Coinfection and in vitro interaction of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Pestalotiopsis mangiferae associated with dieback in branches of mango (Mangifera indica) Manila variety, in Veracruz, Mexico

LILIANA EUNICE SAUCEDO PICAZO Luis Guillermo Hernández Montiel NORMA FLORES ESTEVEZ PATRICIA GEREZ FERNANDEZ ANGEL FERNANDO ARGÜELLO ORTIZ JUAN CARLOS NOA CARRAZANA (2022, [Artículo])

"Dieback disease caused by fungal complexes is a severe problem in mango trees (Mangifera indica). Its main symptoms are branch rot, gummosis, and finally, the tree’s death. In this work, the species of the fungal complex causing mango dieback in the Manila variety in Veracruz, Mexico were identified. The in vitro interaction of two species belonging to the complex was evaluated and the severity of the co-infection in mango branches. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Pestalotiopsis mangiferae were identified as causal agents of mango dieback in the producing area of Veracruz. In coinfected mango branches, greater severity of necrosis was observed than in individual infections. Liquid culture filtrates applied in co-cultures showed different results for each species of phytopathogen. The P. mangiferae filtrate had no significant antagonistic effects on the growth of L. pseudotheobromae (inhibition of 2.68%), while the L. pseudotheobromae filtrate inhibited 41.38% of P. mangiferae. The results show that multiple infections in mango trees increase the damage caused by dieback, which could directly impact the development of control strategies."

gummosis, virulence, interaction, fungal complex CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS FITOPATOLOGÍA FITOPATOLOGÍA FITOPATOLOGÍA

Educación del diseño en el futuro. Híbrida, sustentable y especializada

Rubén Sahagún Angulo (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

Las disciplinas del Diseño, como otras, sobre todo en escuelas de las grandes ciudades, deberán ofertar sus carreras a distancia para reducir significativamente los problemas asociados a la movilidad y la segregación socioespacial de sus estudiantes. También deberán revisar sus planes de estudio para verter los temas de la sustentabilidad de manera transversal. Finalmente, las especialidades serán una vía para que los profesionales del Diseño regresen a la Universidad a prepararse, en lugar de ofrecer únicamente maestrías y doctorados que, en su mayoría, son cursados por profesores o investigadores.

Design disciplines, like others, especially in schools in large cities, should offer their degrees online to significantly reduce the problems associated with mobility and socio-spatial segregation of their students. Also, they should review their study plans to cover sustainability issues in a transversal way. Finally, the specialties will be a way for design professionals to return to the University to prepare, instead of only offering master’s and doctoral degrees, which are mostly taken by professors or researchers.

Educación, diseño, híbrida, sustentable y especializada. Education, design, hybrid, sustainable and specialized. Design--Study and teaching, Higher. Sustainable design. Educational change. Distance education. Artes gráficas. Diseño sustentable. Cambio educativo. Educación a Distancia. NK1170 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES

Non-autonomous Ginzburg-Landau solitons using the He-Li mapping method

MAXIMINO PEREZ MALDONADO Haret Codratian Rosu ELIZABETH FLORES GARDUÑO (2022, [Artículo])

"We find and discuss the non-autonomous soliton solutions in the case of variable nonlinearity and dispersion implied by the Ginzburg-Landau equation with variable coefficients. In this work we obtain non-autonomous Ginzburg-Landau solitons from the standard autonomous Ginzburg-Landau soliton solutions using a simplified version of the He-Li mapping. We find soliton pulses of both arbitrary and fixed amplitudes in terms of a function constrained by a single condition involving the nonlinearity and the dispersion of the medium. This is important because it can be used as a tool for the parametric manipulation of these non-autonomous solitons. "

Nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau Equation Non-Autonomous Solitons CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA FÍSICA FÍSICA

Directrices para incrementar el rendimiento de grano en sistemas de cultivos asociados

Jacques Fils Pierre (2022, [Artículo])

Aunque el sistema de cultivo intercalado de la Península de Yucatán se considera amigable con el medio ambiente y juega un papel crucial en la producción de alimentos esenciales para la dieta mexicana, todavía se caracteriza por un bajo rendimiento debido a la competencia inter e intraespecífica (es decir, la disposición espacial de dos o más cultivos cuando se plantan en sistemas intercalados). En este sentido, el enfoque de este trabajo es proporcionar diferentes métodos que se pueden utilizar en sistemas de cultivo intercalado de maíz/leguminosas para reducir la competencia entre especies por los recursos.

AGRICULTURA CULTIVO INTERCALADO FRIJOL MAIZ MILPA XPELON BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Compuestos bioactivos presentes en geopropóleos de Melipona beecheii y su potencial uso en la medicina tradicional

ANGEL DANIEL HERRERA ESPAÑA OMAR ARISTEO PEÑA MORAN ROGER GASPAR CAUICH KUMUL (2023, [Artículo])

El interés actual por estudios con productos naturales, ha llevado a realizar investigaciones con geopropóleos. Este producto natural producido por especies de abejas sin aguijón (meliponinos), resulta de una mezcla de material resinoso vegetal, arcilla y secreciones salivales. Estudios farmacológicos realizados con extractos de geopropóleos de Melipona beecheii, han demostrado sus propiedades anticancerígenas, antimicrobianas y antioxidantes, las cuales se relacionan con la presencia de diversos compuestos bioactivos. Debido a sus propiedades terapéuticas, este producto natural puede ser considerado como una potencial alternativa dentro de la medicina tradicional maya.

ABEJA SIN AGUIJON ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA FENOLES FLAVONOIDES PROPIEDADES TERAPEUTICAS BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) INVERTEBRADOS INVERTEBRADOS

COVID-19 and family participation in school activities.: Teaching experiences around the Learn at Home program

Evangelina Cervantes Holguín Pavel Roel Gutiérrez Sandoval (2022, [Artículo, Artículo])

The article analyzes, from the qualitative method, the participation of families and teaching staff of the first cycle of primary education in the state of Chihuahua (Mexico) to carry out the various activities of the Learn at Home program implemented in March 2020 as a response to the resulting health confinement by COVID-19. It is concluded that the participation of families in school emergency situations implies improving the relationship between teachers, families, and the community in the implementation processes of educational programs with greater support to organize study times, take advantage of the different cultural capitals and promote family co-responsibility.

Aprendizaje Educación a distancia Enseñanza primaria Epidemia Familia COVID-19 Chihuahua HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA Family Elementary education Epidemics Distance education Learning

The spatial control of migrants on the Chihuahua border

EDGAR ABEL CASTRO (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

This article tries to link the immigration policies of the United States and Mexico with the narrative developed by Michel Foucault. It shows how racism is the axis on which the State of biopower exercises its claims and its effects of power on bodies and on life. Thus, the current political rationality goes through the management of the living body of people, their health, and their spatiality. This principle extends to the homicidal function of the State. Two events that occurred on the Chihuahua border demonstrate this.

migrant control Foucault border racism migrante frontera racismo HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Manejo de pasturas para la crianza de llamas

Santiago Lopez-Ridaura Ravi Gopal Singh (2022, [Libro])

Pasturas CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURA DE CONSERVACIÓN GANADERÍA ARBUSTOS LEGUMINOSAS FORRAJES PASTOREO SUELO CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY SHRUBS LEGUMES FORAGE GRAZING SOIL CLIMATE CHANGE LLAMAS AGACHO

High spatial resolution seasonal crop yield forecasting for heterogeneous maize environments in Oromia, Ethiopia

Kindie Tesfaye Vakhtang Shelia Pierre C. Sibiry Traore Dawit Solomon Gerrit Hoogenboom (2023, [Artículo])

Seasonal climate variability determines crop productivity in Ethiopia, where rainfed smallholder farming systems dominate in the agriculture production. Under such conditions, a functional and granular spatial yield forecasting system could provide risk management options for farmers and agricultural and policy experts, leading to greater economic and social benefits under highly variable environmental conditions. Yet, there are currently only a few forecasting systems to support early decision making for smallholder agriculture in developing countries such as Ethiopia. To address this challenge, a study was conducted to evaluate a seasonal crop yield forecast methodology implemented in the CCAFS Regional Agricultural Forecasting Toolbox (CRAFT). CRAFT is a software platform that can run pre-installed crop models and use the Climate Predictability Tool (CPT) to produce probabilistic crop yield forecasts with various lead times. Here we present data inputs, model calibration, evaluation, and yield forecast results, as well as limitations and assumptions made during forecasting maize yield. Simulations were conducted on a 0.083° or ∼ 10 km resolution grid using spatially variable soil, weather, maize hybrids, and crop management data as inputs for the Cropping System Model (CSM) of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT). CRAFT combines gridded crop simulations and a multivariate statistical model to integrate the seasonal climate forecast for the crop yield forecasting. A statistical model was trained using 29 years (1991–2019) data on the Nino-3.4 Sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) as gridded predictors field and simulated maize yields as the predictand. After model calibration the regional aggregated hindcast simulation from 2015 to 2019 performed well (RMSE = 164 kg/ha). The yield forecasts in both the absolute and relative to the normal yield values were conducted for the 2020 season using different predictor fields and lead times from a grid cell to the national level. Yield forecast uncertainties were presented in terms of cumulative probability distributions. With reliable data and rigorous calibration, the study successfully demonstrated CRAFT's ability and applicability in forecasting maize yield for smallholder farming systems. Future studies should re-evaluate and address the importance of the size of agricultural areas while comparing aggregated simulated yields with yield data collected from a fraction of the target area.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROP MODELLING DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FORECASTING MAIZE

Sustainable maize intensification through site-specific nutrient management advice: Experimental evidence from Nigeria

Miet Maertens Oyakhilomen Oyinbo Tahirou Abdoulaye Jordan Chamberlin (2023, [Artículo])

There is growing evidence on the impacts of site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) from Asia. The evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where SSNM developments are more recent and where conditions concerning soil fertility and fertilizer use differ importantly from those in Asia, is extremely scarce. We evaluate a SSNM advisory tool that allows extension agents to generate fertilizer recommendations tailored to the specific situation of an individual farmer’s field, using a three-year randomized controlled trial with 792 smallholder farmers in the maize belt of northern Nigeria. Two treatment arms were implemented: T1 and T2 both provide SSNM information on nutrient use and management, but T2 provides additional information on maize price distributions and the associated variability of expected returns to fertilizer use. We estimate average and heterogenous intent-to-treat effects on agronomic, economic and environmental plot-level outcomes. We find that T1 and T2 lead to substantial increases (up to 116%) in the adoption of good fertilizer management practices and T2 leads to incremental increases (up to 18%) in nutrient application rates, yields and revenues. Both treatments improve low levels of nutrient use efficiency and reduce high levels of greenhouse gas emission intensity, after two years of treatment. Our findings underscore the possibility of a more gradual and sustainable intensification of smallholder agriculture in SSA, as compared with the Asian Green Revolution, through increased fertilizer use accompanied by improved fertilizer management.

Randomized Controlled Trial CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION GREEN REVOLUTION FERTILIZERS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS