SOCIO-SPATIAL TRENDS: A GENERAL READING OF PUBLIC SPACE IN HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS

Mariel Organista Camacho Karen Estrella Martínez-Torres Claudia Rivera-Torres (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

Human nature implies social interaction in diverse environments, where public space, seen as an essential mediator, becomes disconnected, impersonal, and deteriorated exterior spaces, coupled with a lack of interest in participation, inclusion, and personal development. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the socio-spatial relationships in public spaces based on the inhabitant perception of two housing developments in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. This study used a mixed methodological approach to collect information by applying the following instruments: a questionnaire on public spaces, a series of in situ and aerial photographs, and field observations. A total of 196 surveys were applied from 2016 to 2019; the morphological, typological, and functional characteristics of the public space were also observed. The results evidenced an imminent need to carry out their daily activities on a smaller scale and intensity within the housing complex with a level of spatial satisfaction within a scale of 6.37/10. In this regard, the inhabitants reported a higher attendance of the public space use in Los Encinos in contrast to Villas (62.6% and 39.3%, respectively), even though the travel times were shorter in Villas. Regarding the public space usefulness, both cases weighted spatial understanding followed by access ease to the housing complex with a Pearson correlation coefficient equal to or greater than 0.47. In this sense, spatial relations showed dispersion, disorganization, and fragmentation from the ephemeral. In contrast, social relations were considered impersonal, hurried, and of convenience, subordinated to the conditions of the environment, being that personal well-being is built from relations with the exterior and with the collective itself.

Baja California Habitability Public space Social Developments Social-espatial relation conjuntos habitacionales, habitabilidad, Baja California, espacio público, relaciones socioespaciales. HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Biodiversidad en las ciudades: el caso de las epífitas vasculares

Demetria Martha Mondragón Chaparro MARTHA PATRICIA MORA FLORES (2022, [Artículo])

Cada vez más hay un reconocimiento del valor de las ciudades como reservorios de biodiversidad. ¿Qué tanto se resguardan las especies?, dependerá del grupo de organismos que se trate; por ello, nos dimos a la tarea de averiguar cuántas especies de epífitas vasculares se encuentran presentes en la ciudad de Oaxaca de Juárez, México, encontrando solo seis especies, todas pertenecientes al género Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae), siendo T. recurvata la más abundante y mejor distribuida dentro de la ciudad. Ahora queda por investigar, que factores pudieran explicar esta baja diversidad.

BROMELIACEAE CONSERVACION OAXACA PLANTAS EPIFITAS BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Congreso IMTA 2014

VÍCTOR JAVIER BOURGUETT ORTÍZ Ariosto Aguilar (2014, [Libro])

En el congreso se presentaron ponencias vinculadas con los proyectos desarrollados en el IMTA en 2014. Algunas de las ponencias fueron: Sistema de captación de agua de lluvia en Cherán, Michoacán -- Diseño de esquemas de remediación de un acuífero granular-fracturado contaminado por cromo -- Plan para el manejo sustentable de la subcuenca Tejalpa en el Nevado de Toluca -- Dictamen técnico, financiero, económico y legal sobre el estado actual de las plantas de tratamiento de agua residual, bajo la operación de Fonatur.

Recursos hídricos Congresos INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

¿Ser o no ser endémica?, esa es la cuestión: el caso de Peperomia cordovana

MARIA GUADALUPE RUIZ GOMEZ JORGE ANTONIO GOMEZ DIAZ CESAR ISIDRO CARVAJAL HERNANDEZ AMPARO ROCIO ACEBEY DAVALOS THORSTEN KROMER (2023, [Artículo])

Las especies endémicas tienen una distribución restringida, lo que conlleva un mayor riesgo de extinción en caso de destrucción de su hábitat. Algunas de estas especies pertenecen a grupos poco conocidos, cuya determinación taxonómica requiere del apoyo de un especialista. Por esta razón, en los herbarios frecuentemente se encuentran ejemplares mal identificados, lo cual causa confusión al definir su distribución geográfica necesaria para establecer estrategias de conservación. Aquí tomamos como ejemplo a la especie Peperomia cordovana, la cual no ha sido considerada endémica de Veracruz, porque había sido registrada para otros estados mexicanos con base en ejemplares identificados erróneamente.

CONSERVACION DISTRIBUCION GEOGRAFICA EJEMPLARES DE HERBARIO ENDEMISMO IDENTIFICACION TAXONOMICA BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) TAXONOMÍA VEGETAL TAXONOMÍA VEGETAL

Sitios Ramsar de la Bahía de La Paz: Amenazas y estrategias para su conservación

Ramsar Sites of La Paz Bay: Threats and strategies for their conservation

Janette Magalli Murillo Jiménez José Juan Pérez Navarro María Concepción Lora Vilchis MARIA DEL ROCIO MARCIN MEDINA LAURA CARREON PALAU Jorge A. Del Angel_Rodríguez Jose Luis Ortiz Galindo Jesús Echevarría Haro (2022, [Artículo])

"En 2017–2018 la Secretaría de Marina del Gobierno de México (SEMAR) realizó actividades de dragado en la Bahía y Ensenada de La Paz, Baja California Sur. Paralelamente ocurrieron afectaciones severas en el sitio Ramsar “Humedales Mogote-Ensenada de La Paz”. Los dragados y el mal manejo de los residuos generaron preocupación ciudadana por el sitio y los organismos que ahí habitan, lo que se manifestó en protestas tanto mediáticas, como legales ante SEMARNAT por algunas organizaciones de la sociedad civil. Esta situación propició la organización de un Foro-Taller realizado el 3 de octubre de 2019, con el fin de evaluar la problemática de los humedales tanto de la Ensenada como de la Bahía de La Paz, ambos incluidos en la Convención Ramsar. El presente trabajo resume los resultados de este evento y refleja la gran preocupación por los sitios Ramsar, tanto de la sociedad civil, como de las diferentes instancias gubernamentales. Estos resultados se integraron en un documento entregado en febrero de 2020 solo a autoridades de SEMARNAT, CONANP y Congreso del Estado de Baja California Sur, previo a la pandemia. Durante el taller se observó una amplia gama de problemas, originados en gran medida por los habitantes y reforzados por el incumplimiento de los compromisos adquiridos por México ante la Convención Ramsar, patente en la desatención de los sitios Ramsar, en particular de los Humedales Mogote-Ensenada de La Paz, donde no hay una normatividad específica que indique la responsabilidad de la gestión de estos ecosistemas. En contraste, el humedal de Balandra cuenta con protección especial al formar parte de una ANP. La conclusión general más importante del evento fue que sólo una sociedad bien organizada, informada de los servicios ambientales que estos sitios proveen, y consciente de su valor como ecosistemas, podrá defender la sustentabilidad de estos sitios."

"In 2017–2018, the Government of Mexico’s Navy Secretariat (SEMAR) carried out dredging activities in Bahía and Ensenada de La Paz, Baja California Sur. In parallel there were severe impacts on the Ramsar site “Humedales Mogote-Ensenada de La Paz”. The dredging and the mis management of the waste generated citizen concern for the site and their inhabiting organisms. Consequently, there were protests that were prosecuted both in the media and legally before SEMARNAT by some non-governmental organizations (ONGs). On October 3, 2019, indignation led to the organization of a Forum-Workshop to assess the problem of wetlands in Bahía and Ensenada de La Paz, included in the Ramsar Convention. Here we present a summary of the Workshop results that reflect the great concern for Ramsar sites, both from civil society, and from different government entities. The results were integrated into a document delivered in February 2020 only to the authorities of SEMARNAT, CONANP and to the Baja California Sur State Congress, because the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic prevented the delivery to all other institutions involved, identified as responsible in the Workshop. Participants observed a wide range of problems in these sites originated largely by residents and reinforced by non-compliance with commitments acquired by Mexico towards the Ramsar Convention, evident in the neglect of the Ramsar sites, in particular the Mogote-Ensenada de La Paz wetlands, where no specific regulation indicates the responsibility of the management of these ecosystems. In contrast, it was observed that the wetland of Balandra has special protection by being part of a Natural Protected Area (ANP, by its acronym in Spanish). The most important general conclusion of this event was that only a we- ll-organized society, informed of the environmental services that these sites provide, and aware of their value as ecosystems, will be able to defend the sustainability of these sites."

Gestión participativa, Dragados, Conservación humedales, Servicios Ecosistémicos, Mortandad delfines CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS CIENCIA FORESTAL CONSERVACIÓN CONSERVACIÓN

Strong floristic distinctiveness across Neotropical successional forests

Catarina Jakovac Jorge Arturo Meave del Castillo Frans Bongers Susan Letcher JUAN MANUEL DUPUY RADA Daniel Piotto Danaë Rozendaal Marielos Peña-Claros Dylan Craven Braulio Santos Alexandre Siminski Alfredo Fantini Alice Cristina Rodrigues Alma Hernandez-Jaramillo Álvaro Idárraga-Piedrahita André Junqueira Angelica Almeyda Zambrano Bernardus de Jong Bruno X. Pinho Bryan Finegan Carolina Castellanos Castro Daisy Christiane Zambiazi Daisy Dent Daniel Hernán Garcia-Villalobos Deborah Kennard Diego Delgado Eben Broadbent Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi Eduardo A. Pérez-García Edwin Lebrija-Trejos Erika Berenguer Erika Marin-Spiotta Esteban Alvarez_Davila EVERARDO VALADARES DE SÁ SAMPAIO Felipe Melo Fernando Elias Filipe França Florian Oberleitner Francisco Mora Ardila G. Bruce Williamson Gabriel Colletta George Cabral Geraldine Derroire Geraldo Fernandes Hans van der Wal Heitor Mancini Teixeira Henricus F.M. Vester Hernando Garcia Ima Vieira Jaider Jiménez-Montoya Jarcilene Almeida Cortez Jefferson Hall Jerome Chave Jess Zimmerman Jhon Edison Nieto Vargas Joice Ferreira JORGE ENRIQUE RODRIGUEZ VELAZQUEZ Jorge Ruiz Jos Barlow Jose Aguilar Cano JOSE LUIS HERNANDEZ STEFANONI Julien Engel Justin Becknell Kátia Janaina Zanini Madelon Lohbeck Marcelo Tabarelli Marco Antonio Romero Romero Maria Uriarte Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso Mário do Espírito Santo Masha van der Sande Michiel van Breugel Miguel Martínez-Ramos Naomi Schwartz Natalia Norden Nathalia Pérez-Cárdenas Noel Antonio González_Valdivia PASCAL PETRONELLI Patricia Balvanera Paulo Massoca Pedro Brancalion Pedro Manuel Villa Peter Hietz Rebecca Ostertag René López Camacho Ricardo Cesar Rita Mesquita Robin Chazdon Rodrigo Muñoz Saara DeWalt Sandra Müller Sandra M Duran Sebastião Martins Susana Ochoa-Gaona Susana Rodriguez-Buritica T. Mitchell Aide Tony Vizcarra Bentos Vanessa de Souza Moreno Laura Vanessa Granda William Thomas Whendee Silver YULE NUNES Lourens Poorter (2022, [Artículo])

Forests that regrow naturally on abandoned fields are important for restoring biodiversity and ecosystem services, but can they also preserve the distinct regional tree floras? Using the floristic composition of 1215 early successional forests (≤20 years) in 75 human-modified landscapes across the Neotropic realm, we identified 14 distinct floristic groups, with a between-group dissimilarity of 0.97. Floristic groups were associated with location, bioregions, soil pH, temperature seasonality, and water availability. Hence, there is large continental-scale variation in the species composition of early successional forests, which is mainly associated with biogeographic and environmental factors but not with human disturbance indicators. This floristic distinctiveness is partially driven by regionally restricted species belonging to widespread genera. Early secondary forests contribute therefore to restoring and conserving the distinctiveness of bioregions across the Neotropical realm, and forest restoration initiatives should use local species to assure that these distinct floras are maintained. Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved.

CONSERVATION ECOSYSTEMS FORESTRY BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Spatial phylogenetics in Hechtioideae (Bromeliaceae) reveals recent diversification and dispersal

La filogenética espacial de Hechtioideae (Bromeliaceae) revela diversificación y dispersión reciente

Ricardo Rivera Martinez Ivón Mercedes Ramírez Morillo José Arturo de Nova Vázquez GERMAN CARNEVALI FERNANDEZ CONCHA Juan Pablo Pinzón Katya J. Romero-Soler NESTOR EDUARDO RAIGOZA FLORES (2022, [Artículo])

Background: Hechtioideae is a group of Bromeliaceae that is distributed in Megamexico III. In recent years, evolutionary relationships within this lineage have been studied; however, the biogeography of these plants have not yet been explored from a phylogenetic framework. The integration of geographic and phylogenetic information in the evolutionary study of organisms has facilitated the identification of patterns, as well as the exploration of new hypotheses that allow for the understanding the processes that have influenced the evolutionary history of lineages. Questions and/or Hypotheses: What is the biogeographic history of this lineage? How Hechtioideae has diversified over time? Results: The Neotropical region has the highest species richness of Hechtioideae and the Mexican Transition Zone is the area with the greatest phylogenetic diversity. This lineage presented its highest diversification rate during the late Miocene and Pleistocene (6.5-1 Ma). The ancestral area of the group corresponds to the Neotropical region and the Mexican Transition Zone. In addition, Hechtioideae spread across its current ranges through multiple dispersal events associated with climatic and geological events during the last 10 Ma. Conclusions: Hechtioideae is a group of recent origin whose evolutionary history has been strongly influenced by geological and climatic events over the past 10 Ma, such as the glacial and interglacial periods of the Pleistocene and the great tectonic and volcanic activity that led to the formation of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. © 2022 Sociedad Botanica de Mexico, A.C. All rights reserved.

ANCESTRAL AREA RECONSTRUCTION BIOGEOGRAPHY CONSERVATION DISTRIBUTION PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Chapter 7. The climate–security nexus Securing resilient livelihoods through early warning systems and adaptive safety nets

Peter Läderach Paresh Shirsath Steven Prager (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE CONFLICTS VULNERABILITY EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS

¿Dónde se producen los aceites esenciales en las plantas aromáticas?

DANIELA ALEJANDRA MARTINEZ NATAREN MARIA TERESA CASTILLO BURGUETE MARIANA CHAVEZ PESQUEIRA Luz María del Carmen Calvo Irabien (2023, [Artículo])

El aroma de las plantas que tanto nos deleita y transporta a un sinfín de sensaciones, se debe a la presencia de compuestos químicos altamente volátiles. Estos compuestos los podemos oler porque una vez liberados, como cuando frotamos con nuestros dedos la hoja de alguna especia, se difunden fácilmente en el aire por la alta presión de vapor que poseen. En las plantas aromáticas, existen unas glándulas epidérmicas que son las encargadas de producir y almacenar los compuestos volátiles. Sin embargo, estas estructuras son tan diminutas que son casi imperceptibles a simple vista. Por lo tanto, invitamos a conocer muy de cerca las formas, tamaños y funciones que poseen estas asombrosas glándulas.

COMPUESTOS VOLATILES CONDIMENTOS LAMIACEAE TRICOMAS GLANDULARES VERBENACEAE BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Near-real-time welfare and livelihood impacts of an active war: Evidence from Ethiopia

Kibrom  Abay Guush Berhane Jordan Chamberlin Mehari Hiluf Abay (2023, [Artículo])

Ethiopia recently experienced a large-scale war that lasted for more than two years. Using unique High-Frequency Phone Survey (HFPS) data, which span several months before and after the outbreak of the war, this paper provides evidence on the immediate impacts of the conflict on households’ food security. We also assess potential mechanisms and evaluate impacts on proximate outcomes, including on livelihood activities and access to food markets. We use difference-in-differences and two-way fixed effects estimation to compare trends across affected and unaffected regions (households) and before and after the outbreak of the war. Seven months into the conflict, we find that the war was associated with a 37 percentage points increase in the probability of moderate to severe food insecurity. Using the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED), we show that exposure to an additional battle leads to a 1 percentage point increase in the probability of moderate or severe food insecurity. The conflict was associated with significant reduction in access to food through supply chain disruptions and by curtailing non-farm livelihood activities. Non-farm and wage related activities were affected the most, whereas farming activities were relatively more resilient. Our estimates, which likely underestimate the true average effects on the population, constitute novel evidence on the near-real-time impacts of large-scale conflict. Our work highlights the potential of HFPS to monitor active and large-scale conflicts, especially in contexts where conventional data sources are not immediately available.

Phone Surveys CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WAR CONFLICTS FOOD SECURITY LIVELIHOODS