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The potential of UAV and very high-resolution satellite imagery for yellow and stem rust detection and phenotyping in Ethiopia

Gerald Blasch David Hodson Francelino Rodrigues (2023, [Artículo])

Very high (spatial and temporal) resolution satellite (VHRS) and high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery provides the opportunity to develop new crop disease detection methods at early growth stages with utility for early warning systems. The capability of multispectral UAV, SkySat and Pleiades imagery as a high throughput phenotyping (HTP) and rapid disease detection tool for wheat rusts is assessed. In a randomized trial with and without fungicide control, six bread wheat varieties with differing rust resistance were monitored using UAV and VHRS. In total, 18 spectral features served as predictors for stem and yellow rust disease progression and associated yield loss. Several spectral features demonstrated strong predictive power for the detection of combined wheat rust diseases and the estimation of varieties’ response to disease stress and grain yield. Visible spectral (VIS) bands (Green, Red) were more useful at booting, shifting to VIS–NIR (near-infrared) vegetation indices (e.g., NDVI, RVI) at heading. The top-performing spectral features for disease progression and grain yield were the Red band and UAV-derived RVI and NDVI. Our findings provide valuable insight into the upscaling capability of multispectral sensors for disease detection, demonstrating the possibility of upscaling disease detection from plot to regional scales at early growth stages.

Very High Resolution Imagery Disease Detection Methods Early Growth Stages CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES STEM RUST PHENOTYPING HIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPING WHEAT

Systematic Literature Review on Smart Specialization: Future Prospects and Opportunities

Beatriz Rosas Michael Demmler (2023, [Artículo])

"Smart specialisation (SS) has been the new cohesion policy in the European Union during the last two periods. The present study aims to analyse the most relevant existing state-of-the-art literature on smart specialisation through a systematic and bibliometric review. Using the Web of Science bibliographic database, we analysed the content of 207 articles under the TCCM methodology and constructed a network of citations in order to summarize theories, characteristics, context and methods presented in existing studies on the topic. Our results show the theoretical and methodological gaps of the past, such as Entrepreneurial Discovery Process and SS indicators. These remain to the present day. The context analysis showed that the scope of smart specialisation extended beyond the frontiers of the European Union, given how it has been adopted by other countries as well. These results suggest the importance of developing a more robust theoretical, conceptual and methodological framework. Consequently, the guides need to be more accurate and should be continuously updated. Our results are valuable for the EDP actors and have policymaking implications".

Especialización inteligente Estrategias de innovación regional Revisión de literatura sistemática Métodos de especialización inteligente Smart specialization Smart specialization methods CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

Pablo Palacio en la vanguardia

ANTONIO VLADIMIRO RIVAS ITURRALDE (2019, [Artículo])

Artículo número 9 de la Sección Tema. 14 páginas. tyvllii

Pablo Palacio (Loja, Ecuador, 1906-1947) es uno de los grandes escritores de la vanguardia en Hispanoamérica. Poco conocido hace años, las ediciones de su obra y los estudios sobre ella han ido creciendo en forma exponencial desde la década del 70. En medio del realismo social de la narrativa ecuatoriana y latinoamericana de los años veinte y treinta, Palacio se atrevió a crear una narrativa ambigua, diferente, de gran audacia formal, vanguardista. Descubrió por su propia cuenta el monólogo interior y escribió quizás la primera novela collage de la literatura hispanoamericana. Reivindicado, entre otros, por críticos como Jorge Ruffinelli, Antonio Cornejo Polar, José Miguel Oviedo y Julio Ortega, ha merecido ya la edición crítica de Archivos del Fondo en colaboración con la unesco.

Pablo Palacio (Loja, Ecuador, 1906-1947) is one of the great vanguardist writers of Latin America. Although little known a few years ago, his popularity has increased because of the growing editions of his works and the numerous studies dedicated to him. During the period of the social realism, Palacio dared a different, ambiguous, formally audacious, and vanguardist narrative. He discovered by his own the inner monologue and wrote the first collage novel in Latin American literature. Many foremost critics have vindicated his work, such as Jorge Ruffinelli, Antonio Cornejo Polar, José Miguel Oviedo and Julio Ortega, among others, and has been edited critically by Archivos del Fondo in collaboration with the UNESCO.

Cuento, novela, vanguardia, ambigüedad, audacia formal, monólogo interior, novela collage. Short story, novel, vanguard, ambiguity, formal experiment, inner monologue, collage novel. HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA LITERARIAS