Necessity as a driver in bending agricultural gender norms in the Eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia

Pragya Timsina Emma Karki Brendan Brown (2023, [Artículo])

The majority of the farmers in the rural Global South continue to depend directly or indirectly on agriculture for their livelihoods. Despite the fact that women account for almost half of the world's farmers, they face gender-specific challenges such as deeply rooted cultural and social norms that limit their access to land, assets, financial markets, agricultural training, and information. Using semi-structured interviews with farmers in the Eastern Gangetic Plains, this study investigates how necessity is becoming one of the major drivers in the bending of agricultural gender norms. The study investigates the connections between feminist political ecology and agricultural technology production frameworks in order to comprehend the implications of technology adoption and influences on gender norms in communities. Women's participation in agriculture was found to be heavily influenced by social and cultural barriers, and they were frequently subjected to social criticism for breaking the systemic gender norms. This paper emphasizes on the growing pattern of bending gender norms with recommendations for increasing women's participation and scope in future agriculture development initiatives through policies and interventions that emphasize gender equity.

Social Barriers Cultural Barriers Feminist Political Ecology CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENDER NORMS WOMEN FARMERS AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY

Unanswered questions and unquestioned answers: the challenges of crop residue retention and weed control in Conservation Agriculture systems of southern Africa

Christian Thierfelder Blessing Mhlanga Hambulo Ngoma Paswel Marenya Md Abdul Matin Adane Tufa (2024, [Artículo])

Production and utilization of crop residues as mulch and effective weed management are two central elements in the successful implementation of Conservation Agriculture (CA) systems in southern Africa. Yet, the challenges of crop residue availability for mulch or the difficulties in managing weed proliferation in CA systems are bigger than a micro-level focus on weeds and crop residues themselves. The bottlenecks are symptoms of broader systemic complications that cannot be resolved without appreciating the interactions between the current scientific understanding of CA and its application in smallholder systems, private incentives, social norms, institutions, and government policy. In this paper, we elucidate a series of areas that represent some unquestioned answers about chemical weed control and unanswered questions about how to maintain groundcover demanding more research along the natural and social sciences continuum. In some communities, traditional rules that allow free-range grazing of livestock after harvesting present a barrier in surface crop residue management. On the other hand, many of the communities either burn, remove, or incorporate the residues into the soil thus hindering the near-permanent soil cover required in CA systems. The lack of soil cover also means that weed management through soil mulch is unachievable. Herbicides are often a successful stopgap solution to weed control, but they are costly, and most farmers do not use them as recommended, which reduces efficacy. Besides, the use of herbicides can cause environmental hazards and may affect human health. Here, we suggest further assessment of the manipulation of crop competition, the use of vigorously growing cover crops, exploration of allelopathy, and use of microorganisms in managing weeds and reducing seed production to deplete the soil weed seed bank. We also suggest in situ production of plant biomass, use of unpalatable species for mulch generation and change of grazing by-laws towards a holistic management of pastures to reduce the competition for crop residues. However, these depend on the socio-economic status dynamics at farmer and community level.

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS CROP RESIDUES ZERO TILLAGE SOCIAL NORMS SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION WEED CONTROL

Estandarización de nombres comunes de plantas yucatanenses, parte 1: mayas y yucatecos

Jorge Carlos Trejo Torres (2023, [Artículo])

Nombrar plantas es una necesidad para ocuparnos de ellas. En casos afortunados, una especie tiene un solo nombre común, aunque frecuentemente las especies tienen más de un nombre. En la península de Yucatán, los nombres en lengua maya son complejos en escritura y pronunciación. Aunque la estandarización de su escritura se ha trabajado, hoy día es común ver nombres mayas de plantas escritos sin reglas. Entonces, proponemos criterios para estandarizar la escritura o selección de nombres comunes de las plantas regionales. También planteamos que dicha estandarización se integre en medios confiables como bases de datos botánicas regionales.

BASES DE DATOS BOTANICAS CRITERIOS ESPAÑOL YUCATECO NOMENCLATURA FOLCLORICA LENGUA MAYA BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Heteranthera yucatana (Pontederiaceae), una especie pequeña, hermosa, endémica …. y amenazada

GERMAN CARNEVALI FERNANDEZ CONCHA RODRIGO STEFANO DUNO Ivón Mercedes Ramírez Morillo José Ramón Grande Allende Yeni Celeste Barrios José Luis Tapia Muñoz (2022, [Artículo])

En el año 2000, personal del Herbario CICY detectó en las cercanías de la Zona Arqueológica de Xcambó, al norte del estado de Yucatán, una pequeña planta semi-acuática que llamó la atención de los colectores. Justo a finales del año 2019, unos meses antes del inicio de la pandemia, salimos nuevamente al campo y la volvimos a conseguir. Esta vez nos cuestionamos su identidad, y tras algunas semanas de búsqueda e investigación, comprobamos que se trataba de un nuevo taxón. Este año, después de muchos ires y venires, ha sido establecida como una especie nueva para la ciencia: Heteranthera yucatana. Esta especie se caracteriza entre otras cosas por su reducido tamaño, su distribución limitada al norte del estado de Yucatán y su categoría de riesgo: “En Peligro”.

COMMELINALES IUCN NOVEDAD TAXONOMICA PLANTAS ACUATICAS PENINSULA DE YUCATAN YUCATAN BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) TAXONOMÍA VEGETAL TAXONOMÍA VEGETAL

Tutoring to novel teachers. A fragment of skylight from the border of Ciudad Juarez

Silvia Gabriela Alvídrez Minora (2022, [Artículo, Artículo])

This article describes and interprets the tutoring of novice teachers in a preschool area of ​​Ciudad Juarez. The study is situated in the interpretive paradigm; It makes use of the ethnographic method and research techniques such as participant observation and interview. The partial results show that tutoring is considered an important process for the insertion and professionalization of new teachers; however, it is mentioned that this enriching relationship is only possible when there is communication between all the people involved in the tutoring, in addition to being open to peer learning.

Teacher training Novice teachers Tutoring Ciudad Juarez Formación docente Tutoría Ciudad Juárez docentes nóveles CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

La historia detrás de Gonolobus caamali (Apocynaceae), endémica de la península de Yucatán

GERMAN CARNEVALI FERNANDEZ CONCHA GUSTAVO ADOLFO ROMERO GONZALEZ José Luis Tapia Muñoz Ivón Mercedes Ramírez Morillo CLAUDIA JANETH RAMIREZ DIAZ William Rolando Cetzal Ix RODRIGO STEFANO DUNO KATYA JEANNETH ROMERO SOLER (2022, [Artículo])

Publicar una especie nueva para la ciencia es siempre una tarea interesante y retadora, sobre todo en los tiempos modernos, donde la comunidad de sistemáticos de plantas y las revistas científicas exigen investigaciones de biología comparada más completas, integrando diferentes fuentes de evidencia (morfológica y molecular), más allá de una simple descripción morfológica. Esta historia comenzó hace más de 15 años y terminó este año, cuando Gonolobus caamali Carnevali & R. Duno (Apocynaceae), fue descrita como una nueva especie para la ciencia. Presentamos aquí algunos detalles de esta especie.

ASCLEPIADOIDEAE EXTINCION MEXICO NOVEDAD TAXONOMICA YUCATAN BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) TAXONOMÍA VEGETAL TAXONOMÍA VEGETAL

A novel method for genomic-enabled prediction of cultivars in new environments

Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez Brandon Alejandro Mosqueda González Jose Crossa (2023, [Artículo])

Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction Gains in Accuracy Genomic Prediction Novel Methods CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION METHODS ENVIRONMENT

Multimodal deep learning methods enhance genomic prediction of wheat breeding

Carolina Rivera-Amado Francisco Pinto Francisco Javier Pinera-Chavez David González-Diéguez Matthew Paul Reynolds Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez Huihui Li Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez Jose Crossa (2023, [Artículo])

Conventional Methods Genomic Prediction Accuracy Deep Learning Novel Methods CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT BREEDING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION

The Mexican environmental flow standard: scope, application and implementation

MARIA ANTONIETA GOMEZ BALANDRA MARIA DEL PILAR SALDAÑA FABELA MARICELA MARTINEZ JIMENEZ (2014, [Artículo])

With the implementation of the Official Mexican Standard NOM-011-CONAGUA-2000, the water balance of 730 basins has been calculated and its water availability agreement is published. This rule points out to allocate water for the environment only as an annual volume since methods for estimating environmental flows were not standardized in the country. In this paper, an analysis of the environmental flow standard and examples of the suggested hydrological methods are presented. For its implementation, some steps are taking place, mainly establishing environmental water reserves and building capacities. In addition, environmental allocations are becoming a common practice for all water projects, as well as setting limits to hydrological alterations by hydroelectric dams. The standard promotes the use of technical integration tools to analyze the responses of ecosystems to changes in the flow regime and adaptive management under different scenarios of water use. Although the main steps have been taken, its implementation as mandatory rule will take time.

Flujos ambientales Modelos hidrológicos Normas técnicas BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA

Editorial: Conservation agriculture: knowledge frontiers around the world

Stéphane Cordeau ML JAT Cameron Pittelkow Christian Thierfelder (2023, [Artículo])

No-Tillage Direct Seeding Cover Crops Crop Diversification CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA COVER PLANTS DIVERSIFICATION CROPPING SYSTEMS DIRECT SOWING ZERO TILLAGE