nacional Huatulco (PNH), Oaxaca. Utilizamos dos métodos de muestreo censos visuales y estaciones cerradas. Para evaluar a los peces conspicuos, se realizaron censos visuales empleando transectos de banda de 20x4 m. Para cuantificar la biodiversidad de peces crípticos, se realizaron estaciones cerradas (0.4 m2 ) en donde se utilizó aceite de clavo como anestésico para recolectar los peces arrecifales criptobentónicos (PACr). Las dos metodologías se realizaron en dos gradientes de profundidad (somero; < 5 m y profundo; > 5 m) y en dos estaciones (cálida y fría). Se realizaron curvas de acumulación de especies y un análisis del número efectivo de especies para describir la riqueza y diversidad de cada zona de estudio. Finalmente, para determinar patrones espacio temporales se realizaron análisis nMDS, PERMANOVAS y SIMPER. La riqueza total fue de 43 especies para BLA y 62 para el PNH representando el 80% y 79% del promedio de los estimadores no paramétricos respectivamente. Se aumentó el número de especies registradas a 94 para BLA y 209 para el PNH utilizando las estaciones cerradas. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre estaciones y profundidad en el ensamblaje de PACs de BLA, pero no para los PACr. En el PNH se observaron diferencias significativas para la riqueza y abundancia de los PACr y variación temporal de la biomasa de los PACs. En conclusión se demostró que el uso de métodos de muestreo complementarios mejora la calidad de los inventarios de especies y permite detectar variaciones espacio temporales en la estructura de la comunidad íctica.

Reef fishes perform important ecological roles in maintaining reef health by cleaning and recycling organic material, and by providing a source of food between trophic linkages. The thesis describes cryptic and conspicuous reef fish assemblages and estimates their spatial and temporal patterns of in two sites, Bahía de Los Ángeles (BLA) in the state of Baja California and Huatulco National Park (PNH), in the state of Oaxaca. We used two sampling methods: visual census using SCUBA (band transects of 4x20m) for conspicuous reef fish (PAC) and enclosed stations (0.4 m2) using clove oil to anesthetize and collect the cryptobenthic reef fish (PACr). Sampling was conducted at two depth strata (shallow; < 5 m and deep; > 5m) and during two seasons (warm and cold). We used species accumulation curves and analysis of effective number of species to describe the richness and diversity of reef fish. Finally, nMDS, PERMANOVAS and SIMPER were performed to determine spatial and temporal patterns. The total species richness was 43 species for BLA and 62 species for the PNH, representing 80% and 79%, respectively, of the average of the non-parametric estimators. The number of species increased to 94 for BLA and 209 for PNH using enclosed stations. Significant differences between seasons and depth strata were found for the PACs assemblage at the BLA site, but not for the PACr assemblage. At the PNH site, significant differences were found for the richness and abundance of the PACr assemblage for depth as well as for the seasonal variation of the biomass of the PACs assemblage. In conclusion we demonstrated that the use of complementary sampling methods improves the quality of species inventories and allows for the detection of both spatial and temporal variations in the structure of the reef fish community.

diversidad, peces arrecifales, criptobentónico, biomasa, espacio-temporal biodiversity, reef fishes, cryptobenthic, biomass, spatial-temporal CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES

Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844) a Pacific fat sleeper, but skinny in research: a scientometric study

MARTIN ALONSO ARECHIGA PALOMERA KAREN NOEMI NIEVES RODRIGUEZ OLIMPIA CHONG CARRILLO Héctor Gerardo Nolasco Soria Emyr Saúl Peña Marín Carlos Alfonso Alvarez_González DAVID JULIAN PALMA CANCINO RAFAEL MARTINEZ GARCIA DANIEL BADILLO ZAPATA FERNANDO VEGA VILLASANTE (2022, [Artículo])

"In order to provide information on the current knowledge about the native fish Dormitator latifrons and identify the gaps that must be filled to achieve correct resource management, a scientometric study was carried out using different scientific databases. A total of 103 publications were registered between the years 1972 and 2021. Results indicate that the species has been addressed since 2001 with less than one publication per year, with 2008 being the year with the highest number of publications (10). The main topics addressed were ecology, physiology, and parasitology of fish. The available knowledge generated about the species is concentrated in 68 journals, with Mexico as the most productive country, followed by USA and Ecuador, and the most productive research centers about this fish were Mexico’s Instituto Politécnico Nacional and Universidad de Guadalajara. A total of 285 authors were detected contributing knowledge to the species, with Violante-González in the top with ten publications. The co-authorship co-occurrence maps suggest there is no solid collaborative relationship between the scientific community and that the information generated is insufficient for conserving and exploiting this fish. It is essential to increase the study of thematic areas that allow their comprehensive management in the medium term; topics like reproduction in captivity, aquaculture, and nutrition must be addressed in the future to assure a sustainable use of this resource."

Dormitator latifrons, native fish, amphidromous, worldwide database, regional database, cooccurrence map CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES DINÁMICA DE LAS POBLACIONES

How a holobiome perspective could promote intensification, biosecurity and eco-efficiency in the shrimp aquaculture industry

Eric Daniel Gutiérrez Pérez RICARDO VAZQUEZ JUAREZ FRANCISCO JAVIER MAGALLON BARAJAS MIGUEL ANGEL MARTINEZ MERCADO GRISEL ALEJANDRA ESCOBAR ZEPEDA Paola Magallón Servín (2022, [Artículo])

"The aquaculture industry faces many challenges regarding the intensification of shrimp rearing systems. One of these challenges is the release of excessive amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus into coastal areas, causing disruption in nutrient cycling and microbial equilibrium, which are important for coastal productivity. Biosecurity within the shrimp rearing systems can also be compromised by disruption to the nutrient fluxes, and as consequence the microbiome of the system. In certain conditions, these changes could lead to the blooming of potentially pathogenic bacteria. These changes in the external microbiome of the system and the constant fluctuations of nutrients can affect the intestinal microbiome of shrimp, which is involved in the growth and development of the host, affecting nutrient absorption, regulating metabolic processes, synthesising vitamins, modulating the immune response and preventing growth of pathogenic bacteria. It has been suggested that specific changes in the intestinal microbiome of Litopenaeus vannamei may be an avenue through which to overcome some of the problems that this industry faces, in terms of health, growth and waste. Recent research, however, has focussed mainly on changes in the intestinal microbiome. Researchers have overlooked the relevance of other aspects of the system, such as the microbiome from the benthic biofilms; zooplankton, plankton and bacterioplankton; and other sources of microorganisms that can directly affect the microbial status of the intestinal and epiphytic communities, especially in rearing systems that are based on intensification and microbial maturation processes, such as a biofloc system. It is therefore necessary to place holobiome studies into context, including the ‘holobiome of the aquaculture system’ (microbiomes that make up the culture system and their interactions) and not only the intestinal microbiome. Thus, we describe factors that affect the shrimp microbiome, the methodology of study, from sampling to bioinformatic workflows, and introduce the concept of the ‘holobiome of the aquaculture system’ and how this enables us to promote the intensification, biosafety and eco-efficiency of shrimp farming. The holobiome perspective implies a greater investment of resources and time for research, but it will accelerate the development of technology that will benefit the development and sustainability of the aquaculture industry."

litopenaeus vannamei, microbiome, intensification, biofloc, holobiome of aquaculture systems CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PRODUCCIÓN ANIMAL NUTRICIÓN NUTRICIÓN

Aplicación de una metodología de evaluación de riesgo ecológico en el sistema de humedales de Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz

CESAR ARTURO ILIZALITURRI HERNANDEZ (2010, [Tesis de doctorado])

La evaluación del riesgo ambiental (ERA) es un proceso que tiene como objetivo asignar magnitudes y probabilidades a los efectos adversos de la contaminación en receptores humanos y ecológicos (OPS, 1999; Suter, 2007). En consecuencia, éste proceso resulta ser un instrumento que puede utilizarse para definir si un sitio contaminado merece o no ser intervenido. Con ello, puede establecerse si el grado de contaminación presente en un sitio genera efectos nocivos; entre mayor sea el riesgo de que la contaminación afecte a los seres vivos, mayor será la necesidad de instrumentar programas de restauración.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA