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Autor: Bruno Gerard
Complementary practices supporting conservation agriculture in southern Africa. A review
Frédéric Baudron Peter Setimela Isaiah Nyagumbo Walter Mupangwa Blessing Mhlanga Bruno Gerard (2023)
Conservation agriculture (CA)—the simultaneous application of minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention, and crop diversification—is a key approach to address declining soil fertility and the adverse effects of climate change in southern Africa. Applying the three defining principles of CA alone, however, is often not enough, and complementary practices and enablers are required to make CA systems more functional for smallholder farmers in the short and longer term. Here, we review 11 complementary practices and enablers grouped under six topical areas to highlight their critical need for functional CA systems, namely: (1) appropriate nutrient management to increase productivity and biomass; (2) improved stress-tolerant varieties to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses; (3) judicious use of crop chemicals to surmount pest, diseases, and weed pressure; (4) enhanced groundcover with alternative organic resources or diversification with green manures and agroforestry; (5) increased efficiency of planting and mechanization to reduce labor, facilitate timely planting, and to provide farm power for seeding; and (6) an enabling political environment and more harmonized and innovative extension approaches to streamline and foster CA promotional efforts. We found that (1) all 11 complementary practices and enablers substantially enhance the functioning of CA systems and some (e.g., appropriate nutrient management) are critically needed to close yield gaps; (2) practices and enablers must be tailored to the local farmer contexts; and (3) CA systems should either be implemented in a sequential approach, or initially at a small scale and grow from there, in order to increase feasibility for smallholder farmers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of practices and enablers that are required to improve the productivity, profitability, and feasibility of CA systems. Addressing these in southern Africa is expected to stimulate the adoption of CA by smallholders, with positive outcomes for soil health and resilience to climate change.
Dataset
Alexander Loladze Francelino Rodrigues Cesar Petroli Felix San Vicente Garcia Bruno Gerard Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez Jose Crossa Johannes Martini (2023)
Disease resistance improvement efforts in plant breeding can help to reduce the negative impact of biotic stresses on crop production.Disease resistance can be assessed through a labor-intensive process of assigning visual scores (VS) of susceptibility (or resistance) by specially trained staff. Remote sensing (RS) tools can also be used to measure traits such as vegetation indices that can also be used to assess plant responses to diseases. This dataset contains phenotypic and genotypic data from a two-year evaluation trial of three newly developed biparental populations of maize doubled haploid lines (DH). Data from VS and RS methods for assessing common rust resistance were used in genome wide association study (GWAS) as well as genomic prediction (GP) analyses. A report on the comparison of the results of these analyses is provided in the accompanying article.
Dataset
Ahmed Kayad Francelino Rodrigues Marco Sozzi Francesco Pirotti Francesco Marinello Urs Schulthess Bruno Gerard Marie Weiss (2022)
Artículo
PROSAIL Vegetation Indices Field Variability Digital Farming CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA PRECISION AGRICULTURE MAIZE GRAIN YIELD BIOMASS VEGETATION VEGETATION INDEX
ML JAT Debashis Chakraborty Jagdish Ladha C.M. Parihar Ashim Datta Hari Sankar Nayak Dharamvir Singh Rana Bruno Gerard (2022)
Artículo
Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING
Use of remote sensing for linkage mapping and genomic prediction for common rust resistance in maize
Alexander Loladze Francelino Rodrigues Cesar Petroli Felix San Vicente Garcia Bruno Gerard Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez Jose Crossa Johannes Martini (2024)
Artículo
Common Rust Rp1 Locus CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA RUSTS REMOTE SENSING VEGETATION INDEX MAIZE CHROMOSOME MAPPING
Replication data for: Increased ranking change in wheat breeding under climate change
Wei Xiong Matthew Paul Reynolds Jose Crossa Urs Schulthess Kai Sonder Carlo Montes Nicoletta Addimando Ravi Singh Karim Ammar Bruno Gerard Thomas Payne (2022)
A standard quantitative genetic model was used to examine how genotype-environment interactions have changed over the past decades from four spring wheat trial data sets. The variability of cross interactions for yield from one year to another is explained in more than 70% by climatic factors.
Dataset