Título
Do marine reserves increase prey for California sea lions and Pacific harbor seals?
Autor
ALEJANDRO ARIAS DEL RAZO
Colaborador
Yolanda Schramm Urrutia (Colaborador)
GISELA HECKEL DZIENDZIELEWSKI (Colaborador)
MARIA ANDREA SAENZ-ARROYO DE LOS COBOS (Colaborador)
Arturo Hernández-Velasco (Colaborador)
Leonardo Vazquez-Vera (Colaborador)
Aldo Isaac Carrillo-Muñoz (Colaborador)
Nivel de Acceso
Acceso Abierto
Identificador alterno
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218651
Materias
Article, biodiversity, biomass, climate change, ecosystem resilience, environmental exploitation, fish stock, fishing, marine environment, marine invertebrate, nonhuman, Phoca vitulina, Pinnipedia, prey searching, Zalophus californianus, animal, biom - (SCOPUS) BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA - (CTI) CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA - (CTI) BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) - (CTI) BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) - (CTI)
Resumen o descripción
Community marine reserves are geographical areas closed to fishing activities, implemented and enforced by the same fishermen that fish around them. Their main objective is to recover commercial stocks of fish and invertebrates. While marine reserves have proven successful in many parts of the world, their success near important marine predator colonies, such as the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and the Pacific harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardii), is yet to be analyzed. In response to the concerns expressed by local fishermen about the impact of the presence of pinnipeds on their communities’ marine reserves, we conducted underwater surveys around four islands in the Pacific west of the Baja California Peninsula: two without reserves (Todos Santos and San Roque); one with a recently established reserve (San Jeronimo); and, a fourth with reserves established eight years ago (Natividad). All these islands are subject to similar rates of exploitation by fishing cooperatives with exclusive rights. We estimated fish biomass and biodiversity in the seas around the islands, applying filters for potential California sea lion and harbor seal prey using known species from the literature. Generalized linear mixed models revealed that the age of the reserve has a significant positive effect on fish biomass, while the site (inside or outside of the reserve) did not, with a similar result found for the biomass of the prey of the California sea lion. Fish biodiversity was also higher around Natividad Island, while invertebrate biodiversity was higher around San Roque. These findings indicate that marine reserves increase overall fish diversity and biomass, despite the presence of top predators, even increasing the numbers of their potential prey. Community marine reserves may help to improve the resilience of marine mammals to climate-driven phenomena and maintain a healthy marine ecosystem for the benefit of both pinnipeds and fishermen. © 2019 Arias-Del-Razo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Editor
John A. B. Claydon, Institute of Marine Research, Norway
Fecha de publicación
2019
Tipo de publicación
Artículo
Versión de la publicación
Versión publicada
Recurso de información
Formato
application/pdf
Fuente
PLoS ONE, Vol.14, No.6, Pags. 1-15
Idioma
Inglés
Sugerencia de citación
Arias-Del-Razo A, Schramm Y, Heckel G, Sáenz-Arroyo A, Hernández A, Vázquez L, et al. (2019) Do marine reserves increase prey for California sea lions and Pacific harbor seals? PLoS ONE 14(6): e0218651. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.021865
Repositorio Orígen
Repositorio Institucional CICESE
Descargas
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