Diseño de productos vs. diseño de conceptos (una nueva perspectiva del diseño industrial basada en innovación)

José Humberto Jacobo Solís (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo presentar una visión alternativa para el diseño industrial, la cual se centra en el desarrollo de conceptos de negocio en lugar de únicamente centrarse en el desarrollo de productos. Asimismo, esta visión intenta romper con ciertos paradigmas que se enfocan en el rechazo hacia a la innovación y hacia la comercialización de los conceptos resultantes del proceso de diseño, a través de la exposición de las posturas de diversos autores quienes consideran que la innovación es el camino para lograr enfrentar los grandes desafíos sociales y ambientales que aquejan a la sociedad actual. Finalmente, este documento presenta únicamente las bases para la realización de un trabajo de investigación mucho más profundo, el cual permita darle mayor validez a la idea central de que el diseño debe evolucionar de una disciplina enfocada en el desarrollo de productos hacia una enfocada en el desarrollo de conceptos de negocio.

This work aims to present an alternative vision for industrial design, which focuses on the development of business concepts instead of only focusing on product development. Likewise, this vision tries to break with certain paradigms that focus on the rejection of innovation and the commercialization of the concepts resulting from the design process, through the exposition of the positions of various authors who consider that innovation is the way to face the great social and environmental challenges that afflict today’s society. Finally, this document only presents the bases for carrying out a much deeper research work, which allows giving greater validity to the central idea that design must evolve from a discipline focused on product development to one focused on the development of business concepts.

Diseño conceptual, innovación, conceptualización, concepto de diseño. Conceptual design, innovation, conceptualization, design concept. Product design. Industrial design. Creative ability. Product design--Methodology. Diseño de producto. Diseño industrial. Aptitud creadora. TS171.4 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS

Diagnóstico para la caracterización de funciones normalizadas en el sector hídrico

Armando Mendiola Mauro Plata ANTONIO ROMERO CASTRO (2014, [Documento de trabajo])

Se presenta una aproximación de la descripción de algunos aspectos estructurales, económicos y técnicos que conforman el sector hídrico en México. El informe está conformado por una investigación bibliográfica, con algunos aspectos clave que permiten recabar información estadística, estructural y económica de las instituciones que conforman el sector hídrico. La segunda parte, a través de la aplicación de algunos instrumentos para recopilar información, se determinan algunos datos para identificar demanda de los 21 estándares de competencias labores que se han desarrollado dentro del Comité de Gestión por Competencias del sector hídrico.

Organismos operadores Recursos humanos Aspectos económicos Productividad Informes de proyectos CIENCIAS SOCIALES

Production vulnerability to wheat blast disease under climate change

Diego Pequeno Jose Mauricio Fernandes Pawan Singh Willingthon Pavan Kai Sonder Richard Robertson Timothy Joseph Krupnik Olaf Erenstein Senthold Asseng (2024, [Artículo])

Wheat Blast Tropical Regions CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT PLANT DISEASES CLIMATE CHANGE PRODUCTION

Product profile development and prioritization: Important considerations

Yoseph Beyene (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE PRODUCTS BREEDING PROGRAMMES MARKET SEGMENTATION TECHNOLOGY GERMPLASM

Potential impacts of Ukraine-Russia armed conflict on global wheat food security: A quantitative exploration

Khondoker Mottaleb Gideon Kruseman Sieglinde Snapp (2022, [Artículo])

Violent conflict is a major cause of acute food crises. In 2021, at least 155 million people in 10 countries were severely food insecure and eight of those countries were experiencing armed conflict. On February 24, 2022, an armed conflict between Russian Federation (Russia) and Ukraine escalated. As Russia and Ukraine are major wheat exporters, this will aggravate the already precarious food security situation in many developing countries by disrupting wheat production and export and by accelerating price hikes in import-dependent developing countries. This study examines the potential impacts of this ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine on wheat price, consumption, and calorie intake from wheat. In doing so, it applies the conditional mixed process estimation procedure using information collected from 163 countries and territories for the years 2016–2019 from online database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The study shows that, on average, a 1% decrease in the global wheat trade could increase the producers' price of wheat by 1.1%, and a 1% increase in the producers' price could reduce the yearly per capita wheat consumption by 0.59%, daily calorie intake by 0.54% and protein intake by 0.64% in the sampled countries. Based on this, the study demonstrates that a 50% reduction in wheat exports by Russia and Ukraine could increase the producers’ price of wheat by 15%, which would induce a reduction in wheat consumption and dietary energy intake by at least 8%. Since wheat export has reduced from both Russia and Ukraine, to avoid a food crisis in developing countries, policies are suggested, including near term improvement of domestic wheat production by promoting improved agronomic practices to close yield gaps to meet a substantial portion of wheat self-sufficiency goals. In the long run, countries in Africa, East Asia and South America can explore expanding wheat into new land area. International donor agencies can play a key role in supporting the ongoing wheat research and development activities.

Export-Import CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ARMED CONFLICTS CALORIES CONSUMPTION ELASTICITY FOOD SECURITY PRICES PRODUCTION WHEAT

Achieving wheat self-sufficiency in Brazil

Diego Pequeno Senthold Asseng (2024, [Artículo])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT SELF SUFFICIENCY PRODUCTION

Agricultural emissions reduction potential by improving technical efficiency in crop production

Arun Khatri-Chhetri Tek Sapkota sofina maharjan Paresh Shirsath (2023, [Artículo])

CONTEXT: Global and national agricultural development policies normally tend to focus more on enhancing farm productivity through technological changes than on better use of existing technologies. The role of improving technical efficiency in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction from crop production is the least explored area in the agricultural sector. But improving technical efficiency is necessary in the context of the limited availability of existing natural resources (particularly land and water) and the need for GHG emission reduction from the agriculture sector. Technical efficiency gains in the production process are linked with the amount of input used nd the cost of production that determines both economic and environmental gains from the better use of existing technologies. OBJECTIVE: To assess a relationship between technical efficiency and GHG emissions and test the hypothesis that improving technical efficiency reduces GHG emissions from crop production. METHODS: This study used input-output data collected from 10,689 rice farms and 5220 wheat farms across India to estimate technical efficiency, global warming potential, and emission intensity (GHG emissions per unit of crop production) under the existing crop production practices. The GHG emissions from rice and wheat production were estimated using the CCAFS Mitigation Options Tool (CCAFS-MOT) and the technical efficiency of production was estimated through a stochastic production frontier analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that improving technical efficiency in crop production can reduce emission intensity but not necessarily total emissions. Moreover, our analysis does not support smallholders tend to be technically less efficient and the emissions per unit of food produced by smallholders can be relatively high. Alarge proportion of smallholders have high technical efficiency, less total GHG emissions, and low emissions intensity. This study indicates the levels of technical efficiency and GHG emission are largely influenced by farming typology, i.e. choice and use of existing technologies and management practices in crop cultivation. SIGNIFICANCE: This study will help to promote existing improved technologies targeting GHG emissions reduction from the agriculture production systems.

Technical Efficiency Interventions CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MITIGATION PRODUCTIVITY CROP PRODUCTION GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

Genotype×Environment interaction and stability analysis using GGE biplot for grain yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under low moisture stress areas of Ethiopia

Ayele Badebo Huluka Bekele Abeyo (2023, [Artículo])

Moisture Stress Grain Yield CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION DROUGHT STRESS STABILITY TRITICUM AESTIVUM LATTICE DESIGN

Structural analysis evaluationfor rollers of chassis dynoUsing finite element software

Jesús Emmanuel López Rizo ALFREDO CHAVEZ LUNA JAIME GONZALO SANTANA ESQUIVEL (2023, [Artículo])

This paper discusses the design considerations for a chassis dynamometer, focused on the rollers system used for measuring the power and torque of a vehicle in a university-level workshop. The design must prioritize factors such as safety, ease of use, adaptability to diverse types of vehicles, and the inclusion of safety systems to protect students and the vehicle. The work suggests adaptative features for the design, such as an adjustable fastening system and a compact and portable design, to adapt the structure into a university laboratory. The study also describes common methods for measuring engine power and torque using a chassis dynamometer, and the accurate and reliable measurement systems used for this purpose. This concludes with a discussion of the manufacturing methods used for the chassis dynamometer and a static analysis of the maximum effort capacity in each roller using Von Mises and Goodman fatigue theories. Developing a chassis dynamometer, in accordance the current patents available for workshop practices in a university is essential for providing students with comprehensive training.

Chassis dynamometer Conceptual design Finite element software Power and torque measurement Structural analysis INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS OTRAS

Product development for Eastern Africa: EA-PP1

&

EA-PP2

Berhanu Tadesse Ertiro Aparna Das Yoseph Beyene Dan Makumbi Manje Gowda Suresh L.M. Anani Bruce Walter Chivasa Vijay Chaikam Juan Burgueño Prasanna Boddupalli (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT TESTING DATA MAIZE