Rediseño de la línea de ensamble Long Block ISV 5.0L V8 manteniendo los requerimientos de calidad

Omar Annuar Guel Quiroz (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

Desde hace tiempo, el ser humano ha sido capaz de realizar procesos de manufactura para poder cumplir la necesidad que hoy en día muchos de nosotros vivimos tales como la fabricación de un producto o incluso la recuperación de este, aquí es donde entra la remanufactura de partes de ciertos productos terminados para poderlos salvar y posteriormente volverlos a usar dando como resultado el incremento de lo que nosotros conocemos como vida útil del producto. Durante la recuperación de partes de un motor de combustión interna se encuentran diferentes componentes tales como el monoblock, cigüeñal, pistones, bielas, cabezas de cilindro entre otros. Para llevar a cabo la recuperación de estos componentes deben de pasar ciertas pruebas tanto por calidad como durante el proceso de retrabajo. Algunos de ellos como el cigüeñal deben cumplir ciertas expectativas y ciertos estándares de limpieza que este componente se encuentra en el corazón del motor por lo que es uno de los componentes más importantes que se deben de cuidar ya que cualquier contaminación o rebaba metálica puede causar que el motor se amarre o bien, que su función principal sea deficiente. Es por ello por lo que se emplean procesos de limpieza como el lavado de componentes de diferentes tipos en base a las condiciones en las que se encuentran estos componentes usando agua, químicos especiales y un tiempo de ciclo definido para completar esta limpieza. Viéndolo por otro lado el departamento de calidad deberá de asegurarse que estos componentes estén en buenas condiciones mediante pruebas y análisis que se someten después de un proceso de manufactura establecido para poder llevar el control del proceso tales como las pruebas millipore. La inclusión de las pruebas millipore se encuentran en las principales pruebas ya que ellas ayudan a detectar el peso de partículas, así como el tipo de partículas. La integración de estas pruebas asegura que los componentes críticos de un motor estén en buenas condiciones ya que fortalece la aceptación del material a usar en la línea de ensamble y evitar reclamos de calidad o bien retrabajos en línea posteriores.

For a long time, the human being has been able to perform manufacturing processes to meet the need that many of us live today such as the manufacture of a product or even the recovery of this, this is where the remanufacturing of parts of certain finished products to save them and then reuse them resulting in the increase of what we know as product life. During the recovery of parts from an internal combustion engine there are different components such as the monoblock, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, cylinder heads, among others. In order to carry out the recovery of these components, they must pass certain tests both for quality and during the remanufacturing process. Some of them, such as the crankshaft, must meet certain expectations and standards of cleanliness. This component is located in the heart of the engine, so it is one of the most important components that must be taken care of, since any contamination or metallic burr can cause the engine to bind or its main function to be deficient. That is why cleaning processes such as washing of different types of components are used based on the conditions in which these components are found using water, special chemicals and a defined cycle time to complete this cleaning. On the other hand, the quality department must ensure that these components are in good condition by testing and analyzing them after an established manufacturing process in order to control the process such as millipore testing. The inclusion of millipore testing is one of the main tests that help to detect particle weight as well as particle type. The integration of these tests ensures that the critical components of an engine are in good condition as it strengthens the acceptance of the material to be used in the assembly line and avoids quality claims or subsequent line rework.

Manufactura Trazabilidad Millipore Manufacturing Traceability INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS OTRAS

Determinantes tecnológicos de las decisiones de inversión: un análisis de la industria manufacturera mexicana

Technological determinants and investment decisions: a Mexican manufacturing industry analysis

CELINA LOPEZ MATEO SANJUANA MARTHA RIOS MANRIQUEZ RUBEN MOLINA SANCHEZ (2015, [Artículo])

En este trabajo se analiza la influencia de determinantes tecnológicos en las decisiones de inversión de las empresas manufactureras mexicanas. Se utilizan estimaciones de eficiencia obtenidas a partir del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA, por sus siglas en inglés), así como indicadores tecnológicos para las regresiones a través de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). El análisis se realiza partiendo de datos de corte transversal. La evidencia empírica sugiere que la eficiencia técnica a partir de los factores productivos capital y trabajo puede incentivar los niveles de inversión.

The influence of technological determinants on the investment decisions of Mexican manufacturing firms is discussed in this work. Efficiency estimates obtained from the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and technology indicators for the regressions through Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) are used to develop the study. The analysis is based on cross-sectional data. Empirical evidence suggests that the technological efficiency that arises from productive factors (capital and labor) may encourage investment.

CIENCIAS SOCIALES Inversión Tecnología Manufactura Investment Technology Manufacture

Tensile behavior of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) based composites reinforced with natural fiber

Eliana M Agaliotis BALTAZAR DAVID AKE CONCHA ALEJANDRO MAY PAT Juan Pablo Morales Arias Celina Bernal Alex Valadez González Pedro Jesús Herrera Franco Gwenaelle Proust JUAN FRANCISCO KOH DZUL José Gonzalo Carrillo Baeza Emmanuel Alejandro Flores Johnson (2022, [Artículo])

Natural fiber-reinforced composite (NFRC) filaments for 3D printing were fabricated using polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with 1–5 wt% henequen flour comprising particles with sizes between 90–250 μm. The flour was obtained from natural henequen fibers. NFRCs and pristine PLA specimens were printed with a 0° raster angle for tension tests. The results showed that the NFRCs’ measured density, porosity, and degree of crystallinity increased with flour content. The tensile tests showed that the NFRC Young’s modulus was lower than that of the printed pristine PLA. For 1 wt% flour content, the NFRCs’ maximum stress and strain to failure were higher than those of the printed PLA, which was attributed to the henequen fibers acting as reinforcement and delaying crack growth. However, for 2 wt% and higher flour contents, the NFRCs’ maximum stress was lower than that of the printed PLA. Microscopic characterization after testing showed an increase in voids and defects, with the increase in flour content attributed to particle agglomeration. For 1 wt% flour content, the NFRCs were also printed with raster angles of ±45° and 90° for comparison; the highest tensile properties were obtained with a 0° raster angle. Finally, adding 3 wt% content of maleic anhydride to the NFRC with 1 wt% flour content slightly increased the maximum stress. The results presented herein warrant further research to fully understand the mechanical properties of printed NFRCs made of PLA reinforced with natural henequen fibers. © 2022 by the authors.

POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA) NATURAL FIBER HENEQUEN FIBER NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE (NFRC) ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 3D PRINTING MECHANICAL PROPERTY INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE MATERIALES PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES

Socio-technological responses to COVID-19 in Mexico: Spin-offs, repositories and 3D printing

Max Matus (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

The objective of the article is to analyze two sociotechnical initiatives, one citizen and the other governmental, that were configured in Mexico as a response to the shortage and hoarding of medical devices in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The citizen response analyzed is the coronavirus_maker_mx movement, while the governmental initiative under scrutiny are the Gätsy and Ehecátl 4T ventilators developed under the coordination of the National Council on Science and Technology. The methodology used involved online tracking of coronavirus_maker groups, open interviews with community members, and review of second-hand sources in the case of the government initiative. By unraveling the networks of actors that were behind the design and production or printing of devices to address COVID-19, we conclude that the cases analyzed represent different models of technological development that invite us to think about some alternatives for the promotion of "sovereign" technology in Mexico.

Impresión 3D manufactura aditiva makers ciencia abierta CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES 3D printing additive manufacture open science