Hymenopteran parasitoid complex and fall armyworm: a case study in eastern India

Tapamay Dhar PRATEEK MADHAB BHATTACHARYA Mahesh Gathala Alison Laing (2024, [Artículo])

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) has significantly affected maize crop yields, production efficiency, and farmers’ incomes in the Indian Eastern Gangetic Plains region since it was first observed in India in 2018. A lack of awareness by maize growers of the appropriate selection, method, and timing of insecticide application not only creates a barrier to sustainable FAW control but also contributes to increased environmental pollution, reduced human health and increased production costs. We demonstrated that FAW inflicted the most damage in early whorl growth stage of maize, regardless of whether chemical insecticides were applied. FAW egg masses and larvae collected from maize fields in which no insecticides had been sprayed showed high parasitism rates by parasitoid wasps; in contrast fields that had been sprayed had much lower rates of parasitism on FAW. Ten hymenopteran parasitoids were observed in maize fields across the study region, suggesting a diversity of natural methods to suppress FAW in maize at different growth stages. These included two FAW egg parasitoids and eight FAW larval parasitoids. Microplitis manilae Ashmead was the most abundant FAW larval parasitoid species, and Telenomus cf. remus was the dominant FAW egg parasitoid species. Endemic FAW parasitoids such as those observed in this study have great potential as part of a sustainable, cost-effective agroecological management strategy, which can be integrated with other methods to achieve effective control of FAW.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FALL ARMYWORMS MAIZE INSECTICIDES INSECT CONTROL

Dead level contour technical design parameters required for sustainable crop production in semiarid areas of Zimbabwe

Menas Wuta Isaiah Nyagumbo (2021, [Artículo])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE DRY SPELLS RAINWATER HARVESTING CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Dead level contour technical design parameters required for sustainable crop production in semi-arid areas of Zimbabwe

Menas Wuta Isaiah Nyagumbo (2021, [Artículo])

Maize Yield Optimum Interval Dead Level Contours CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA TECHNOLOGY DRY SPELLS MAIZE YIELDS RAINWATER HARVESTING

Population genetic structure of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, in southern Mexico

Michael Jones Martha Willcox (2023, [Artículo])

Maize Weevil Genetic Structure CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURAL WORKERS FILTRATION GENE FLOW MAIZE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS CURCULIONIDAE

Testing innovations for adoption of newer and more adapted maize varieties

Michael Ndegwa Pieter Rutsaert Jason Donovan Jordan Chamberlin (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

Changing Production Conditions Genetic Innovations Maize Hybrids CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA TESTING MAIZE VARIETIES YIELDS FARMERS EXPERIMENTATION

Performance evaluation and identification of highland quality protein maize hybrids in Ethiopia

Adefris Teklewold (2022, [Artículo])

Quality Protein Conventional Maize CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE PROTEIN QUALITY CROSS-BREEDING HYBRIDS

On-farm storage loss estimates of maize in Kenya using community survey methods

Hugo De Groote Anani Bruce (2023, [Artículo])

Maize is the most important staple in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with highly seasonal production. High storage losses affect food security, but good estimations are lacking. A new method using focus group discussions (FGDs) was tested with 121 communities (1439 farmers, 52% women) in Kenya's six maize-growing zones, to estimate the maize losses to storage pests and analyze farmer practices. As control strategies, half of the farmers used chemical pesticides (49%), while hermetic bags (16%) and botanicals (15%) were also popular. Relative loss from weevils in the long rains was estimated at 23%, in the short rains 18%, and annually 21%. Fewer farmers were affected by the larger grain borer (LGB) than by maize weevils: 42% in the long rainy season and 32% in the short rainy season; losses from LGB were also smaller: 19% in the long season, 17% in the short season, and 18% over the year. Total storage loss, from both species combined, was estimated at 36%, or 671,000 tonnes per year. The greatest losses occur in the humid areas, especially the moist mid-altitudes (56%), and with smaller loss in the drylands (20–23%). Extrapolating the point data and overlaying with the maize production map shows the geographic distribution of the losses, with the most important area found around Lake Victoria. FGDs provide convenient and cheap tools to estimate storage losses in representative communities, but a total loss estimate of 36% is higher than is found in other studies, so its accuracy and framing effects need to be assessed. We conclude that storage pests remain a major problem, especially in western Kenya, and that the use of environmentally friendly technologies such as hermetic storage and botanicals needs more attention, both by the public extension service and private agrodealers.

Larger Grain Borer Maize Weevil CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE STORAGE LOSSES PESTS SURVEY METHODS

Multi-omic characterization of the maize GPI synthesis mutant gwt1 with defects in kernel development

Sarah Hearne zhiyuan fu (2023, [Artículo])

Maize Endosperm Development Membrane Proteomics Glycosyl-Phosphatidyl-Inositol Membrane Anchored Proteins CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE ENDOSPERM MEMBRANES PROTEOMICS TRANSCRIPTOMICS

Transmission, localization, and infectivity of seedborne maize chlorotic mottle virus

Suresh L.M. Pierce Paul Margaret Redinbaugh (2023, [Artículo])

Maize Lethal Necrosis Transmission Mechanisms CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE VIROSES SEEDS INOCULATION DISEASE MANAGEMENT

REMATTOOL-R: a smart tool for identifying superior maize genotypes from multi-environment yield trials

Lewis Machida Dan Makumbi (2023, [Artículo])

Maize Variety Testing Multienvironment Trial Analysis Relative Maturity REMATTOOL-R Superior Varieties Identification CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE VARIETIES MATURITY IDENTIFICATION YIELDS