Repositorio Nacional

El lenguado de California (Paralichthys californicus) ocupa el primer lugar según el índice de importancia de la comunidad (ICI) en el Estero Punta Banda (EPB), Baja California (México), y el segundo lugar en Bahía San Quintín (BSQ), mientras que el lenguado diamante (Pleuronichthys guttulatus) se ubica en tercer lugar de importancia en BSQ. Sin embargo, se conoce poco acerca de su parasitismo, lo que puede afectar su ecología. Se recolectaron 122 lenguados de P. californicus y 59 de P. guttulatus en EPB, BSQ y Laguna Manuela (LM), B.C., desde verano 2022 a primavera 2023, se identificaron once especies de ectoparásitos en ambos hospederos y se evaluó su prevalencia (p), abundancia (ap), intensidad (i) y frecuencia de ocurrencia (fo) por hospedero, localidades y estaciones del año (t), y las ap se correlacionaron con temperatura superficial del agua, surgencias, t y localidades. El lenguado de California, P. californicus, presentó diez especies de ectoparásitos y aquellas con mayores índices fueron Lepeophteirus sp. (p: 100%, ap: 16.5, i: 65, fo: 81.4%) en LM durante invierno 2023, Pontogeneia sp. (p: 50%, a: 2.3, i: 10, fo: 25.4%) en LM durante otoño 2022, y tanto Entobdella hippoglossi (p: 44.4%, a: 1.1, i: 6, fo: 15.3%) y Acanthochondria sp. (p: 22.2%, ap: 0.7, i: 5, fo: 6.8%) en LM durante invierno 2023. P. californicus mostró cambios significativos de ap contra las localidades, aunque sin cambios para t, y todas sus correlaciones (longitud total (lt), peso y ap versus t, surgencias, temperatura del agua y sitios) fueron significativas a excepción de ap contra t. Para el lenguado P. guttulatus se identificaron cinco especies de parásitos destacando con mayores índices al copépodo Lepeophteirus sp. (p: 100%, ap: 1, i: 1, fo: 19.1%) en EPB durante primavera 2023. Se presentaron diferencias significativas de ap con respecto al t, mientras que lt contra t, surgencias y temperatura del agua presentaron únicamente correlaciones positivas. Los parásitos de peces son importantes componentes naturales de sistemas ecológicos marinos, y debido a la sensibilidad de la relación huésped-parásito a cambios ambientales, su estudio permitiría generalizar respuestas en hospederos con el aumento o disminución de parásitos.

The California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) has the highest community importance index (ICI) in Estero Punta Banda (EPB), Baja California (Mexico), and the second highest in Bahia San Quintín (BSQ), and the diamond turbot (Pleuronichthys guttulatus) holds the third highest ICI in BSQ. A total of 122 individuals of P. californicus and 59 of P. guttulatus were collected in EPB, BSQ and Laguna Manuela (LM), B.C., from summer 2022 to spring 2023. However, very little is known about fish parasitism, which can affect host ecology in these sites. Eleven ectoparasite species were identified in both hosts and the parasite prevalence (p), abundance (pa), intensity (i), and frequency of occurrence (fo) were determined for each host, collection sites and seasons (t), the pa was related to water temperature, upwelling condition, t and sites. P. californicus presented ten species, and those with the highest indices were Lepeophteirus sp. (p: 100%, pa: 16.5, i: 65, fo: 81.4%) in LM during winter 2023, Pontogeneia sp. (p: 50%, a: 2.3, i: 10, fo: 25.4%) in LM during autumn 2022, and both Entobdella hippoglossi (p: 44.4%, pa: 1.1, i: 6, fo: 15.3%) and Acanthochondria sp. (p: 22.2%, pa: 0.7, i: 5, fo: 6.8%) in LM during winter 2023. The halibut P. californicus showed significance in pa regarding the sites, although with no change across t, and its correlations (total length (tl), mean weight, and pa versus t, upwellings, temperature and sites) showed significance, except for ap against t. Five parasites were identified in P. guttulatus, with the copepod Lepeophteirus sp. showing the highest indices (p: 100%, pa: 1, i: 1, fo: 19.1%) in EPB during spring 2023; the turbot P. guttulatus presented differences in pa regarding t, and its tl was correlated significantly with t, upwelling conditions and water temperature. Fish parasites are an important natural component of marine ecological systems and because the host-parasite relationship is sensitive to environmental changes, studying this relationship can allow for generalizing responses in hosts with an increased or decreased levels of parasites.

Lenguado de California y diamante, ectoparásitos, prevalencia, abundancia, intensidad California halibut and diamond turbot, ectoparasites, prevalence, abundance, intensity CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE LOCALIZACIÓN DE PECES LOCALIZACIÓN DE PECES

Distribution of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici races and virulence in wheat growing regions of Kenya from 1970 to 2014

Lesley Boyd sridhar bhavani Cristobal Uauy Annemarie Fejer Justesen Mogens Hovmoller (2022, [Artículo])

Cereals and Grains Pathogen Diversity Puccinia f. sp. tritici Stripe Rust Yellow Rust CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CEREALS FIELD CROPS FUNGI PATHOGENICITY RUSTS TRITICUM AESTIVUM

Spatial phylogenetics in Hechtioideae (Bromeliaceae) reveals recent diversification and dispersal

La filogenética espacial de Hechtioideae (Bromeliaceae) revela diversificación y dispersión reciente

Ricardo Rivera Martinez Ivón Mercedes Ramírez Morillo José Arturo de Nova Vázquez GERMAN CARNEVALI FERNANDEZ CONCHA Juan Pablo Pinzón Katya J. Romero-Soler NESTOR EDUARDO RAIGOZA FLORES (2022, [Artículo])

Background: Hechtioideae is a group of Bromeliaceae that is distributed in Megamexico III. In recent years, evolutionary relationships within this lineage have been studied; however, the biogeography of these plants have not yet been explored from a phylogenetic framework. The integration of geographic and phylogenetic information in the evolutionary study of organisms has facilitated the identification of patterns, as well as the exploration of new hypotheses that allow for the understanding the processes that have influenced the evolutionary history of lineages. Questions and/or Hypotheses: What is the biogeographic history of this lineage? How Hechtioideae has diversified over time? Results: The Neotropical region has the highest species richness of Hechtioideae and the Mexican Transition Zone is the area with the greatest phylogenetic diversity. This lineage presented its highest diversification rate during the late Miocene and Pleistocene (6.5-1 Ma). The ancestral area of the group corresponds to the Neotropical region and the Mexican Transition Zone. In addition, Hechtioideae spread across its current ranges through multiple dispersal events associated with climatic and geological events during the last 10 Ma. Conclusions: Hechtioideae is a group of recent origin whose evolutionary history has been strongly influenced by geological and climatic events over the past 10 Ma, such as the glacial and interglacial periods of the Pleistocene and the great tectonic and volcanic activity that led to the formation of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. © 2022 Sociedad Botanica de Mexico, A.C. All rights reserved.

ANCESTRAL AREA RECONSTRUCTION BIOGEOGRAPHY CONSERVATION DISTRIBUTION PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Shopping for Ecological Indices? On the Use of Incidence-Based Species Compositional Similarity Measures

IAN MACGREGOR FORS FEDERICO ESCOBAR SARRIA JUAN FERNANDO ESCOBAR IBAÑEZ NATALIA MESA SIERRA FREDY ALEXANDER ALVARADO ROBERTO Rafael Rueda Hernández CLAUDIA ELIZABETH MORENO ORTEGA Ina Falfán ERICK JOAQUIN CORRO MENDEZ Eduardo Octavio Pineda Arredondo Amandine Bourg JOSE LUIS AGUILAR LOPEZ (2022, [Artículo])

"β-diversity has been under continuous debate, with a current need to better understand the way in which a new wave of measures work. We assessed the results of 12 incidence-based β-diversity indices. Our results of gradual species composition overlap between paired assemblages considering progressive differences in species richness show the following: (i) four indices (β-2, β-3, β-3.s, and βr) should be used cautiously given that results with no shared species retrieve results that could be misinterpreted; (ii) all measures conceived specifically as partitioned components of species compositional dissimilarities ought to be used as such and not as independent measures per se; (iii) the non-linear response of some indices to gradual species composition overlap should be interpreted carefully, and further analysis using their results as dependent variables should be performed cautiously; and (iv) two metrics (βsim and βsor) behave predictably and linearly to gradual species composition overlap. We encourage ecologists using measures of β-diversity to fully understand their mathematical nature and type of results under the scenario to be used in order to avoid inappropriate and misleading inferences."

Beta diversity Nestedness Replacement Richness difference Species turnover BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Exploring the genetic diversity and population structure of wheat landrace population conserved at ICARDA genebank

Muhammad Massub Tehseen Fatma Aykut Tonk Ahmed Amri Carolina Sansaloni Ezgi Kurtulus Muhammad Salman Mubarik Kumarse Nazari (2022, [Artículo])

Wheat Landraces Genetic Diversity SNP Markers Analysis of Molecular Variance AMOVA CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA BREEDING DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS GENETIC VARIATION GENETIC DISTANCE GENETIC IMPROVEMENT GENETIC MARKERS HEXAPLOIDY LANDRACES POPULATION STRUCTURE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM TRITICUM AESTIVUM WHEAT

Bacterial communities in the rhizosphere at different growth stages of maize cultivated in soil under conventional and conservation agricultural practices

Yendi Navarro-Noya Bram Govaerts Nele Verhulst Luc Dendooven (2022, [Artículo])

Farmers in Mexico till soil intensively, remove crop residues for fodder and grow maize often in monoculture. Conservation agriculture (CA), including minimal tillage, crop residue retention and crop diversification, is proposed as a more sustainable alternative. In this study, we determined the effect of agricultural practices and the developing maize rhizosphere on soil bacterial communities. Bulk and maize (Zea mays L.) rhizosphere soil under conventional practices (CP) and CA were sampled during the vegetative, flowering and grain filling stage, and 16S rRNA metabarcoding was used to assess bacterial diversity and community structure. The functional diversity was inferred from the bacterial taxa using PICRUSt. Conservation agriculture positively affected taxonomic and functional diversity compared to CP. The agricultural practice was the most important factor in defining the structure of bacterial communities, even more so than rhizosphere and plant growth stage. The rhizosphere enriched fast growing copiotrophic bacteria, such as Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales, Xanthomonadales, and Burkholderiales, while in the bulk soil of CP other copiotrophs were enriched, e.g., Halomonas and Bacillus. The bacterial community in the maize bulk soil resembled each other more than in the rhizosphere of CA and CP. The bacterial community structure, and taxonomic and functional diversity in the maize rhizosphere changed with maize development and the differences between the bulk soil and the rhizosphere were more accentuated when the plant aged. Although agricultural practices did not alter the effect of the rhizosphere on the soil bacterial communities in the flowering and grain filling stage, they did in the vegetative stage.

Community Assembly Functional Diversity Intensive Agricultural Practices Plant Microbiome CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE TILLAGE SOIL BACTERIA MAIZE