Agroecology and systems analysis for sustainable agriculture

Santiago Lopez-Ridaura (2022, [Artículo])

Multi-Criteria Tradeoffs Synergies CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGROECOLOGY INDICATORS SUSTAINABILITY FARMING SYSTEMS

Addressing agricultural labour issues is key to biodiversity-smart farming

Thomas Daum Frédéric Baudron Matin Qaim Ingo Grass (2023, [Artículo])

There is an urgent need for agricultural development strategies that reconcile agricultural production and biodiversity conservation. This is especially true in the Global South where population growth is rapid and much of the world's remaining biodiversity is located. Combining conceptual thoughts with empirical insights from case studies in Indonesia and Ethiopia, we argue that such strategies will have to pay more attention to agricultural labour dynamics. Farmers have a strong motivation to reduce the heavy toil associated with farming by adopting technologies that save labour but can negatively affect biodiversity. Labour constraints can also prevent farmers from adopting technologies that improve biodiversity but increase labour intensity. Without explicitly accounting for labour issues, conservation efforts can hardly be successful. We hence highlight the need for biodiversity-smart agriculture, that is farming practices or systems that reconcile biodiversity with land and labour productivity. Our empirical insights suggest that technological and institutional options to reconcile farmers' socio-economic goals and biodiversity conservation exist but that more needs to be done to implement such options at scale.

Land Sharing Trade-Offs CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LABOUR SUSTAINABILITY

Cascading socio-environmental sustainability risks of agricultural export miracle in Peru

Azam Lashkari Masoud Irannezhad Urs Schulthess (2022, [Artículo])

Andean Trade Preference Act Alternative Development CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA DEVELOPMENT GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY WATER SCARCITY

Validation of Novel spot blotch disease resistance alleles identified in unexplored wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm lines through KASP markers

suneel kumar UTTAM KUMAR Guriqbal Singh Dhillon Amit Singh Vinod Mishra Pradeep Kumar Bhati Saikat Das Ramesh Chand Kuldeep Singh Sundeep Kumar (2022, [Artículo])

Spot Blotch Genome-Wide Association Study Marker Trait Association KASP Markers Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA TRITICUM AESTIVUM MATERIAL TRANSFER AGREEMENTS MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION DISEASE RESISTANCE WHEAT

Combination of linkage and association mapping with genomic prediction to infer QTL regions associated with gray leaf spot and northern corn leaf blight resistance in tropical maize

David Berger Yoseph Beyene Collins Juma Suresh L.M. Manje Gowda (2023, [Artículo])

Gray Leaf Spot Northern Corn Leaf Blight CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE LEAF SPOTS QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI ASSOCIATION MAPPING GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES

Do provisioning ecosystem services change along gradients of increasing agricultural production?

Ronju Ahammad Stephanie Tomscha Sarah Gergel Frédéric Baudron Jean-Yves Duriaux Chavarría Samson Foli Dominic Rowland Josh Van Vianen Terence Sunderland (2024, [Artículo])

Context: Increasing agricultural production shapes the flow of ecosystem services (ES), including provisioning services that support the livelihoods and nutrition of people in tropical developing countries. Although our broad understanding of the social-ecological consequences of agricultural intensification is growing, how it impacts provisioning ES is still unknown. Objectives: We examined the household use of provisioning ES across a gradient of increasing agricultural production in seven tropical countries (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia). We answered two overarching questions: (1) does the use of provisioning ES differ along gradients of agriculture production ranging from zones of subsistence to moderate and to high agriculture production? and (2) are there synergies and/or trade-offs within and among groups of ES within these zones? Methods: Using structured surveys, we asked 1900 households about their assets, livestock, crops, and collection of forest products. These questions allowed us to assess the number of provisioning ES households used, and whether the ES used are functionally substitutable (i.e., used similarly for nutrition, material, and energy). Finally, we explored synergies and trade-offs among household use of provisioning ES. Results: As agricultural production increased, provisioning ES declined both in total number and in different functional groups used. We found more severe decreases in ES for relatively poorer households. Within the functional groups of ES, synergistic relationships were more often found than trade-offs in all zones, including significant synergies among livestock products (dairy, eggs, meat) and fruits. Conclusions: Considering landscape context provides opportunities to enhance synergies among provisioning services for households, supporting resilient food systems and human well-being.

Agricultural Production Zones Agricultural Intensifcation Synergies and Trade-Offs Landscape Multifunctionality Social-Ecological Systems CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LANDSCAPE SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

Populismo y democracia. Proximidad y lejanía

ROBERTO GARCIA JURADO (2023, [Artículo])

"La caída del Muro de Berlín en 1989 fue un acontecimiento mundial significativo, con importantes implicaciones en todos los campos de la vida social, en especial en el de la política. Parecía señalar el triunfo indiscutible de la ideología y las instituciones democráticas, tal y como se les entendía en el mundo occidental. Además, sea entreveía la consolidación definitiva de las llamadas democracias occidentales, que habían sobrevivido a la fuerte crisis económica de los años setenta, así como a todas sus secuelas sociales y políticas de los ochenta".

CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIA POLÍTICA SISTEMAS POLÍTICOS SISTEMAS POLÍTICOS: AREA AMERICANA SISTEMAS POLÍTICOS: AREA AMERICANA

The new proletariat of the north at Ciudad Juarez: Current trends.

Nolberto Tlacaelel Acosta Pérez (2022, [Artículo, Artículo])

The arrival of the nowadays renamed Manufacturing, Maquiladora and Export Service Industry brought within the formation of a new labor subject in the region: the new proletariat of the north. The proposal of the present article is to identify and describe the specific traits of this working class sub-fraction, by a reevaluation of its meaning, the most relevant socioeconomic indicators which serve to understand it, the political organization chapters that it has undertaken in the past years, and its most characteristic cultural attributes.

new proletariat of the north maquiladora U.S.-Mexico border social classes Ciudad Juarez nuevo proletariado del norte frontera norte clases sociales Ciudad Juárez CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

Manifiestos y proclamas. La Lucha por las ideas en el campo artístico posrevolucionario mexicano (1921-1929)

Iván López Galicia (2023, [Otro, Trabajo terminal, especialidad])

66 páginas. Especialización en Literatura Mexicana del Siglo XX.

Esta investigación recibió apoyo del Sistema Nacional de Posgrados (SNP), del Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT)

Recién iniciada la década de 1920 en México, se publicaron una serie de manifiestos artísticopolíticos, estos fueron El primer manifiesto estridentista, El manifiesto del Sindicato de Obreros Técnicos, Pintores y Escultores, y años más tarde el Manifiesto del grupo 30-30. Dichos documentos buscaban irrumpir e incidir en el espacio social del arte, pues contenían un carácter expositivo y performativo. Esos 3 documentos representaban el papel que querían desempeñar los artistas, al tiempo que exponía las ideas con las que éstos se autodefinieron como agentes capaces de lograr un cambio social a partir de sus producciones culturales. Además, los manifiestos establecían el inicio de algo nuevo, actual; pues conducían a sus receptores para orientarlos en torno a cómo querían ser leídos, vistos y juzgados. Finalmente, fue a partir de la emisión de estos textos que se identificaron enemigos en común, pues el género manifiesto es combativo por definición. Si nos enfocamos en establecer una traza histórica de las trayectorias de los sujetos sociales (artistas) que se involucraron en esta batalla por las ideas, es posible apreciar las dinámicas de interacción, las disputas y las relaciones que establecieron en sus propios espacios sociales, las cuales definiremos como campos, siguiendo la teoría de Pierre Bourdieu.

Art, Latin American--20th century. Art manifestos--Latin America. Art--Political aspects--Latin America. Literary manifestos. Revolutionary literature--History and criticism. Authors--Political and social views. Manifiestos de arte. Manifiestos políticos. Manifiestos literarios. N6502.5 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA LITERARIAS

Aza-Michael Additions of Benzylamine to Acrylates Promoted by Microwaves and Conventional Heating Using DBU as Catalyst via Solvent-Free Protocol

Jaime Escalante García (2023, [Artículo])

In recent years, the use of solvent-free reactions represents a challenge for organic chemists, since it would help to optimize methodologies and contribute to the development of sustainable chemistry. In this regard, our research group has intensified efforts in the search for reactions that can be carried out in the absence of a solvent. In this paper, we present a protocol for the aza-Michael addition of benzylamine to α,β-unsaturated esters to prepare N-benzylated β-amino esters in the presence of catalytic amounts of DBU (0.2 eq) via solvent-free reaction. Depending on the α,β-unsaturated esters, we observed a reduction in reaction times, with good to excellent yields for aza-Michael addition.

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA QUÍMICA solvent free, β-aminoesters, microwaves, aza-Michaeladdition, DBU