Cloning of the broadly effective wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr42 transferred from Aegilops tauschii

Guifang Lin Hui Chen Bin Tian Sunish Sehgal Jingzhong Xie Philomin Juliana Narinder Singh Sandesh Kumar Shrestha Ravi Singh Harold Trick Jesse Poland Robert Bowden guihua bai bikram gill (2022, [Artículo])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ALLELES CLONES GENE EXPRESSION GRASSES MUTATION RUSTS WHEAT BASIDIOMYCOTA DISEASE RESISTANCE GENETICS MOLECULAR CLONING PLANT BREEDING PLANT DISEASES

On-farm assessment of yield and quality traits in durum wheat

Facundo Tabbita Iván Ortíz-Monasterios Francisco Javier Pinera-Chavez Maria Itria Ibba Carlos Guzman (2023, [Artículo])

BACKGROUND: Durum wheat is key source of calories and nutrients for many regions of the world. Demand for it is predicted to increase. Further efforts are therefore needed to develop new cultivars adapted to different future scenarios. Developing a novel cultivar takes, on average, 10 years and advanced lines are tested during the process, in general, under standardized conditions. Although evaluating candidate genotypes for commercial release under different on-farm conditions is a strategy that is strongly recommended, its application for durum wheat and particularly for quality traits has been limited. This study evaluated the grain yield and quality performance of eight different genotypes across five contrasting farmers’ fields over two seasons. Combining different analysis strategies, the most outstanding and stable genotypes were identified. RESULTS: The analyses revealed that some traits were mainly explained by the genotype effect (thousand kernel weight, flour sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume, and flour yellowness), others by the management practices (yield and grain protein content), and others (test weight) by the year effect. In general, yield showed the highest range of variation across genotypes, management practices, and years and test weight the narrowest range. Flour yellowness was the most stable trait across management conditions, while yield-related traits were the most unstable. We also determined the most representative and discriminative field conditions, which is a beneficial strategy when breeders are constrained in their ability to develop multi-environment experiments. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that assessing genotypes in different farming systems is a valid and complementary strategy for on-station trials for determining the performance of future commercial cultivars in heterogeneous environments to improve the breeding process and resources.

Wheat Quality GGE Analysis Flour Yellowness CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FLOURS WHEAT QUALITY YIELDS FIELD EXPERIMENTATION

Estimating lime requirements for tropical soils: Model comparison and development

Fernando Aramburu Merlos João Vasco Silva Frédéric Baudron Robert Hijmans (2023, [Artículo])

Acid tropical soils may become more productive when treated with agricultural lime, but optimal lime rates have yet to be determined in many tropical regions. In these regions, lime rates can be estimated with lime requirement models based on widely available soil data. We reviewed seven of these models and introduced a new model (LiTAS). We evaluated the models’ ability to predict the amount of lime needed to reach a target change in soil chemical properties with data from four soil incubation studies covering 31 soil types. Two foundational models, one targeting acidity saturation and the other targeting base saturation, were more accurate than the five models that were derived from them, while the LiTAS model was the most accurate. The models were used to estimate lime requirements for 303 African soil samples. We found large differences in the estimated lime rates depending on the target soil chemical property of the model. Therefore, an important first step in formulating liming recommendations is to clearly identify the soil property of interest and the target value that needs to be reached. While the LiTAS model can be useful for strategic research, more information on acidity-related problems other than aluminum toxicity is needed to comprehensively assess the benefits of liming.

Exchangeable Acidity Aluminum Saturation Calcium Carbonate Equivalent CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES LIMES TROPICAL ZONES ACID SOILS ALUMINIUM BASE SATURATION CALCIUM CARBONATE

High Throughput-Phenotyping at CIMMYT: Experiences and needs

Francisco Pinto (2021, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA BREEDING PROGRAMMES GENETIC GAIN CROSS-BREEDING TECHNOLOGY YIELD POTENTIAL FIELD EXPERIMENTATION

Sorghum value chain analysis in semi-arid Zimbabwe

Abbyssinia Mushunje Munyaradzi Junia Mutenje Charles Pfukwa (2019, [Artículo])

Small Scale Farmers Extension Networks CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR MARKETING MARGINS SORGHUM VALUE CHAINS

Variation in anther extrusion and its impact on fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol content in oat (Avena sativa L.)

Xinyao He (2020, [Artículo])

Anther Extrusion Anther Retention Deoxynivalenol Fusarium Head Blight Spray Inoculation Spawn Inoculation CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA VOMITOXIN INOCULATION ANTHERS FUSARIUM

International Winter Wheat nurseries data: Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nurseries and International Winter Wheat yield trials for semi-arid and irrigated conditions

Mesut KESER fatih ozdemir Pietro Bartolini (2022, [Artículo])

Germplasm Exchange International Nurseries Multi-Locations CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WINTER WHEAT BREEDING GERMPLASM YIELDS DATA

Sustainable maize intensification through site-specific nutrient management advice: Experimental evidence from Nigeria

Miet Maertens Oyakhilomen Oyinbo Tahirou Abdoulaye Jordan Chamberlin (2023, [Artículo])

There is growing evidence on the impacts of site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) from Asia. The evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where SSNM developments are more recent and where conditions concerning soil fertility and fertilizer use differ importantly from those in Asia, is extremely scarce. We evaluate a SSNM advisory tool that allows extension agents to generate fertilizer recommendations tailored to the specific situation of an individual farmer’s field, using a three-year randomized controlled trial with 792 smallholder farmers in the maize belt of northern Nigeria. Two treatment arms were implemented: T1 and T2 both provide SSNM information on nutrient use and management, but T2 provides additional information on maize price distributions and the associated variability of expected returns to fertilizer use. We estimate average and heterogenous intent-to-treat effects on agronomic, economic and environmental plot-level outcomes. We find that T1 and T2 lead to substantial increases (up to 116%) in the adoption of good fertilizer management practices and T2 leads to incremental increases (up to 18%) in nutrient application rates, yields and revenues. Both treatments improve low levels of nutrient use efficiency and reduce high levels of greenhouse gas emission intensity, after two years of treatment. Our findings underscore the possibility of a more gradual and sustainable intensification of smallholder agriculture in SSA, as compared with the Asian Green Revolution, through increased fertilizer use accompanied by improved fertilizer management.

Randomized Controlled Trial CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION GREEN REVOLUTION FERTILIZERS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

Valor de uso y política. Bolívar Echeverría y la crítica marxista a lo político

SIMON ISHAN BENITEZ DRUENNE (2019, [Tesis de maestría])

La tesis busca trabajar sobre el concepto de política a partir de las aportaciones hechas al respecto por el profesor emérito de la Universidad Autónoma de México Bolívar Echeverría Andrade. Partiendo de los elementos que consideramos constituyen su crítica a lo político en la modernidad capitalista, el trabajo empieza por explorar las condiciones de necesidad para la existencia del fenómeno político en relación con la definición del ser del hombre desde el materialismo histórico y el existencialismo sartreano. En la segunda parte se profundiza en la crítica echeverríana a lo político a partir del análisis de las consecuencias que la actualización moderno capitalista tiene sobre el ejercicio de la autarquía humana y el trabajo útil.

HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA FILOSOFÍA FILOSOFÍA SOCIAL Bolívar Echeverría (1941-2010) Filósofos Latinoamericanos – Siglo XX Filosofía política Marxismo – Crítica e interpretación Materialismo histórico Existencialismo sartreano

Redesigning crop varieties to win the race between climate change and food security

Kevin Pixley Jill Cairns Santiago Lopez-Ridaura Chris Ojiewo Baloua Nébié Godfrey Asea Biswanath Das Benoit Joseph Batieno Clare Mukankusi Sarah Hearne Kanwarpal Dhugga Sieglinde Snapp Ernesto Adair Zepeda Villarreal (2023, [Artículo])

Crop Breeding Expert Survey CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE CROPPING SYSTEMS FOOD SECURITY CROPS