Influence of conservation agriculture-based production systems on bacterial diversity and soil quality in rice-wheat-greengram cropping system in eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Anup Das virender kumar Peter Craufurd Andrew Mcdonald Sonam Sherpa (2023, [Artículo])

Introduction: Conservation agriculture (CA) is gaining attention in the South Asia as an environmentally benign and sustainable food production system. The knowledge of the soil bacterial community composition along with other soil properties is essential for evaluating the CA-based management practices for achieving the soil environment sustainability and climate resilience in the rice-wheat-greengram system. The long-term effects of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment (TCE) methods on earthworm population, soil parameters as well as microbial diversity have not been well studied. Methods: Seven treatments (or scenarios) were laid down with the various tillage (wet, dry, or zero-tillage), establishment method (direct-or drill-seeding or transplantation) and residue management practices (mixed with the soil or kept on the soil surface). The soil samples were collected after 7 years of experimentation and analyzed for the soil quality and bacterial diversity to examine the effect of tillage-cum-crop establishment methods. Results and Discussion: Earthworm population (3.6 times), soil organic carbon (11.94%), macro (NPK) (14.50–23.57%) and micronutrients (Mn, and Cu) (13.25 and 29.57%) contents were appreciably higher under CA-based TCE methods than tillage-intensive farming practices. Significantly higher number of OTUs (1,192 ± 50) and Chao1 (1415.65 ± 14.34) values were observed in partial CA-based production system (p ≤ 0.05). Forty-two (42) bacterial phyla were identified across the scenarios, and Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were the most dominant in all the scenarios. The CA-based scenarios harbor a high abundance of Proteobacteria (2–13%), whereas the conventional tillage-based scenarios were dominated by the bacterial phyla Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi and found statistically differed among the scenarios (p ≤ 0.05). Composition of the major phyla, i.e., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were associated differently with either CA or farmers-based tillage management practices. Overall, the present study indicates the importance of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment methods in shaping the bacterial diversity, earthworms population, soil organic carbon, and plant nutrient availability, which are crucial for sustainable agricultural production and resilience in agro-ecosystem.

Metagenomics Bacterial Diversity Rice-Wheat-Greengram CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE DNA SEQUENCES EARTHWORMS METAGENOMICS SOIL QUALITY AGROECOSYSTEMS

Editorial: Genome wide association studies and genomic selection for crop improvement in the era of Big Data

Alison Bentley Charles Chen Nunzio D'Agostino (2022, [Artículo])

Allele Mining High-Throughput Phenotyping Genomic Estimated Breeding Value CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROP IMPROVEMENT DNA CHROMOSOME MAPPING GENETIC LINKAGE GENOMES GENOTYPING GERMINATION HEAT STRESS QUALITY CONTROL SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM TRITICUM AESTIVUM GENETIC DIVERSITY (AS RESOURCE) HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING

Estimation of general and specific combining ability effects for quality protein maize inbred lines

Adefris Teklewold Dagne Wegary Gissa (2022, [Artículo])

General Combining Ability Specific Combining Ability CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA COMBINING ABILITY MAIZE PROTEIN QUALITY INBRED LINES DATA ANALYSIS

Enhancement of plant variety protection and regulation using molecular marker technology

Yunbi Xu Jian Zhang Jiansheng LI (2022, [Artículo])

Plant Variety Protection Distinctness-Uniformity-Stability Essentially Derived Variety Molecular Markers Molecular Diagnostics Genetic Similarity CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENETICS GENETIC MARKERS PLANT BREEDING VARIETIES

EGS planning, production, maintenance of inbred lines and Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)

Fidelis Owino Berhanu Tadesse Ertiro (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA INBRED LINES SEED QUALITY QUALITY CONTROL GENETIC MARKERS

Performance evaluation and identification of highland quality protein maize hybrids in Ethiopia

Adefris Teklewold (2022, [Artículo])

Quality Protein Conventional Maize CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE PROTEIN QUALITY CROSS-BREEDING HYBRIDS

Seasonal patterns in rice and wheat residue burning and surface PM2.5 concentration in northern India

Carlo Montes Tek Sapkota Balwinder-Singh (2022, [Artículo])

Biomass Burning Emission Inventory Active Fires CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AIR QUALITY BIOMASS BURNING EMISSION FIRES

Standard heterosis estimation for quality protein maize hybrids over best released and commercialized hybrids

Adefris Teklewold (2022, [Artículo])

Grain Yield Quality Protein Maize CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROSS-BREEDING INBRED LINES HETEROSIS PROTEIN QUALITY HYBRIDS

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Improve Growth and Fruit Quality of Cucumber under Greenhouse Conditions

GERARDO ZAPATA SIFUENTES Luis Guillermo Hernández Montiel Jorge Sáenz Mata Manuel Fortis Hernández EDUARDO BLANCO CONTRERAS ROBERTO GREGORIO CHIQUITO CONTRERAS Pablo Preciado Rangel (2022, [Artículo])

"Cucumber fruit is rich in fiber, carbohydrates, protein, magnesium, iron, vitamin B, vitamin C, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants. Agrochemical-based production of cucumber has tripled yields; however, excessive synthetic fertilization has caused problems in the accumulation of salts in the soil and has increased production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on cucumber fruit growth and quality under greenhouse conditions. The rhizobacteria Pseudomonas paralactis (KBendo6p7), Sinorhizobium meliloti (KBecto9p6), and Acinetobacter radioresistens (KBendo3p1) was adjusted to 1 × 108 CFU mL−1 . The results indicated that the inoculation with PGPR improved plant height, stem diameter, root length, secondary roots, biomass, fruit size, fruit diameter, and yield, as well as nutraceutical quality and antioxidant capacity, significantly increasing the response of plants inoculated with A. radioresistens and S. meliloti in comparison to the control. In sum, our findings showed the potential functions of the use of beneficial bacteria such as PGPR for crop production to reduce costs, decrease pollution, and achieve world food safety and security."

rhizobacteria, PGPR, nutraceutical quality CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS AGROQUÍMICA REGULADORES DEL CRECIMIENTO DE LAS PLANTAS REGULADORES DEL CRECIMIENTO DE LAS PLANTAS

Análisis a escala atómica de interfases magnéticas con aplicaciones en espintrónica

Atomic scale analysis of magnetic interfases with spintronics applications

Rocio González Díaz (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

La espintrónica es un área de la nanociencia que tiene por cometido el estudio y manipulación del espín de los electrones para el desarrollo y mejoramiento de dispositivos electrónicos. De manera particular, se ha orientado a la búsqueda de materiales para la fabricación de memorias magnéticas de acceso aleatorio (MRAM), diseñadas a partir de uniones túnel magnéticas (MTJ). Dichas uniones son heteroestructuras construidas a partir de un material aislante en cuya capa superior e inferior se dispone un compuesto ferromagnético. Una de las características de estos dispositivos es que presentan una anisotropía magnética perpendicular (PMA) y un efecto de torque por transferencia de espín (STT). Recientemente, un estudio experimental señala que la heteroestructura B2-CoAl/L10-MnAl es un candidato idóneo para la fabricación de MRAM, pues presenta PMA y STT. Sin embargo, en el trabajo experimental no se reporta un análisis de la estabilidad termodinámica de la heteroestructura. Dicho lo anterior, en este trabajo se hizo un estudio de la estabilidad termodinámica y estructural de B2-CoAl/L10-MnAl usando la teoría del funcional de la densidad (DFT). Se propusieron diferentes modelos de interfaz CoAl/MnAl y se determinó a través de un análisis energético cuál es la interfaz más estable. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la interfaz más estable sucede entre la última capa de Al del CoAl y la primera capa de Mn del MnAl. Además, se comprobó un efecto PMA en la heteroestructura B2-CoAl/L10-MnAl y se determinó que este comportamiento se origina esencialmente debido a la naturaleza ferromagnética de MnAl, pues CoAl no presenta características ferromagnéticas.

Spintronics is nanoscience area whose aim is the study and manipulation of electrons spin to development and improvement of electronic devices. In a particular way, the spintronics has focused to search of new materials to fabrication of magnetic random-access memory (MRAM), which are designed from devices call magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). This devices are heterostructures built from an insulating material with a ferromagnetic compound on top and bottom layers and characterized by the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and spin-transfer torque (STT) effects prensent on it. Recently, an experimental study indicates the B2-CoAl/L10-MnAl heterostructure is a suitable candidate for the fabrication of MRAM based on MTJ devices. Nevertheless, the thermodynamic stability of the heteroestructure is not reported in the experimental work. Therefore, in this work a study of the thermodynamic and structural stability of B2-CoAl/L10-MnAl was performed using density functional theory (DFT). Different CoAl/MnAl interface models were proposed and the most stable interface was determined by an energy analysis. The results obtained, indicate that the most stable interface occurs between the last Al layer of CoAl and the first Mn layer of MnAl. In addition, a PMA effect in the B2-CoAl/L10-MnAl heterostructure was demonstrated and it was determined that this behaviour is essentially due to the ferromagnetic nature of MnAl, since CoAl does not present ferromagnetic characteristics.

simulaciones computacionales, interfases magnéticas, estabilidad termodinámica computational simulation, magnetic interfaces, termodinamic stability INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE MATERIALES PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES