Agroecology and systems analysis for sustainable agriculture

Santiago Lopez-Ridaura (2022, [Artículo])

Multi-Criteria Tradeoffs Synergies CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGROECOLOGY INDICATORS SUSTAINABILITY FARMING SYSTEMS

Redes de innovación para el escalamiento de prácticas sustentables: Hubs y la Iniciativa AgriLac Resiliente de OneCGIAR

Jelle Van Loon (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRIFOOD SYSTEMS INNOVATION SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION TRAINING RESEARCH

Training Manual for Two-wheel tractor and ancillary equipment for operators, service providers, extension experts and workshop owners

Rabe Yahaya (2022, [Libro])

Mechanization is a term used to describe tools, implements and machinery applied to improve the productivity of farm land and labour force, including crop processing after harvest. Mechanization covers broadly the entire process of on and off farm operations and mechanization may use either human, animal or motorized power, or a combination of these. In practice, therefore, it involves the provision and use of all forms of power sources and mechanical assistance to agriculture, from simple hand tools to draught animal power and to motorized power technologies. In Ethiopia, smallholder farming experiences high drudgery at all stages of crop husbandry and post-harvest processing. Field operations are performed using human and animal power (Mrema et al., 2008). Smallholder farmers without animal power use a lot of human power on crop husbandry and harvesting operations (Daum et al., 2020). Postharvest threshing and shelling are performed using human power but, in some countries like Ethiopia, farmers use livestock (cattle, donkeys and horses) for wheat, barley and teff threshing (Mohammed and Tadesse, 2018). The use of tractor power is low in Ethiopia and the government aims to increase farm power available to Ethiopian farmers 10 folds (from the current 0.1 Kw ha-1 to 1 kW ha-1 ) by 2025, with at least half of this power is derived from fossil fuel and electric engines. The government of Ethiopia aims to increase farm power using two-wheel tractors on smallholder farms in addition to four-wheel tractors that are already in use. Two-wheel tractors are sources of power designed to perform most field operations. Due to the size of two-wheel tractors, they have become an economic alternative for smallholder farming. In addition, twowheel tractors are also more productive than animal traction and they require less time for attendance and preparation, giving the individual farmer more independence and contact with modern technology. Also, due to their simple design, local manufacturing of two-wheel tractors has been implemented in several countries successfully, increasing employment opportunities in the process.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FARM EQUIPMENT TRACTORS TRAINING SMALLHOLDERS

MLN disease diagnostics, surveillance, MLN disease-free seed production, and MLN disease management

Suresh L.M. (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA DISEASES DISEASE MANAGEMENT SEED PRODUCTION MAIZE NECROSIS YIELD LOSSES ECONOMIC IMPACT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS TRAINING

Appropriate surveillance and diagnostics tools in preventing the spread of Maize Lethal Necrosis (MNL) to Southern Africa

Suresh L.M. (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE DISEASES SEED PRODUCTION MONITORING SYSTEMS TRAINING

Microcréditos y autonomía económica en mujeres de comunidades rurales del sur de Sonora.

CECILIA LORENA VELARDE FLORES (2023, [Tesis de doctorado])

El objetivo de la investigación es determinar si el mecanismo del microcrédito es un esquema viable que posibilita el desarrollo de la autonomía económica en las mujeres del sur de Sonora que recibieron un recurso por parte de Grameen de la Frontera en Sonora con el fin de desarrollar un proyecto productivo.

El microcrédito es una herramienta financiera comúnmente utilizada para mitigar la situación de pobreza de la población vulnerable. El funcionamiento se basa en otorgar pequeñas sumas de dinero en forma de crédito para que, a través de este apoyo condicionado, puedan emprender un micronegocio que les permita generar recursos y autoemplearse. La población objetivo de la mayor parte de estos programas son las mujeres. Estos microcréditos se otorgan con el fin de que las mujeres puedan mejorar sus condiciones de vida, que históricamente han significado una situación de desventaja para ellas. Las microfinancieras buscan que, al colocar el crédito, este ingreso tenga un impacto en la autonomía económica de las mujeres.

En este contexto, se entiende por autonomía económica la capacidad de las mujeres para generar recursos económicos y, además, decidir sobre su uso. Si alguna de estas condiciones no se cumple, no se está desarrollando autonomía. Para identificarla, se construyó un instrumento de medición cuantitativo basado en la propuesta integral del marco analítico para el conocimiento de la pobreza desde un enfoque de género de Tepichin (2016), considerando la dimensión de la autonomía económica y la intersección entre la autonomía física y la toma de decisiones. El cuestionario de autonomía económica se aplicó en 2021, a mujeres que fueron beneficiadas con un microcrédito; posteriormente, se analizaron los datos en el programa estadístico SPSS y a partir de esta información se construyó el índice de autonomía económica. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres que recibieron un microcrédito por parte de la microfinanciera tienen un nivel de autonomía medio-bajo, lo que indica que la capacidad de generar y decidir sobre el recurso, no representan la condición esperada de autonomía económica.

CIENCIAS SOCIALES Pobreza Igualdad Trabajo Mujeres Autonomía económica

Transfers and land demand for housing: Evidence from a municipality in northwestern México

Nicolás Guadalupe Zúñiga Espinoza (2021, [Artículo, Artículo])

Objective: to analyze the destination of conditional transfers (TC) to finance public services on land managed for housing in a municipality in the Northwest of Mexico. Methodology: based on semi-structured interviews, analysis of documents and data consulted in Inegi, Coneval, Inafed, Municipal Governments of Guasave and State of Sinaloa, it was possible to develop this work for the period 2013 to June 2020. Results: the evidence indicates that of the 6.9-hectare surface managed for housing, 50 % of the lots are vacant and in only a part of them there are houses or unfinished constructions (17 %). It is more about an interest in fattening land and taking advantage of financing, with transfers, to introduce free public services such as electricity, water and drainage.

land policies land market transfers housing Políticas de suelo mercado de suelo transferencias vivienda Microeconomía Mercados de suelo CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA; HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

MLN disease diagnostics, MLN disease-free seed production and MLN disease management

Suresh L.M. (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA DISEASES DISEASE MANAGEMENT SEED PRODUCTION MAIZE NECROSIS YIELD LOSSES ECONOMIC IMPACT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS TRAINING

Economic development, transport investment, and urbanization in Mexico: causality and effects

Vicente German-Soto Alexsandra De la Peña Flores Karina García (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

The transport investment is often used as a tool for economic development and urbanization. However, there is still debate about whether transport improvements promote development and urbanization or, conversely, these latter create the conditions that stimulate the transport. In theory, the transport system contributes to development and urbanization because it speeds up the exchange of goods and services, but the effects can also be reversed, so the direction of causality is not so easily identified. This work uses Mexican state information of the 1988-2018 period, grouped as panel, to know both magnitude and direction of the impacts. Methodology consists in cointegration tests and VECM regressions. The results reveal that long-term causality goes from economic development to transport and its subsectors, which means that economic development is a necessary condition to modernize transport in Mexico. For urbanization, the causality and magnitude of the effects vary depending on the transport subsector. The total economy and passenger sector’s investments cause urbanization, but transportation and subsectors of cargo carriers and communications estimate two-way causality. The conclusions suggest that urbanization depends on improvements in transportation and the latter, in turn, on economic development.

Desarrollo regional Transporte Economía urbana Causalidad Modelo VECM CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES Economic development, Granger-Causality, VECM Models, Productivity, Urban Economics

"Donde no hay manantial, no hay ojo de agua, no hay nada"... la comunidad de Pozuelos y su cultura

DANIEL MURILLO LICEA (2005, [Libro])

Tabla de contenido: Agradecimientos -- El camino hacia Pozuelos -- Pozuelos-Pozuelá (donde sale el agua) -- El agua y el cerro Tzontehuitz -- Los Anjeles y sus lugares -- Historias y leyendas -- Las palabras y los rezos.

Agradecimientos -- El camino hacia Pozuelos -- Pozuelos-Pozuelá (donde sale el agua) -- El agua y el cerro Tzontehuitz -- Los Anjeles y sus lugares -- Historias y leyendas -- Las palabras y los rezos.

Religión y cultura Tradición oral Tzotziles CIENCIAS SOCIALES