Comparison of Different Classifiers and the Majority Voting Rule for the Detection of Plum Fruits in Garden Conditions.

Razieh Pourdarbani Sajad Sabzi Mario Hernández Hernández José Luis Hernández-Hernández Ginés García_Mateos Davood Kalantari José Miguel Molina Martínez (2019, [Artículo])

Color segmentation is one of the most thoroughly studied problems in agricultural applications of remote image capture systems, since it is the key step in several different tasks, such as crop harvesting, site specific spraying, and targeted disease control under natural light. This paper studies and compares five methods to segment plum fruit images under ambient conditions at 12 different light intensities, and an ensemble method combining them. In these methods, several color features in different color spaces are first extracted for each pixel, and then the most e

ective features are selected using a hybrid approach of artificial neural networks and the cultural algorithm (ANN-CA). The features selected among the 38 defined channels were the b* channel of L*a*b*, and the color purity index, C*, from L*C*h. Next, fruit/background segmentation is performed using five classifiers: artificial neural network-imperialist competitive algorithm (ANN-ICA); hybrid artificial neural network-harmony search (ANN-HS); support vector machines (SVM); k nearest neighbors (kNN); and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). In the ensemble method, the final class for each pixel is determined using the majority voting method. The experiments showed that the correct classification rate for the majority voting method excluding LDA was 98.59%, outperforming the results of the constituent methods.

remote sensing in agriculture artificial neural network hybridization environmental conditions majority voting plum segmentation INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE LOS ALIMENTOS

Aplicación de 1-MCP en diferentes ecotipos de ciruela mexicana (Spondias purpurea L.) de México

MARÍA GORETTI TRANSITO DAMASO (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

La ciruela mexicana es un frutal nativo de México, se distribuye en la vertiente del

Pacífico, centro de Veracruz y Península de Yucatán. El árbol de ciruela mexicana

produce frutos de diferentes tamaños, colores y sabores, existe una gran diversidad

que se aprecia tanto en los meses de marzo a junio, como de septiembre a noviembre.

El principal uso de la fruta es en fresco como fruta de temporada, la vida útil de la

ciruela de estación seca no es mayor a 5 d, por lo cual es un frutal que se considera

importante de manera local. Actualmente poco se han desarrollado y evaluado

tecnologías para incrementar la vida útil de este producto hortícola, por lo que en el

presente trabajo se evaluó la respuesta de cinco ecotipos de ciruela mexicana a la

aplicación de 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP), con la finalidad de proponerlo para el

desarrollo del manejo poscosecha adecuado de esta fruta. Durante abril a septiembre

de 2022 se cosecharon frutos de ciruela mexicana procedentes de Guerrero y Morelos.

Los frutos se cosecharon en etapa ½ verde. Los frutos fueron transportados al

Laboratorio de Producción Agrícola de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias en la

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, donde se lavaron y se dejaron secar al

ambiente. Posteriormente se colocaron en cajas de plástico herméticas durante 12 h

y se aplicó 0, 500 y 1000 nL L-1 de 1-MCP, se evaluaron a temperatura ambiente (24.9

± 1 °C; 55.1 ± 6 % HR) y después de 5, 10 y 15 d en almacenamiento a 12 °C. Se

evaluaron los cambios fisicoquímicos y fisiológicos de cada ecotipo. La aplicación de

1-MCP, independiente del tiempo de almacenamiento inhibió y retrasó la velocidad de

respiración y producción de etileno, mantuvo la firmeza y retrasó la pigmentación

característica de cada ecotipo, con poca acción en la concentración de sólidos solubles

totales y acidez titulable, sin efecto claro en compuestos fenólicos, flavonoides y

actividad antioxidante, y sin ningún efecto en la pérdida de masa. El efecto del 1-MCP

permite conservar la fruta a temperatura ambiente hasta 6 u 8 d; la refrigeración a 12

°C potencia la acción del 1-MCP permitiendo conservar hasta 9 a 20 d después de

salir de almacenamiento.

The Mexican plum is a fruit native to Mexico, it is distributed on the Pacific slope, central

Veracruz and Yucatan Peninsula. The Mexican plum tree produces fruits of different

sizes, colors and flavors, there is a great diversity that is appreciated both in the months

of March to June, and from September to November. The main use of the fruit is fresh

as a seasonal fruit, the shelf life of the dry season plum is not more than 5 d, so it is a

fruit tree that is considered important locally. Currently, little technologies have been

developed and evaluated to increase the shelf life of this horticultural product, so in this

work the response of five ecotypes of Mexican plum to the application of 1-

methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was evaluated, in order to propose it for the development

of adequate postharvest management of this fruit. During April to September 2022,

Mexican plum fruits were harvested from Guerrero and Morelos. The fruits were

harvested in stage 1/2 green. The fruits were transported to the Agricultural Production

Laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the Autonomous University of the

State of Morelos, where they were washed and left to dry in the environment.

Subsequently, they were placed in airtight plastic boxes for 12 h and 0, 500 and 1000

nL L-1 of 1-MCP were applied, evaluated at room temperature (24.9 ± 1.1 °C; 55.1 ±

6.2 % RH) and after 5, 10 and 15 d in storage at 12 °C. The physicochemical and

physiological changes of each ecotype were evaluated. The application of 1-MCP,

independent of storage time inhibited and delayed the rate of respiration and production

of ethylene, maintained the firmness and delayed the pigmentation characteristic of

each ecotype, with little action on the concentration of total soluble solids and titratable

acidity, with no clear effect on phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant activity,

and without any effect on mass loss. The effect of 1-MCP allows the fruit to be

preserved at room temperature up to 6 or 8 d; cooling at 12 °C enhances the action of

1-MCP allowing to preserve up to 9 to 20 d after leaving storage

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS Ciruela mexicana, 1-metilciclopropeno, almacenamiento, refrigeración, calidad, poscosecha Mexican plum, 1-methylcyclopropene, storage, refrigeration, quality, postharvest.

Hyperiid amphipods from the Gulf of Ulloa and offshore region, Baja California: The possible role of the gelatinous zooplankton as a transport vector into the coastal shelf waters

Bertha Lavaniegos (2020, [Artículo])

Hyperiid amphipod species from the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California, and the adjacent region (from the shelf break to 200 km offshore) were analyzed to evaluate diversity and abundances. This productive area supports small-scale commercial fisheries, including sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer), California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), abalones, clams, and others. Strong coastal upwelling events were observed during summer seasons of the period 2002-2008 between Punta Eugenia and Punta Abreojos. The upwelling plumes at Punta Abreojos are transported southward in slope waters bordering the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, contributing to the separation of coastal and oceanic regions, and explain differences in amphipod diversity and abundances between both regions. In the offshore region, the most abundant species were Vibilia armata, Lestrigonus schizogeneios, Primno brevidens, and Eupronoe minuta, similar to previous findings in northern regions of Baja California and southern California. However, abundances of these species were lower (10-30 individuals/1000 m3), only reaching 20-50% of abundance levels reported off northern Baja California. In the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, amphipods were virtually absent during 2002, 2003 and 2006. However, during 2004 and 2005, abundances of P. brevidens increased (54 and 20 ind/1000 m3, respectively). Moreover, during the late summer of 2007, abundances of L. schizogeneios, P. brevidens, Lycaea nasuta, Lycaea pulex, and Simorhynchotus antennarius increased considerably (261, 39, 31, 68, 416 ind/1000 m3, respectively), indicating occasional utilization of the coastal shelf by pelagic amphipods. Changes in gelatinous populations (medusae, siphonophores, ctenophores, doliolids, and salps) paralleled changes in hyperiid populations, with highest abundances in 2005-2008 in the coastal shelf. Significant correlations of 17 amphipod species with gelatinous taxa, which are often used as host organisms by hyperiid amphipods, suggest that gelatinous presence enhanced hyperiid abundance and promoted the progression of hyperiid amphipods onto the coastal shelf during parts of the 2002-2008 period. © 2020 Bertha E. Lavaniegos. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

abalone, Amphipoda, article, Baja California, clam, clinical article, Ctenophora, Eugenia, female, fishery, human, human experiment, male, medusa, nonhuman, Panulirus interruptus, plume, summer, zooplankton, Amphipoda, animal, California, ecosystem, CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA