Structural violence against children in Chihuahua

Hector Castro-Loera Gabriela Orozco Lopez (2022, [Artículo, Artículo])

Within the framework of philosophy and its social function, structural violence against children in Chihuahua is studied; To approach the phenomenon and propose alternatives, three theories will be related: i) feminist studies regarding violence, concepts such as intersectionality, pedagogies of cruelty and structural violence will be used, ii) the philosophy of children's rights, child´s play will be appreciated as a necessity and legal position of freedom, and iii) the event of the Aufklärung, that is, the assimilation of the present of humanity or the Enlightenment in Foucault's thought.

Structural violence Philosophy and children´s rights Chihuahua Violencia estructural Filosofía y derechos de niños CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

HERENCIA MENDELIANA EN MICROSATÉLITES DE ABULÓN AMARILLO Haliotis corrugata

MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN PINK ABALONE Haliotis corrugata MICROSATELLITES

HERANÇA MENDELIANA DOS MICROSSATÉLITES DE AMARELO ABULON Haliotis corrugata

NOE DIAZ VILORIA RICARDO PEREZ ENRIQUEZ DANIEL AGUILAR OSUNA Pedro Cruz Hernández (2013, [Artículo])

"En México la pesquería de abulón amarillo (Haliotis corrugata) se ha visto fuertemente afectada por la sobrepesca y factores ambientales. En este contexto, la repoblación de los bancos silvestres mediante liberación de larvas o juveniles producidos en laboratorio se ha vislumbrado como una alternativa para incrementar la producción. Cualquier programa de repoblamiento debe considerar una estrategia de manejo genético que evite la pérdida de diversidad genética y que permita dar seguimiento del pedigrí de los individuos producidos en laboratorio y liberados posteriormente en los bancos naturales. Uno de los requisitos de los marcadores moleculares tipo microsatélites empleados para la asignación de parentesco en análisis de pedigrí es su conformación al modelo de herencia mendeliana. En el presente estudio se analizaron larvas veliger de H. corrugata de tres familias no emparentadas (cada una de hermanos completos) con 11 loci microsatélites para evaluar si sus clases genotípicas se ajustaban a las proporciones esperadas bajo herencia mendeliana. Las proporciones genotípicas de ocho loci (Hco15, Hco19, Hco22, Hco47-2, Hco47-3, Hco194, Hka3 y Hka56) se ajustaron a las proporciones mendelianas esperadas, dos loci (Hco47-1 y Hco97) mostraron desviaciones significativas (P<0,05) y en un locus (Hco16) no se pudo comprobar segregación mendeliana. Para análisis de parentesco futuros en esta especie se recomienda el uso de un grupo de al menos seis loci en el cual deben incluirse Hco19, Hco22, Hco47-2 y Hka3 debido a sus moderados a altos polimorfismos."

"In Mexico, the pink abalone (Haliotis corrugata) fishery has been strongly affected by overfishing and environmental factors. In this context, reseeding of natural beds through the release of hatchery produced larvae or juveniles, has been envisioned as an alternative to increase production. Any reseeding program should take in account a genetic management strategy, which avoids the loss of genetic diversity and enables to follow the pedigree of hatchery produced individuals being released in the natural beds. One of the requisites of microsatellites as molecular markers for parentage assignment is their agreement to Mendelian inheritance model. In the present study, Haliotis corrugata veliger larvae from three unrelated families (of fullsibs each), were analyzed with 11 microsatellite loci, to assess if their genotypic classes were in agreement to expected ratios under Mendelian inheritance. The genotypic ratios of eight loci (Hco15, Hco19, Hco22, Hco47-2, Hco47-3, Hco194, Hka3, and Hka56) were in agreement with Mendelian expected ratios, two loci (Hco47-1 and Hco97) showed significant deviations (P<0.05), and in one locus (Hco16) Mendelian segregation could not be demonstrated. From the results we suggest the use a group of at least 6 loci in subsequent parentage analyses in which loci Hco19, Hco22, Hco47-2 and Hka3 should be included because their moderate to high polymorphisms."

Abalón, Haliotis corrugata, Hermanos Completos, Herencia Mendeliana, Microsatélites pink abalone, microsatellites BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) GENÉTICA ANIMAL GENÉTICA ANIMAL

Redescription of Selenops minutus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900 (Aranei: Selenopidae)

DAVID CHAME VAZQUEZ MARIA LUISA JIMENEZ JIMENEZ CARLOS PALACIOS CARDIEL (2022, [Artículo])

"In this work we redescribe and rediagnose both sexes of the flattie spider Selenops minutus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900. In addition, we provide the first record of S. minutus from Mexico."

Araneae, new record, flattie spider, Chiapas, Mexico BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) TAXONOMÍA ANIMAL TAXONOMÍA ANIMAL

Comparación de la bioacústica de dos especies del género rana (Amphibia: Ranidae) en Honduras

EMMANUEL ORELLANA MURILLO (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Using Observed Residual Error Structure Yields the Best Estimates of Individual Growth Parameters

Marcelo Vidal Curiel Bernal EUGENIO ALBERTO ARAGON NORIEGA MIGUEL ANGEL CISNEROS MATA LAURA SANCHEZ VELASCO SYLVIA PATRICIA ADELHEID JIMENEZ ROSENBERG ALEJANDRO FRANCISCO PARES SIERRA (2021, [Artículo])

"Obtaining the best possible estimates of individual growth parameters is essential in studies of physiology, fisheries management, and conservation of natural resources since growth is a key component of population dynamics. In the present work, we use data of an endangered fish species to demonstrate the importance of selecting the right data error structure when fitting growth models in multimodel inference. The totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) is a fish species endemic to the Gulf of California increasingly studied in recent times due to a perceived threat of extinction. Previous works estimated individual growth using the von Bertalanffy model assuming a constant variance of length-at-age. Here, we reanalyze the same data under five different variance assumptions to fit the von Bertalanffy and Gompertz models. We found consistent significant differences between the constant and nonconstant error structure scenarios and provide an example of the consequences using the growth performance index _0 to show how using the wrong error structure can produce growth parameter values that can lead to biased conclusions. Based on these results, for totoaba and other related species, we recommend using the observed error structure to obtain the individual growth parameters."

multimodel inference, error structure, totoaba, growth performance BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) FISIOLOGÍA ANIMAL FISIOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Especies de abejas sin aguijón en áreas urbanas en Yucatán. Parte II: nidos con entradas poco visibles

JOSÉ CHAVIER DE ARAUJO FREITAS (2023, [Artículo])

Existen especies de abejas sin aguijón que tienen las entradas de sus nidos poco visibles: en grietas de cavidades de árboles, paredes de construcciones urbanas, muchas veces mimetizadas y haciéndolas muy sensibles a la destrucción de estos, al momento de hacer alguna poda de árbol, remodelación o construcción. Algunos géneros de abejas en áreas urbanas y alrededores de ciudades de Yucatán que podemos identificar en esta situación son: Trigonisca, Plebeia, Cephalotrigona, y la especie Frieseomelitta nigra. La poca notoriedad de sus entradas las hace muy vulnerables a ser destruidas en ambientes antropizados.

ABEJAS SIN AGUIJON NIDOS POCO VISIBLES POLINIZADORES YUCATAN MEXICO BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) INVERTEBRADOS INVERTEBRADOS

Taxonomic versus ecological prey traits among arthropodophagous bats: implications for surveying trophic partitioning patterns

CINTYA ARACELI SEGURA TRUJILLO SERGIO TICUL ALVAREZ CASTAÑEDA SUSETTE SAMI CASTAÑEDA RICO Jesus Maldonado (2022, [Artículo])

"Species can coexist spatially and temporally by partitioning the niche space and forming complex assemblages made up of different species that share the prey resource. Chiroptera is the second most species-rich mammalian order and about 75% of bat species feed on arthropods, which makes these bats a good model group for studying complex trophic interactions. Next-generation parallel sequencing techniques allow a detailed analysis of arthropod resource partitioning patterns in bats. However, previous studies have not reached a consensus on the concordance between diet composition, habitat use, and segregation of trophic resources in bats. We analyzed diet composition in terms of taxonomy of the insect prey, and the prey characteristics. Feces of 16 bat species were examined in the Mexican Neotropics. We carried out a SIMPER (similarity percentage) test, nonmetric multidimensional scaling, and principal component analyses to identify general segregation patterns of trophic resources in relation to the habitat-use guild of bats and computed Pianka’s niche overlap index between species and Levin’s index to estimate the niche width of each species. Bats from the same locality tend to partition their diet, with a niche overlap ranging between 0.5 and 0.8. The highest values were found between species with different foraging behaviors. We suggest that future bat diet studies should incorporate the ecological and taxonomic information of arthropod prey to better understand the trophic interactions with bats."

"Aproximadamente el 75% de las especies de murciélagos se alimentan de artrópodos, algunas de estas especies pueden coexistir espacial y temporalmente al particionar el espacio del nicho. Los murciélagos forman ensamblajes complejos compuestos por diferentes especies que comparten su recurso trófico. Por tanto, los murciélagos pueden utilizarse como grupo modelo para estudiar interacciones tróficas complejas. Las técnicas de secuenciación masiva paralela del ADN permiten un análisis detallado de sus patrones de partición de recursos tróficos. Sin embargo, los estudios no han llegado a un consenso sobre la concordancia entre la composición de la dieta, el uso del hábitat y la partición de los recursos tróficos en los murciélagos. Analizamos la composición de la dieta en términos de taxonomía de los artrópodos presa y sus características ecológicas. Examinamos las heces de 16 especies de murciélagos a lo largo del Neotrópico Mexicano. Se utilizaron análisis de similitud porcentual (SIMPER), escalamiento multidimensional no métrico y análisis de componentes principales para identificar patrones generales de partición de recursos tróficos en relación con el gremio de uso de hábitat de los murciélagos. Calculamos el índice de superposición de nicho de Pianka entre especies y el índice de Levin para estimar la amplitud del nicho de cada especie. Encontramos que los murciélagos de la misma localidad tienden a diferenciar su dieta, con una superposición de nicho que varía entre 0.5 y 0.8. Los valores más altos se encontraron entre especies con diferentes hábitos de alimentación. Sugerimos que, en el futuro, los estudios de dieta de murciélagos consideren las características ecológicas de sus presas y utilicen la información taxonómica como clave para recuperar información sobre la biología de las presas y comprender la ecología de estas interacciones tróficas."

arthropods, bats, foraging ecology, next-generation sequencing, prey traits, resource partitioning, trophic ecology artrópodos, ecología trófca, murciélagos, partición de recursos, rasgos de presa, secuenciación de nueva generación BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL

What Are Medusozoans, and Why Do They Sting?

José Agüero Mariae del Carmen Estrada González Leonela Rosales Catalán Ariadne Molina Alonso MARIA DE LOS ANGELES MENDOZA BECERRIL (2022, [Artículo])

"Medusozoans are marine animals without backbones that live near the coasts, or in the depths of the oceans. Some of them are large, but others are even tinier than a seed. Medusozoans have been living on Earth for more than 600 million years. Their bodies are 95% water. Some medusozoans live attached to a surface, but others can swim freely. All medusozoans have tentacles, armed with stinging cells called nematocysts. When the nematocysts are triggered, the tiny stingers inside them can travel at speeds up to 67 km per hour. Around 3% of medusozoans are harmful to humans. Therefore, when visiting beaches where these harmful medusozoans live, it is necessary to take some precautions. Wearing protective clothing and not touching a medusozoan stranded on the beach will help you stay safe and healthy, so you can enjoy your beach day!"

Medusozoans BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ZOOLOGÍA MARINA ZOOLOGÍA MARINA

Arbustos y pastos para restablecer la cobertura vegetal en zonas áridas del Sur de Bolivia

Santiago Lopez-Ridaura Ravi Gopal Singh (2022, [Libro])

Pastos CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURA DE CONSERVACIÓN SUELO COBERTURA DE SUELOS FERTILIDAD DEL SUELO CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO GANADERÍA VEGETACIÓN ARBUSTOS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE SOIL LAND COVER CLIMATE CHANGE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY VEGETATION SHRUBS

Rapid effects of marine reserves via larval dispersal

Richard Cudney Bueno (2009, [Artículo])

Marine reserves have been advocated worldwide as conservation and fishery management tools. It is argued that they can protect ecosystems and also benefit fisheries via density-dependent spillover of adults and enhanced larval dispersal into fishing areas. However, while evidence has shown that marine reserves can meet conservation targets, their effects on fisheries are less understood. In particular, the basic question of if and over what temporal and spatial scales reserves can benefit fished populations via larval dispersal remains unanswered. We tested predictions of a larval transport model for a marine reserve network in the Gulf of California, Mexico, via field oceanography and repeated density counts of recently settled juvenile commercial mollusks before and after reserve establishment. We show that local retention of larvae within a reserve network can take place with enhanced, but spatially-explicit, recruitment to local fisheries. Enhancement occurred rapidly (2 yrs), with up to a three-fold increase in density of juveniles found in fished areas at the downstream edge of the reserve network, but other fishing areas within the network were unaffected. These findings were consistent with our model predictions. Our findings underscore the potential benefits of protecting larval sources and show that enhancement in recruitment can be manifested rapidly. However, benefits can be markedly variable within a local seascape. Hence, effects of marine reserve networks, positive or negative, may be overlooked when only focusing on overall responses and not considering finer spatially-explicit responses within a reserve network and its adjacent fishing grounds. Our results therefore call for future research on marine reserves that addresses this variability in order to help frame appropriate scenarios for the spatial management scales of interest. © 2009 Cudney-Bueno et al.

article, environmental monitoring, fishery, larva, marine environment, marine species, Mexico, mollusc, nonhuman, oceanography, prediction, animal, biology, environmental protection, food industry, geography, growth, development and aging, larva, met CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA