Audiometría automatizada mediante visión computacional

Automated audiometry througt computer vision

Fernando Serrano Monroy (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

La pérdida de audición se refiere a la disminución de la capacidad auditiva, éste es un proceso progresivo e irreversible, en el que la mayoría de las ocasiones el individuo que presenta pérdida no se da cuenta de su evolución hasta que el proceso se encuentra avanzado. Dado que la audición es la vía principal a través de la cual se desarrolla el lenguaje y el habla, se debe tener presente que cualquier trastorno en la percepción auditiva de un individuo en edades tempranas, afectará su desarrollo lingüístico y comunicativo, sus procesos cognitivos y consecuentemente su posterior integración escolar, social y laboral. Todas estas consideraciones explican la necesidad de detectar este problema en sus comienzos, incluso antes de que el individuo se percate de que existe. La audiometría es una exploración del sistema auditivo, en la cual se mide la capacidad del oído humano de percibir sonidos. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es el diseño y desarrollo de un audiómetro automatizado, que con el reconocimiento de imágenes pueda interpretar la respuesta de la persona al realizar evaluación audiometría, Para ello, se desarrolló un sistema de visión computacional. Se presentan algunos beneficios del audiómetro digital, tales como la realización de pruebas de manera estandarizada para cada persona, la facilidad de almacenamiento de los resultados en formato digital, y la ampliación del acceso a las pruebas auditivas en lugares remotas.

Hearing loss refers to the decrease in auditory capacity, which is a progressive and irreversible process. In most cases, individuals with hearing loss are unaware of its progression until it has advanced. Since hearing is the main pathway through which language and speech development, it is essential to consider that any impairment in auditory perception during the early stages of life will affect linguistic and communicative development, cognitive processes, and subsequently, their educational, social, and occupational integration. All these considerations highlight the need to detect this problem early on, even before the individual becomes aware of its existence. Audiometry examines the auditory system that measures the human ear’s ability to perceive sounds. The main objective of this thesis is the design and development of an automated audiometer that, through image recognition, can interpret a person’s response during audiological evaluations. To achieve this, a computer vision system was developed. Some benefits of the digital audiometer are highlighted, such as conducting standardized tests for each individual, ease of storing results in digital format, and expanding access to auditory tests in remote locations.

audición, audiometría tonal, visión computacional, reconocimiento de patrones, salud auditiva hearing, tonal audiometry, computer vision, pattern recognition, hearing health INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA MÉDICA OTRAS OTRAS

Propuesta de mejora para la integración del equipo de salud en el código azul en áreas críticas adulto

DANIEL GARCIA NAVARRETE (2023, [Otro, Trabajo terminal, especialidad])

La presente investigación se realizará en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención de la ciudad de Cuernavaca, el código azul es un sistema de alarma que existe en la mayoría de los hospitales, está conformado por un equipo multidisciplinario de salud que se encuentra capacitado y es convocado de manera inmediata con funciones previamente asignadas para poder intervenir de forma oportuna, eficaz y con calidad a pacientes en paro cardiopulmonar. Este trabajo de investigación propone la integración del equipo de salud en código azul.

Se menciona como fue la historia de la formación de los grupos de reanimación cardiopulmonar y la organización del código azul; fue el primer modelo de estos sistemas y ha demostrado un impacto positivo en la morbimortalidad de los pacientes, la conexión de la teórica Patricia Benner de principiante a experto, se describe como se vive un código azul en el área hospitalaria, la necesidad de estructurar tarjetas que identifique que rol tiene cada uno de los integrantes del código azul, el personal de salud tiene que tener capacidad de reconocer la emergencia del evento, realizando oportunamente las intervenciones del código azul. Metodología adecuada para esta investigación: se decidió un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, longitudinal, observacional, cuasiexperimental y de intervención educativa, será dirigido a todo profesional de salud; área médica, enfermería, camilleros, residentes, pasantes y estudiantes de ambas profesiones de los diferentes turnos que laboran en las áreas críticas del hospital. Se pretende aplicar dos instrumentos de evaluación diagnóstica y de habilidades previo a la capacitación curso- taller con la finalidad de fortalecer los conocimientos y habilidades y posteriormente aplicar los mismos instrumentos de evaluación final. Se implementará un pizarrón en cada servicio, donde describa el rol de la actividad que tendrá cada integrante que conforme el equipo de código azul, así mismo se proporcionará el manual de procedimientos de código azul, guía de práctica clínica impresa que se ubicaran en un lugar estratégico para su consulta y gafetes que describa la función que le corresponde a cada uno de los miembros.

This research will be carried out in a second level care hospital in the city of Cuernavaca. The code blue is an alarm system that exists in most hospitals; it is made up of a multidisciplinary health team that is trained and immediately summoned with previously assigned functions in order to intervene in a timely, effective and quality manner in patients in cardiopulmonary arrest. This research work proposes the integration of the health team in code blue.

It mentions the history of the formation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation groups and the organization of the code blue; it was the first model of these systems and has shown a positive impact on patient morbidity and mortality, the connection of the theorist Patricia Benner from beginner to expert, it describes how a code blue is experienced in the hospital area, the need to structure cards that identify the role of each of the members of the code blue, the health personnel must have the ability to recognize the emergency event, performing timely interventions of the code blue. Appropriate methodology for this research: a quantitative, longitudinal, observational, quasi-experimental, quasi-experimental and educational intervention study was decided, and it will be directed to all health professionals; medical area, nursing, orderlies, residents, interns and students of both professions of the different shifts that work in the critical areas of the hospital. It is intended to apply two diagnostic and skills evaluation instruments prior to the training course-workshop in order to strengthen knowledge and skills and then apply the same instruments for the final evaluation. A blackboard will be implemented in each service, describing the role of the activity that each member of the code blue team will have, as well as the code blue procedure manual, printed clinical practice guide that will be placed in a strategic place for consultation and badges that describe the function that corresponds to each of the members.

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS código azul, integración, equipos de respuesta rápida, personal de salud, paro cardiopulmonar. code blue, integration, rapid response teams, health personnel, cardiopulmonary arrest.

User manual: How to use Agvisely to generate climate service advisories for livestock in Bangladesh

T.S Amjath-Babu Timothy Joseph Krupnik (2023, [Libro])

The Agvisely digital service for livestock integrates location-specific meteorological forecasts generated by the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) with species specific biological thresholds for weather variables (Temperature, rainfall, and temperature-humidity index (THI). When a biological threshold is to be breached in next five days' forecast, the system automatically generates location-specific management advice for livestock farmers. Advisories are based on a decision tree developed by the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) and CIMMYT. Agvisely is a smart phone app and web-based service developed by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) CIMMYT with the support of USAID, securing the Food Systems of Asian Mega- Deltas (AMD) for Climate and Livelihood Resilience and the Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia (TAFSSA) initiatives in collaboration with Bangladesh Dept. of Agricultural Extension (DAE) and Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD).

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE SERVICES LIVESTOCK DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY

Calibrated multi-model ensemble seasonal prediction of Bangladesh summer monsoon rainfall

Nachiketa Acharya Carlo Montes Timothy Joseph Krupnik (2023, [Artículo])

Bangladesh summer monsoon rainfall (BSMR), typically from June through September (JJAS), represents the main source of water for multiple sectors. However, its high spatial and interannual variability makes the seasonal prediction of BSMR crucial for building resilience to natural disasters and for food security in a climate-risk-prone country. This study describes the development and implementation of an objective system for the seasonal forecasting of BSMR, recently adopted by the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). The approach is based on the use of a calibrated multi-model ensemble (CMME) of seven state-of-the-art general circulation models (GCMs) from the North American Multi-Model Ensemble project. The lead-1 (initial conditions of May for forecasting JJAS total rainfall) hindcasts (spanning 1982–2010) and forecasts (spanning 2011–2018) of seasonal total rainfall for the JJAS season from these seven GCMs were used. A canonical correlation analysis (CCA) regression is used to calibrate the raw GCMs outputs against observations, which are then combined with equal weight to generate final CMME predictions. Results show, compared to individual calibrated GCMs and uncalibrated MME, that the CCA-based calibration generates significant improvements over individual raw GCM in terms of the magnitude of systematic errors, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and generalised discrimination scores over most of Bangladesh areas, especially in the northern part of the country. Since October 2019, the BMD has been issuing real-time seasonal rainfall forecasts using this new forecast system.

Multi-Model Ensemble Seasonal Forecasting CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE SERVICES FORECASTING MONSOONS

Do provisioning ecosystem services change along gradients of increasing agricultural production?

Ronju Ahammad Stephanie Tomscha Sarah Gergel Frédéric Baudron Jean-Yves Duriaux Chavarría Samson Foli Dominic Rowland Josh Van Vianen Terence Sunderland (2024, [Artículo])

Context: Increasing agricultural production shapes the flow of ecosystem services (ES), including provisioning services that support the livelihoods and nutrition of people in tropical developing countries. Although our broad understanding of the social-ecological consequences of agricultural intensification is growing, how it impacts provisioning ES is still unknown. Objectives: We examined the household use of provisioning ES across a gradient of increasing agricultural production in seven tropical countries (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia). We answered two overarching questions: (1) does the use of provisioning ES differ along gradients of agriculture production ranging from zones of subsistence to moderate and to high agriculture production? and (2) are there synergies and/or trade-offs within and among groups of ES within these zones? Methods: Using structured surveys, we asked 1900 households about their assets, livestock, crops, and collection of forest products. These questions allowed us to assess the number of provisioning ES households used, and whether the ES used are functionally substitutable (i.e., used similarly for nutrition, material, and energy). Finally, we explored synergies and trade-offs among household use of provisioning ES. Results: As agricultural production increased, provisioning ES declined both in total number and in different functional groups used. We found more severe decreases in ES for relatively poorer households. Within the functional groups of ES, synergistic relationships were more often found than trade-offs in all zones, including significant synergies among livestock products (dairy, eggs, meat) and fruits. Conclusions: Considering landscape context provides opportunities to enhance synergies among provisioning services for households, supporting resilient food systems and human well-being.

Agricultural Production Zones Agricultural Intensifcation Synergies and Trade-Offs Landscape Multifunctionality Social-Ecological Systems CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LANDSCAPE SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

Economic valuation of climate induced losses to aquaculture for evaluating climate information services in Bangladesh

Peerzadi Rumana Hossain T.S Amjath-Babu Timothy Joseph Krupnik (2023, [Artículo])

Very little research has focused on climate impacts on aquaculture and the potential of climate information services (CIS) for aquaculture to support sustainable development goals 2030 (SDGs)1. This study represents an effort to bridge this gap by conducting a first ex-ante economic evaluation of CIS for aquaculture in Bangladesh by semi-automating the extraction of data on climate-induced fish losses during 2011 to 2021 from popular online newspaper articles and corroborating them with available government and satellite datasets. During this period, Bangladesh faced an estimated loss of around 140 million USD for hatcheries, open water fish and shrimp. When validated with a year of country-wide official data on climate-induced economic losses to aquaculture, the damage reported from these media sources is approximately 10 percent of actual losses. Given this rule of thumb, the potential economic value of aquacultural CIS could be up to USD14 million a year, if 10 percent of the damage can be offset by appropriate services through a range of multi-sector efforts to establish and extend these services to farmers at scale.

Climate Information Services Newspaper Scraping CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA LOSSES AQUACULTURE CLIMATE SERVICES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Movilidad inclusiva, divergencia intrínseca

VICTOR MANUEL COLLANTES VAZQUEZ (2019, [Capítulo de libro])

10 páginas.

Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Unidad Azcapotzalco.

En estos tiempos, hablar de diseño, innovación y su influencia en la vida cotidiana es un tema cada día más necesarios. Distintas tendencias se están manifestando en relación a la participación de las tecnologías de la información, accesibilidad movilidad. El tema de este trabajo está relacionado con el desarrollo inclusivo, entendiendo a la discapacidad para caminar como un reto para lo que representa el avanzar hacia una sociedad que considere la totalidad de los habitantes. El caso de estudio es la Alcaldía de Azcapotzalco. Se presenta la experiencia de abordar el tema desde diferentes metodologías que han sido consideradas para enriquecer la investigación y se expresa el aprendizaje a través del reto de estudiar una diversidad de subtemas.

Discapacidad, movilidad, diseño, envejecimiento. Accessible Web sites for people with disabilities. Customer services--Management. Social justice. Accesibilidad de páginas Web a personas con discapacidad. Acceso para personas con discapacidad. HV1568.4 INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE LOS ORDENADORES DISEÑO CON AYUDA DE ORDENADOR