EGS planning, production, maintenance of inbred lines and Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)

Fidelis Owino Berhanu Tadesse Ertiro (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA INBRED LINES SEED QUALITY QUALITY CONTROL GENETIC MARKERS

Do provisioning ecosystem services change along gradients of increasing agricultural production?

Ronju Ahammad Stephanie Tomscha Sarah Gergel Frédéric Baudron Jean-Yves Duriaux Chavarría Samson Foli Dominic Rowland Josh Van Vianen Terence Sunderland (2024, [Artículo])

Context: Increasing agricultural production shapes the flow of ecosystem services (ES), including provisioning services that support the livelihoods and nutrition of people in tropical developing countries. Although our broad understanding of the social-ecological consequences of agricultural intensification is growing, how it impacts provisioning ES is still unknown. Objectives: We examined the household use of provisioning ES across a gradient of increasing agricultural production in seven tropical countries (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia). We answered two overarching questions: (1) does the use of provisioning ES differ along gradients of agriculture production ranging from zones of subsistence to moderate and to high agriculture production? and (2) are there synergies and/or trade-offs within and among groups of ES within these zones? Methods: Using structured surveys, we asked 1900 households about their assets, livestock, crops, and collection of forest products. These questions allowed us to assess the number of provisioning ES households used, and whether the ES used are functionally substitutable (i.e., used similarly for nutrition, material, and energy). Finally, we explored synergies and trade-offs among household use of provisioning ES. Results: As agricultural production increased, provisioning ES declined both in total number and in different functional groups used. We found more severe decreases in ES for relatively poorer households. Within the functional groups of ES, synergistic relationships were more often found than trade-offs in all zones, including significant synergies among livestock products (dairy, eggs, meat) and fruits. Conclusions: Considering landscape context provides opportunities to enhance synergies among provisioning services for households, supporting resilient food systems and human well-being.

Agricultural Production Zones Agricultural Intensifcation Synergies and Trade-Offs Landscape Multifunctionality Social-Ecological Systems CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LANDSCAPE SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

In-service weld repair by direct deposition: numerical simulation and experimental validation

LUIS DANTE MELENDEZ MORALES Jose Jorge Ruiz Mondragon MARICRUZ HERNANDEZ HERNANDEZ (2023, [Artículo])

In-Service Welding is a technological process for which interconnection and repair of pipelines can be made while they are in operation, before making it two main risks need to be assessed: hydrogen cracking and burn-through. Current simulations and validations assess these risks independently, but due to its interdependence these risks need to be assessed in conjunction. A repair method not normally used, but with high potential due to its simplicity and versatility is the direct deposition of weld. In the present research, a fluid-thermo-mechanical coupled simulation and validation were done of an in-service welding repair by direct deposition on a flowing pressurized pipe having an internal defect. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of using this repair method to restore the mechanical strength of pipelines. Surface, sub-surface, and volumetric non-destructive examinations evidenced no cracking immediately to finish the repair and delayed. Temperature tendency curves showed good approximations having a maximum difference of 5.09 % between numerical and experimental. Perimeter deformation along the pipe length between numerical and experimental results displayed a similar behaviour with a significant difference in the numerical values attributed to the lack of input data for weld properties. The structural analysis performed in this study used the approach of the risk of burn-through under internal pressure determined by the occurrence of localized radial bulging. Numerical results indicated no relevant plastic strain occurs. Is strongly recommended that thermal analysis assessments using the actual defect morphology would be performed, not only considering the remaining thickness of the pipe.

Declaration of Competing Interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements: The authors gratefully acknowledge to Petropipe de Mexico for technical support, materials and equipment needed for the experimental validation. The first author wants also to acknowledge to CONAHCYT (Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías), for the post-graduate scholarship received.

In-service welding Burn-through Hydrogen cracking Weld repair INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS OTRAS

Economic valuation of climate induced losses to aquaculture for evaluating climate information services in Bangladesh

Peerzadi Rumana Hossain T.S Amjath-Babu Timothy Joseph Krupnik (2023, [Artículo])

Very little research has focused on climate impacts on aquaculture and the potential of climate information services (CIS) for aquaculture to support sustainable development goals 2030 (SDGs)1. This study represents an effort to bridge this gap by conducting a first ex-ante economic evaluation of CIS for aquaculture in Bangladesh by semi-automating the extraction of data on climate-induced fish losses during 2011 to 2021 from popular online newspaper articles and corroborating them with available government and satellite datasets. During this period, Bangladesh faced an estimated loss of around 140 million USD for hatcheries, open water fish and shrimp. When validated with a year of country-wide official data on climate-induced economic losses to aquaculture, the damage reported from these media sources is approximately 10 percent of actual losses. Given this rule of thumb, the potential economic value of aquacultural CIS could be up to USD14 million a year, if 10 percent of the damage can be offset by appropriate services through a range of multi-sector efforts to establish and extend these services to farmers at scale.

Climate Information Services Newspaper Scraping CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA LOSSES AQUACULTURE CLIMATE SERVICES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Influence of conservation agriculture-based production systems on bacterial diversity and soil quality in rice-wheat-greengram cropping system in eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Anup Das virender kumar Peter Craufurd Andrew Mcdonald Sonam Sherpa (2023, [Artículo])

Introduction: Conservation agriculture (CA) is gaining attention in the South Asia as an environmentally benign and sustainable food production system. The knowledge of the soil bacterial community composition along with other soil properties is essential for evaluating the CA-based management practices for achieving the soil environment sustainability and climate resilience in the rice-wheat-greengram system. The long-term effects of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment (TCE) methods on earthworm population, soil parameters as well as microbial diversity have not been well studied. Methods: Seven treatments (or scenarios) were laid down with the various tillage (wet, dry, or zero-tillage), establishment method (direct-or drill-seeding or transplantation) and residue management practices (mixed with the soil or kept on the soil surface). The soil samples were collected after 7 years of experimentation and analyzed for the soil quality and bacterial diversity to examine the effect of tillage-cum-crop establishment methods. Results and Discussion: Earthworm population (3.6 times), soil organic carbon (11.94%), macro (NPK) (14.50–23.57%) and micronutrients (Mn, and Cu) (13.25 and 29.57%) contents were appreciably higher under CA-based TCE methods than tillage-intensive farming practices. Significantly higher number of OTUs (1,192 ± 50) and Chao1 (1415.65 ± 14.34) values were observed in partial CA-based production system (p ≤ 0.05). Forty-two (42) bacterial phyla were identified across the scenarios, and Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were the most dominant in all the scenarios. The CA-based scenarios harbor a high abundance of Proteobacteria (2–13%), whereas the conventional tillage-based scenarios were dominated by the bacterial phyla Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi and found statistically differed among the scenarios (p ≤ 0.05). Composition of the major phyla, i.e., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were associated differently with either CA or farmers-based tillage management practices. Overall, the present study indicates the importance of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment methods in shaping the bacterial diversity, earthworms population, soil organic carbon, and plant nutrient availability, which are crucial for sustainable agricultural production and resilience in agro-ecosystem.

Metagenomics Bacterial Diversity Rice-Wheat-Greengram CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE DNA SEQUENCES EARTHWORMS METAGENOMICS SOIL QUALITY AGROECOSYSTEMS

Editorial: Genome wide association studies and genomic selection for crop improvement in the era of Big Data

Alison Bentley Charles Chen Nunzio D'Agostino (2022, [Artículo])

Allele Mining High-Throughput Phenotyping Genomic Estimated Breeding Value CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROP IMPROVEMENT DNA CHROMOSOME MAPPING GENETIC LINKAGE GENOMES GENOTYPING GERMINATION HEAT STRESS QUALITY CONTROL SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM TRITICUM AESTIVUM GENETIC DIVERSITY (AS RESOURCE) HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING

Estimation of general and specific combining ability effects for quality protein maize inbred lines

Adefris Teklewold Dagne Wegary Gissa (2022, [Artículo])

General Combining Ability Specific Combining Ability CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA COMBINING ABILITY MAIZE PROTEIN QUALITY INBRED LINES DATA ANALYSIS

Performance evaluation and identification of highland quality protein maize hybrids in Ethiopia

Adefris Teklewold (2022, [Artículo])

Quality Protein Conventional Maize CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE PROTEIN QUALITY CROSS-BREEDING HYBRIDS

Seasonal patterns in rice and wheat residue burning and surface PM2.5 concentration in northern India

Carlo Montes Tek Sapkota Balwinder-Singh (2022, [Artículo])

Biomass Burning Emission Inventory Active Fires CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AIR QUALITY BIOMASS BURNING EMISSION FIRES

Standard heterosis estimation for quality protein maize hybrids over best released and commercialized hybrids

Adefris Teklewold (2022, [Artículo])

Grain Yield Quality Protein Maize CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROSS-BREEDING INBRED LINES HETEROSIS PROTEIN QUALITY HYBRIDS