Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and severe male reproductive organ impairment (Germinal Epithelial Loss): Study on a mouse model and on human patients

URIEL ALEJANDRO LOPEZ LEMUS RAQUEL GARZA GUAJARDO ORALIA BARBOZA QUINTANA ALEJANDRINA RODRIGUEZ HERNANDEZ José Guzmán Esquivel ALEJANDRO GARCÍA RIVERA VIOLETA M. MADRIGAL PÉREZ LAURA ELVIRA GARCÍA LABASTIDA ALEJANDRO DAVID SORIANO HERNANDEZ MARGARITA DE LA LUZ MARTINEZ FIERRO IRAM PABLO RODRIGUEZ SANCHEZ ELIZABETH SANCHEZ DUARTE ARIANA CABRERA LICONA GABRIEL CEJA ESPIRITU IVAN DELGADO ENCISO (2018, [Artículo])

Metabolic syndrome (MS) has been associated with testicular damage. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystemic disease that affects different organs, but its effect on the testes is unknown. A study analyzing germ cell involvement on BALB/c mice was carried out. A parallel comparative study was conducted that investigated alterations in the germinal epithelium of male humans that died from an unrelated acute event. The complete medical histories and histologic samples of the thoracic aorta, liver tissue, and testicular tissue from the deceased subjects were collected. The degree of germinal epithelial loss (DGEL) was evaluated and the clinical and histologic data were compared between individuals with and without NAFLD. The only metabolic or morphologic variable that caused a significant difference in the DGEL, in both the animal model and humans, was the presence of liver steatosis. The percentage of steatosis was also correlated with the percentage of the DGEL. In humans, steatosis (greater than 20%) increased the risk 12-fold for presenting with a severe DGEL (OR: 12.5; 95% CI [1.2, 128.9]; p = .03). There was no association with age above 50 years or MS components. Steatosis grade was also correlated with atherosclerosis grade. NAFLD was a strongly associated factor implicated in severe DGEL, as well as the testis was identified as a probable target organ for damage caused by the disease. his finding could result in the search for new approach strategies in the management of men with fertility problems. Further studies are required to confirm these results.

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD Germ cells Atherosclerosis Testis Metabolic syndrome

Cómo ser inmune a tus propios venenos: las lecciones del metabolismo secundario de las plantas

FRAY MARTIN BAAS ESPINOLA (2022, [Artículo])

Las plantas cuentan con metabolitos secundarios que participan en la defensa química contra patógenos y herbívoros e influyen negativamente en otros organismos. Estas interacciones pueden actuar sobre la base de ejercer un efecto tóxico, interrumpiendo funciones importantes para el desarrollo celular, como el metabolismo del ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) y las proteínas del ciclo celular. Pero, ¿son los metabolitos secundarios tóxicos para el mismo organismo que los produce?, sobre todo teniendo en cuenta que la vida se sustenta en bases bioquímicas y metabólicas comunes a todos los seres vivos. Este artículo trata sobre las estrategias metabólicas que usan las plantas para esquivar los efectos tóxicos de sus propios «venenos».

FITOQUIMICA MECANISMOS DE RESISTENCIA A LA TOXICIDAD REGULACION METABOLICA BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Production vulnerability to wheat blast disease under climate change

Diego Pequeno Jose Mauricio Fernandes Pawan Singh Willingthon Pavan Kai Sonder Richard Robertson Timothy Joseph Krupnik Olaf Erenstein Senthold Asseng (2024, [Artículo])

Wheat Blast Tropical Regions CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT PLANT DISEASES CLIMATE CHANGE PRODUCTION

Occurrence and Distribution of Physiological Races of Exserohilum turcicum in Maize Growing Regions of Mexico

Alexander Loladze Mateo Vargas Hernández amos Alakonya (2022, [Artículo])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SETOSPHAERIA TURCICA MAIZE FOLIAR DISEASES PHYSIOLOGICAL RACES

Mining alleles for tar spot complex resistance from CIMMYT's maize Germplasm Bank

Martha Willcox Juan Burgueño Daniel Jeffers Zakaria Kehel Rosemary Shrestha Kelly Swarts Edward Buckler Sarah Hearne Charles Chen (2022, [Artículo])

Maize Landraces Maize Genetic Resources Allelic Diversity Rare Alleles Phenotypic Characterization Tropical Maize Phyllachora maydis CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE LANDRACES GENETIC RESOURCES ALLELES FOLIAR DISEASES CLIMATE CHANGE

Cloning of the broadly effective wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr42 transferred from Aegilops tauschii

Guifang Lin Hui Chen Bin Tian Sunish Sehgal Jingzhong Xie Philomin Juliana Narinder Singh Sandesh Kumar Shrestha Ravi Singh Harold Trick Jesse Poland Robert Bowden guihua bai bikram gill (2022, [Artículo])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ALLELES CLONES GENE EXPRESSION GRASSES MUTATION RUSTS WHEAT BASIDIOMYCOTA DISEASE RESISTANCE GENETICS MOLECULAR CLONING PLANT BREEDING PLANT DISEASES

Heterologous expression of the Haynaldia villosa pattern-recognition receptor CERK1-V in wheat increases resistance to three fungal diseases

Xu Zhang Jian Hua Ravi Singh (2022, [Artículo])

LysM PRR Haynaldia villosa CERK1-V CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FUNGAL DISEASES DASYPYRUM VILLOSUM WHEAT DISEASE RESISTANCE

Highlights of the 2023 Southern Africa regional trials coordinated by CIMMYT

Xavier Mhike (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA HYBRIDS SELECTION MAIZE FOLIAR DISEASES DROUGHT STRESS

Phenotyping for Disease Resistance to increase genetic gains

Suresh L.M. (2022, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE PLANT DISEASES DISEASE RESISTANCE PHENOTYPES

Using an incomplete block design to allocate lines to environments improves sparse genome-based prediction in plant breeding

Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez ABELARDO MONTESINOS LOPEZ RICARDO ACOSTA DIAZ Rajeev Varshney Jose Crossa ALISON BENTLEY (2022, [Artículo])

Genomic selection (GS) is a predictive methodology that trains statistical machine-learning models with a reference population that is used to perform genome-enabled predictions of new lines. In plant breeding, it has the potential to increase the speed and reduce the cost of selection. However, to optimize resources, sparse testing methods have been proposed. A common approach is to guarantee a proportion of nonoverlapping and overlapping lines allocated randomly in locations, that is, lines appearing in some locations but not in all. In this study we propose using incomplete block designs (IBD), principally, for the allocation of lines to locations in such a way that not all lines are observed in all locations. We compare this allocation with a random allocation of lines to locations guaranteeing that the lines are allocated to

the same number of locations as under the IBD design. We implemented this benchmarking on several crop data sets under the Bayesian genomic best linear unbiased predictor (GBLUP) model, finding that allocation under the principle of IBD outperformed random allocation by between 1.4% and 26.5% across locations, traits, and data sets in terms of mean square error. Although a wide range of performance improvements were observed, our results provide evidence that using IBD for the allocation of lines to locations can help improve predictive performance compared with random allocation. This has the potential to be applied to large-scale plant breeding programs.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA Bayes Theorem Genome Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Models, Genetic Plant Breeding