Farmers’ perspectives as determinants for adoption of conservation agriculture practices in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Ajay Kumar Mishra ML JAT (2022, [Artículo])

Understanding the farmer's perspective has traditionally been critical to influencing the adoption and out-scaling of CA-based climate-resilient practices. The objective of this study was to investigate the biophysical, socio-economic, and technical constraints in the adoption of CA by farmers in the Western- and Eastern-IGP, i.e., Karnal, Haryana, and Samastipur, Bihar, respectively. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered to 50 households practicing CA in Western- and Eastern-IGP. Smallholder farmers (<2 ha of landholding) in Karnal are 10% and Samastipur 66%. About 46% and 8% of households test soil periodically in Karnal and Samastipur, respectively. Results of PCA suggest economic profitability and soil health as core components from the farmer's motivational perspective in Karnal and Samastipur, respectively. Promotion and scaling up of CA technologies should be targeted per site-specific requirements, emphasizing biophysical resource availability, socio-economic constraints, and future impacts of such technology.

Smallholder Farmers Agents of Change Technology Diffusion Climate-Smart Practices CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SMALLHOLDERS SOCIAL STRUCTURE IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE

Adaptation to current and future climatic risks in agriculture: Maharashtra, India

Paresh Shirsath Anil Pimpale Pramod Aggarwal (2022, [Libro])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA RISK CLIMATE RESILIENCE AGRICULTURE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

Educación del diseño en el futuro. Híbrida, sustentable y especializada

Rubén Sahagún Angulo (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

Las disciplinas del Diseño, como otras, sobre todo en escuelas de las grandes ciudades, deberán ofertar sus carreras a distancia para reducir significativamente los problemas asociados a la movilidad y la segregación socioespacial de sus estudiantes. También deberán revisar sus planes de estudio para verter los temas de la sustentabilidad de manera transversal. Finalmente, las especialidades serán una vía para que los profesionales del Diseño regresen a la Universidad a prepararse, en lugar de ofrecer únicamente maestrías y doctorados que, en su mayoría, son cursados por profesores o investigadores.

Design disciplines, like others, especially in schools in large cities, should offer their degrees online to significantly reduce the problems associated with mobility and socio-spatial segregation of their students. Also, they should review their study plans to cover sustainability issues in a transversal way. Finally, the specialties will be a way for design professionals to return to the University to prepare, instead of only offering master’s and doctoral degrees, which are mostly taken by professors or researchers.

Educación, diseño, híbrida, sustentable y especializada. Education, design, hybrid, sustainable and specialized. Design--Study and teaching, Higher. Sustainable design. Educational change. Distance education. Artes gráficas. Diseño sustentable. Cambio educativo. Educación a Distancia. NK1170 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES

Farmers′ use of climate change adaptation strategies and their impacts on food security in Kenya

Girma Gezmu Gebre Yuichiro Amekawa Asmiro Abeje Fikadu Dil Bahadur Rahut (2023, [Artículo])

Adaptation Strategies Smallholder Farmers CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE FOOD SECURITY SMALLHOLDERS

Agricultura en tiempos de incertidumbre: ¿qué podemos hacer?

Jelle Van Loon (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FOOD SECURITY INFLATION FOOD PRICES AGRIFOOD SYSTEMS CLIMATE CHANGE SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION

Establishment of heterotic groups for hybrid wheat breeding

Yunbi Xu (2022, [Artículo])

Genomic Prediction CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE CROPS FORECASTING PLANTS COMBINING ABILITY HETEROSIS HETEROTIC GROUPS MALE INFERTILITY PLANT HEIGHT WHEAT

The Impact of climate change on global agriculture

Hom Nath Gartaula (2021, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE AGRICULTURE CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE

The fate of rice crop residues and context-dependent greenhouse gas emissions: Model-based insights from Eastern India

Sonam Sherpa virender kumar Andrew Mcdonald (2024, [Artículo])

Crop residue burning is a common practice in many parts of the world that causes air pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Regenerative practices that return residues to the soil offer a ‘no burn’ pathway for addressing air pollution while building soil organic carbon (SOC). Nevertheless, GHG emissions in rice-based agricultural systems are complex and difficult to anticipate, particularly in production contexts with highly variable hydrologic conditions. Here we predict long-term net GHG fluxes for four rice residue management strategies in the context of rice-wheat cropping systems in Eastern India: burning, soil incorporation, livestock fodder, and biochar. Estimations were based on a combination of Tier 1, 2, and 3 modelling approaches, including 100-year DNDC simulations across three representative soil hydrologic categories (i.e., dry, median, and wet). Overall, residue burning resulted in total direct GHG fluxes of 2.5, 6.1, and 8.7 Mg CO2-e in the dry, median, and wet hydrologic categories, respectively. Relative to emissions from burning (positive values indicate an increase) for the same dry to wet hydrologic categories, soil incorporation resulted in a −0.2, 1.8, or 3.1 Mg CO2-e change in emissions whereas use of residues for livestock fodder increased emissions by 2.0, 2.1, or 2.3 Mg CO2-e. Biochar reduced emissions relative to burning by 2.9 Mg CO2-e in all hydrologic categories. This study showed that the production environment has a controlling effect on methane and, therefore, net GHG balance. For example, wetter sites had 2.8–4.0 times greater CH4 emissions, on average, than dry sites when rice residues were returned to the soil. To effectively mitigate burning without undermining climate change mitigation goals, our results suggest that geographically-target approaches should be used in the rice-based systems of Eastern India to incentivize the adoption of regenerative ‘no burn’ residue management practices.

Soil Carbon Rice Residue Burning Life Cycle Assessment CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SOIL CARBON RICE LIFE CYCLE GREENHOUSE GASES CLIMATE CHANGE

Seasonal climate forecasts (SCFs) based risk management strategies: A case study of rainfed rice cultivation in India

Nand Lal Kushwaha Paresh Shirsath Dipaka Ranjan Sena (2022, [Artículo])

FResampler1 Seasonal Climate Forecasts Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS YIELDS RICE RISK MANAGEMENT

Análisis isotópico en plumas del Charrán mínimo (Sternula antillarum) para inferir su ecología trófica

Isotope analysis in feathers of the Least Tern (Sternula antillarum) to infer its trophic ecology

Andehui Danay Morales Flores (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

El análisis isotópico de plumas primarias utilizando las razones isotópicas δ13C y δ15N permitió estimar la amplitud y superposición del nicho trófico de los conjuntos de las colonias reproductivas de adultos y volantones del charrán mínimo. Se infirió la amplitud del nicho por medio del área de la elipse estándar estimada por métodos Bayesianos (SEAB), se encontró que existen diferencias entre el nicho trófico de adultos y volantones, pues los adultos tienen valores de la media SEAB de 16.3‰2 hasta 28.4‰2 y los volantones de 44.8‰2 hasta 75.5‰2, esto podría ser debido a diferencias en cuanto a las presas seleccionadas y la ubicación geográfica de los adultos durante la muda de las primarias. Por otro lado, la superposición del nicho indicó la similitud entre los adultos de diferentes colonias, por lo cual, se consideró que los adultos de algunas colonias podrían compartir un sitio de invernada o bien la temporalidad en la muda de las primarias. Además, se cumplió con el objetivo de caracterizar la variabilidad de las firmas isotópicas de carbono y nitrógeno durante el crecimiento secuencial de las plumas primarias por medio de los modelos aditivos generalizados y se observó la variabilidad entre las primarias utilizando las anomalías respecto a la media local de cada colonia, lo cual permitió diferenciar estrategias de alimentación específicas para ciertos conjuntos y la variabilidad en la dieta. La búsqueda bibliográfica de los sitios potenciales de migración en invierno más los mapas de gradientes isotópicos de δ13C permitió determinar que el Océano Pacífico Oriental Tropical es la región geográfica relacionada con la distribución δ13C en plumas primarias del charrán mínimo y es el sitio más probable de invernada.

The isotopic analysis of primary feathers using the isotopic ratios of δ13C and δ15N allowed the estimation of the breadth and overlap of the trophic niche of adult and fledgling least terns. Niche breadth was inferred through the standard ellipse area (SEAB) estimated by Bayesian methods. We found differences between the trophic niche of adults and fledglings, as adults presented mean SEAB values from 16.3‰2 to 28.4‰2 and fledglings from 44.8‰2 to 75.5‰2. This could be due to differences in the prey selected and the geographical location of the adults during the molt of the primaries. The overlap of these values among adults indicates similarity in prey selection and location between the adults of different colonies. Therefore, it was considered that the adults of some colonies could share a wintering site during the period of molt of the primary feathers. We characterized the variability of carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures during the sequential growth of primary feathers through generalized additive models and the variability between primaries using the anomalies of these signatures and the local mean for each colony. This allowed us to differentiate specific feeding strategies of individual least terns and the variability in their diet. The bibliographic search for potential migration and wintering sites found published maps of δ13C isotopic gradients in the Tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean that correspond to the δ13C distribution in primary feathers of the least tern, indicating a potential wintering area for this species.

isótopos, carbono, nitrógeno, ave marina, ecología trófica isotopes, seabird, nitrogen, carbon, trophic ecology BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL