Research for development approaches in mixed crop-livestock systems of the Ethiopian highlands

Million Gebreyes James Hammond Lulseged Tamene Getachew Agegnehu Rabe Yahaya Anthony Whitbread (2023, [Artículo])

This study presents processes and success stories that emerged from Africa RISING's Research for Development project in the Ethiopian Highlands. The project has tested a combination of participatory tools at multiple levels, with systems thinking and concern for sustainable and diversified livelihoods. Bottom-up approaches guided the selection of technological interventions that could address the priority farming system challenges of the communities, leading to higher uptake levels and increased impact. Joint learning, appropriate technology selection, and the creation of an enabling environment such as the formation of farmer research groups, the establishment of innovation platforms, and capacity development for institutional and technical innovations were key to this study. The study concludes by identifying key lessons that focus more on matching innovations to community needs and geographies, systems orientation/integration of innovations, stepwise approaches to enhance the adoption of innovations, documenting farmers' capacity to modify innovations, building successful partnerships, and facilitating wider scaling of innovations for future implementation of agricultural research for development projects.

Action Research Systems Thinking CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA INNOVATION PARTNERSHIPS SCALING UP INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS

Red de plataformas de Investigacion MasAgro: resultados PV2016 y OI 2016-17

Simon Fonteyne (2018, [Libro])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RESEARCH PROJECTS

Calibrated multi-model ensemble seasonal prediction of Bangladesh summer monsoon rainfall

Nachiketa Acharya Carlo Montes Timothy Joseph Krupnik (2023, [Artículo])

Bangladesh summer monsoon rainfall (BSMR), typically from June through September (JJAS), represents the main source of water for multiple sectors. However, its high spatial and interannual variability makes the seasonal prediction of BSMR crucial for building resilience to natural disasters and for food security in a climate-risk-prone country. This study describes the development and implementation of an objective system for the seasonal forecasting of BSMR, recently adopted by the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). The approach is based on the use of a calibrated multi-model ensemble (CMME) of seven state-of-the-art general circulation models (GCMs) from the North American Multi-Model Ensemble project. The lead-1 (initial conditions of May for forecasting JJAS total rainfall) hindcasts (spanning 1982–2010) and forecasts (spanning 2011–2018) of seasonal total rainfall for the JJAS season from these seven GCMs were used. A canonical correlation analysis (CCA) regression is used to calibrate the raw GCMs outputs against observations, which are then combined with equal weight to generate final CMME predictions. Results show, compared to individual calibrated GCMs and uncalibrated MME, that the CCA-based calibration generates significant improvements over individual raw GCM in terms of the magnitude of systematic errors, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and generalised discrimination scores over most of Bangladesh areas, especially in the northern part of the country. Since October 2019, the BMD has been issuing real-time seasonal rainfall forecasts using this new forecast system.

Multi-Model Ensemble Seasonal Forecasting CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE SERVICES FORECASTING MONSOONS

DISEÑO Y SIMULACIÓN DE UNA PLANTA DE PROCESAMIENTO HIDROTERMAL UTILIZANDO ENERGÍA SOLAR: UN ANÁLISIS TECNO-ECONÓMICO

Eduardo Bautista (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

"En este trabajo de tesis se aborda el modelado tecno-económico de una planta de procesamiento hidrotermal, la cual acoplará en su operación tecnología de concentración solar con el objetivo de transformar biomasa de carácter lignocelulósico (residuos de madera triturada) para obtener productos objetivo de alta densidad energética como lo son los biocombustibles: bio-crudo y gas de síntesis.

El diseño de la planta se contempla para procesar 1 tonelada diaria de desechos de madera, la cual trabaja mediante el uso de energía solar de concentración y gas natural con el objetivo de tener una operación continua."

Energía solar de concentración Licuefacción hidrotermal Biomasa Desechos forestales INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA ENERGÉTICA FUENTES NO CONVENCIONALES DE ENERGÍA FUENTES NO CONVENCIONALES DE ENERGÍA

LA PRÁCTICA DOCENTE INTERCULTURAL EN CONTEXTO URBANO: EL CASO DE LA ASIGNATURA DE LENGUA Y CULTURA MAPUCHE EN UNA ESCUELA DE SANTIAGO DE CHILE

Sofia Pilar Bravo Arias (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

“El año 2010 se crea en Chile el Sector de Lengua y Cultura Indígena, dentro del Programa de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (PEIB). Esto establece la impartición de una asignatura de Lengua y Cultura en todos los establecimientos públicos que tengan al menos un 20% de estudiantes indígenas, además de la creación de la figura del Educador Tradicional Indígena (ETI), quien está a cargo de impartirla. En la actualidad la ciudad de Santiago de Chile pertenece a la región con mayor población indígena (la gran mayoría mapuche), sin embargo, hay pocas nociones de cómo se aplica el PEIB en este contexto urbano superdiverso que supone nuevas interrogantes a la impartición de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe centrada en los pueblos originarios. Desde la etnografía escolar se aborda focalizadamente –pero no únicamente- el caso de una escuela de la periferia de la ciudad en la que implementa la asignatura de Lengua y Cultura Mapuche. Se analiza la práctica docente intercultural de la Educadora Tradicional mapuche principal de esta escuela, esto implica problematizar la figura de ETI en la ciudad, la que posee una identidad urbana con más facilidades de integrarse en la escuela. Además, se aborda la inserción de ella y otros ETI en sus escuelas, y los impactos que genera su práctica en estas instituciones, las cuales se apropian de un discurso intercultural para dotar de identidad a su institución y establecer valores fundamentales de su proyecto educativo. Ya en el aula, podemos ver que la práctica docente intercultural de los ETI debe traducir y negociar interculturalmente entre las rígidas formas escolares y las formas mapuche, dando paso a la creación de nuevas prácticas escolares. Finalmente, a partir de la propia reflexividad docente y el “saber hacer” vemos cómo las convicciones y procesos identitarios permean la práctica”.

Mapuche - Lenguaje. Indios mapuche - Vida social y costumbres. Cultura mapuche. Prácticas Pedagógicas Interculturales. Formación docente - Chile - Santiago. Lengua y cultura mapuche. Tesis - Maestría en Antropología Social, Pacífico Sur. HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA LINGÜÍSTICA LINGÜÍSTICA APLICADA BILINGÜISMO BILINGÜISMO

Uso de software para la gestión de proyectos hidráulicos

MARÍA DE LOS ÁNGELES SUÁREZ MEDINA CITLALLI ASTUDILLO ENRIQUEZ (2013, [Artículo])

Por lo general, las herramientas que se utilizan para la planeación de proyectos han sido de gran utilidad para alcanzar las metas. El control y seguimiento de los proyectos no son la excepción, pues además son una parte fundamental en la planeación. Los usuarios buscan que estas herramientas sean de utilidad para el éxito y la culminación de sus proyectos. Sin importar el tamaño de los mismos, todos exigen tiempo, recursos y simplificación de los procesos; hasta los proyectos más sencillos pueden organizarse mejor si se usa un software de administración de proyectos. Es por ello que se realizó una búsqueda del software para el control y seguimiento del proyecto y como resultado de esa búsqueda, el software Microsoft Project presentó mayores ventajas con respecto a los otros programas evaluados. Este software seleccionado se aplicó para la gestión del proyecto “Caracterización y diagnóstico hídrico nacional” y los resultados fueron que con este software se pudo tener un mejor control del proyecto, pudiendo hacer los ajustes inmediatos cuando eran requeridos.

Formulación de proyectos Software Organización de la información INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Teacher training in the state of Chihuahua: Between the health challenge and teacher resilience

Evangelina Cervantes Holguín Pavel Roel Gutiérrez Sandoval Cely Celene Ronquillo Chávez (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

The article proposes to recover the response of the Teacher Training and Updating Institutions in the state of Chihuahua regarding the various challenges imposed by the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The qualitative exercise analyzes the experience of 10 institutions based on the voice of their students, teachers, and principals regarding changes in academic, administrative, and organizational processes. It is concluded that the pandemic has affected each institution in different ways and with diverse intensity. Despite the achievements, the experience analyzed reveals the relative success of the using virtual platforms in the face of three basic conditions: connectivity, technological competencies, and socio-emotional skills of the teaching staff. It highlights the importance of implementing tutoring, resilience, or awareness actions of teachers and students' needs, feelings, and sufferings. It is opportune to recover the experiences of other institutions and to question especially students, thesis students and graduates.

Acceso a la educación Aprendizaje en línea Educación a distancia Formación de docentes Tecnología educacional HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA Access to education online learning distance education teacher education educational technology

Propagación sexual y asexual de Brosimum alicastrum Swartz en Campeche, México

Sexual and asexual propagation of Brosimum alicastrum Swartz in Campeche, Mexico

Santillán Fernández Alberto Orlando Valentín Santiago Santes Ezequiel Espinosa ZULEMA GUADALUPE HUICAB PECH FRANCISCO ALFONSO LARQUE SAAVEDRA Jaime Bautista-Ortega (2022, [Artículo])

Brosimum alicastrum is a tree species in Mexico with wide potential for animal and human food, which is distributed naturally with no silvicultural management, so there is little information on the propagation methods of the species. The objective of this work was to analyze the scientific research published on B. alicastrum, through literature review to know the techniques that exist on its propagation. In addition, the quality of the seedling obtained by sexual propagation and asexual methods (cuttings, layers and grafts) was evaluated in the nursery, by means of experimental designs. 550 scientific articles on B. alicastrum were found, the disciplines where they were published were: Ecology (44.18%), Botany (13.27%), Forest Sciences (11.27%, of which 2.54% worked propagation in the nursery), Zoology (11.09%), Agriculture (9.64%), Anthropology (5.45%) and others (5.10%). Regarding the seed propagation method, the best seedling quality was associated with low porosity substrates (bush soil) and containers with large diameters (36 cm). In the case of asexual propagation, with the layering method when peat was used as the substrate 90% survival was obtained, and by lateral grafting technique 75% yield was found. Due to the little research that exists on the propagation of the species, it is recommended that the selection of the propagation technique is based on the purpose of the seedling; if it is required to shorten the seed production cycles of B. alicastrum the asexual techniques grafting and layering can be more efficient. © 2022 Universidad Politecnica Salesiana. All rights reserved.

RAMON SILVICULTURA VIVERO FORESTAL INJERTO ENRAIZAMIENTO DE ESTACAS ACODO AEREO BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Forage yield and composition of black oat in monoculture and in association with winter vetch

Edmundo García-Moya Juan Burgueño Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde Luis Alberto Miranda-Romero (2022, [Artículo])

Avena strigosa Forage Height Harvest Intensity CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AVENA NUDA HARVESTING VICIA VILLOSA MONOCULTURE

Automated in-season rice crop mapping using Sentinel time-series data and Google Earth Engine: A case study in climate-risk prone Bangladesh

Mustafa Kamal Timothy Joseph Krupnik (2024, [Artículo])

High-resolution mapping of rice fields is crucial for understanding and managing rice cultivation in countries like Bangladesh, particularly in the face of climate change. Rice is a vital crop, cultivated in small scale farms that contributes significantly to the economy and food security in Bangladesh. Accurate mapping can facilitate improved rice production, the development of sustainable agricultural management policies, and formulation of strategies for adapting to climatic risks. To address the need for timely and accurate rice mapping, we developed a framework specifically designed for the diverse environmental conditions in Bangladesh. We utilized Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 time-series data to identify transplantation and peak seasons and employed the multi-Otsu automatic thresholding approach to map rice during the peak season (April–May). We also compared the performance of a random forest (RF) classifier with the multi-Otsu approach using two different data combinations: D1, which utilizes data from the transplantation and peak seasons (D1 RF) and D2, which utilizes data from the transplantation to the harvest seasons (D2 RF). Our results demonstrated that the multi-Otsu approach achieved an overall classification accuracy (OCA) ranging from 61.18% to 94.43% across all crop zones. The D2 RF showed the highest mean OCA (92.15%) among the fourteen crop zones, followed by D1 RF (89.47%) and multi-Otsu (85.27%). Although the multi-Otsu approach had relatively lower OCA, it proved effective in accurately mapping rice areas prior to harvest, eliminating the need for training samples that can be challenging to obtain during the growing season. In-season rice area maps generated through this framework are crucial for timely decision-making regarding adaptive management in response to climatic stresses and forecasting area-wide productivity. The scalability of our framework across space and time makes it particularly suitable for addressing field data scarcity challenges in countries like Bangladesh and offers the potential for future operationalization.

Synthetic Aperture Radar Random Forest Boro Rice In-Season Maps CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA SAR (RADAR) RICE FLOODING CLIMATE CHANGE