¡El autismo sí se ve! LAS TRAYECTORIAS PARA LLEGAR A UN DIAGNÓSTICO Y A LA ATENCIÓN DE UN NIÑO/NIÑA DENTRO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA EN CIUDAD DE MEXICO

Angela Patricia Melo Ospina (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

“La frase “el autismo sí se ve”, busca reivindicar la experiencia del padecer de las cuidadoras y los cuidadores de niños y niñas con autismo, la cual en muchos casos es subestimada y menospreciada por el personal de salud, los maestros y por la sociedad en general, pues no hay rasgos físicos aparentes que den cuenta de esta condición, por lo que asumen que el niño o niña no presenta ningún síntoma y llegan a culpabilizar a los padres de los cambios de conducta o de los retrasos en el desarrollo, lo cual implica una demora en el diagnóstico y en la atención. Esta frase busca dar cuenta de la necesidad de que los cuidadores y las cuidadoras sean escuchadas para poder recibir una atención oportuna y de calidad. En mi investigación definí como propósito reconstruir las trayectorias para el diagnóstico y la atención de niños y niñas diagnosticados con autismo en Ciudad de México, dando cuenta de las representaciones y prácticas que tiene las y los cuidadores frente a esta condición y respecto a los diferentes recursos de atención a los que acceden. Desarrolle el trabajo de campo en Ciudad de México durante el segundo periodo de 2022; realicé observación participativa y entrevistas semiestructuradas principalmente con cuidadores y cuidadoras primarias de niños y niñas en condición del espectro autista, las cuales reciben atención terapéutica u orientación en el Consultorio de Salud Mental de Tuxpan y en la asociación Apapache Autismo, ubicados en la colonia Cuauhtémoc. De manera complementaria entrevisté a activistas en pro de los derechos de las y los cuidadores y de las personas con autismo, a adultos autistas y a terapeutas”.

Autismo en niños - México - Ciudad de México. Trastornos del Espectro Autista - Terapia. Autismo - Aspectos sociales. Familiares cuidadores - Aspectos psicológicos. Familiares cuidadores - Salud mental. Autismo en niños - Cuidado y tratamiento. Tesis - Maestría en Antropología Social, CDMX. CIENCIAS SOCIALES SOCIOLOGÍA PROBLEMAS SOCIALES ENFERMEDAD ENFERMEDAD

Especies de abejas sin aguijón en áreas urbanas en Yucatán. Parte II: nidos con entradas poco visibles

JOSÉ CHAVIER DE ARAUJO FREITAS (2023, [Artículo])

Existen especies de abejas sin aguijón que tienen las entradas de sus nidos poco visibles: en grietas de cavidades de árboles, paredes de construcciones urbanas, muchas veces mimetizadas y haciéndolas muy sensibles a la destrucción de estos, al momento de hacer alguna poda de árbol, remodelación o construcción. Algunos géneros de abejas en áreas urbanas y alrededores de ciudades de Yucatán que podemos identificar en esta situación son: Trigonisca, Plebeia, Cephalotrigona, y la especie Frieseomelitta nigra. La poca notoriedad de sus entradas las hace muy vulnerables a ser destruidas en ambientes antropizados.

ABEJAS SIN AGUIJON NIDOS POCO VISIBLES POLINIZADORES YUCATAN MEXICO BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) INVERTEBRADOS INVERTEBRADOS

Helena Paz-Elena Garro: La Memoria Compartida

ANA MARIA ALBA VILLALOBOS (2012, [Artículo])

En el texto se analizan las Memorias de Helena Paz, a la luz de los textos autobiográficos y biográficos acerca de la vida de Elena Garro. El planteamiento estriba en que hay muchos elementos que permiten afirmar que una parte sustancial de las memorias (inéditas) de Elena Garro se encuentran insertas en las Memorias de su hija, Helena Paz. Se muestran aquí los argumentos para tal aseveración y los fragmentos que corresponderían a las vivencias de la madre, más que de la hija

This text analyzes Helena Paz’s Memoirs, in the light of the autobiographical and biographical texts about Elena Garro’s life. The thesis of the text is that there are many elements supporting the statement that a substantial part of Elena Garro’s unedited memoirs are found inserted in her daughter’s (Helena Paz’s) Memoirs. Arguments for such an assertion are presented, together with the excerpts which would correspond more to the experiences of the mother than to those of the daughter.

HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA Memorias Helena Paz Garro (1939-2014) Elena Garro (1916-1998) Memories

Cuaderno de actividades didácticas. Adquisición y fortalecimiento de la LSM desde una perspectiva bilingüe bicultural.

MIROSLAVA CRUZ ALDRETE (2023, [Libro])

Esta publicación considera especialmente a las niñas y niños Sordos, como parte de una comunidad que ha sido tradicionalmente reducida a los límites de una “discapacidad”. Este cuaderno reconoce en la Comunidad Sorda una cultura propia que se transmite a través de una lengua especifica, compleja y en enriquecimiento constante. Tal como se presenta en estas páginas, el modelo educativo bilingüe y bicultural para las niñas y niños Sordos considera a la Lengua de Señas Mexicana como una primera lengua y reconoce el potencial de las infancias Sordas para el desarrollo de una vida plena y una inclusión activa en nuestra sociedad. Las estrategias didácticas que se reúnen aquí son resultado de la colaboración entre la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos y la Secretaría de Educación del Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán y contribuyen a la implementación del modelo educativo bilingüe y bicultural, con el fin de atender de manera adecuada a las infancias Sordas, que al igual que las oyentes, tienen derecho a una educación centrada en experiencias que incidan en su pleno desarrollo fisiológico, socioafectivo y lingüístico.

HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA PEDAGOGÍA lengua de señas mexicana, niños, sordera, biculturalidad

The input reduction principle of agroecology is wrong when it comes to mineral fertilizer use in sub-Saharan Africa

Gatien Falconnier Marc Corbeels Frédéric Baudron Antoine Couëdel leonard rusinamhodzi bernard vanlauwe Ken Giller (2023, [Artículo])

Can farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) boost crop yields and improve food availability without using more mineral fertilizer? This question has been at the center of lively debates among the civil society, policy-makers, and in academic editorials. Proponents of the “yes” answer have put forward the “input reduction” principle of agroecology, i.e. by relying on agrobiodiversity, recycling and better efficiency, agroecological practices such as the use of legumes and manure can increase crop productivity without the need for more mineral fertilizer. We reviewed decades of scientific literature on nutrient balances in SSA, biological nitrogen fixation of tropical legumes, manure production and use in smallholder farming systems, and the environmental impact of mineral fertilizer. Our analyses show that more mineral fertilizer is needed in SSA for five reasons: (i) the starting point in SSA is that agricultural production is “agroecological” by default, that is, very low mineral fertilizer use, widespread mixed crop-livestock systems and large crop diversity including legumes, but leading to poor soil fertility as a result of widespread soil nutrient mining, (ii) the nitrogen needs of crops cannot be adequately met solely through biological nitrogen fixation by legumes and recycling of animal manure, (iii) other nutrients like phosphorus and potassium need to be replaced continuously, (iv) mineral fertilizers, if used appropriately, cause little harm to the environment, and (v) reducing the use of mineral fertilizers would hamper productivity gains and contribute indirectly to agricultural expansion and to deforestation. Yet, the agroecological principles directly related to soil fertility—recycling, efficiency, diversity—remain key in improving soil health and nutrient-use efficiency, and are critical to sustaining crop productivity in the long run. We argue for a nuanced position that acknowledges the critical need for more mineral fertilizers in SSA, in combination with the use of agroecological practices and adequate policy support.

Manure Crop Yields Smallholder Farming Systems Environmental Hazards CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FIXATION LEGUMES NUTRIENT BALANCE SOIL FERTILITY AGROECOLOGY YIELD INCREASES LITERATURE REVIEWS

Bundling subsurface drip irrigation with no-till provides a window to integrate mung bean with intensive cereal systems for improving resource use efficiency

Manish Kakraliya madhu choudhary Mahesh Gathala Parbodh Chander Sharma ML JAT (2024, [Artículo])

The future of South Asia’s major production system (rice–wheat rotation) is at stake due to continuously aggravating pressure on groundwater aquifers and other natural resources which will further intensify with climate change. Traditional practices, conventional tillage (CT) residue burning, and indiscriminate use of groundwater with flood irrigation are the major drivers of the non-sustainability of rice–wheat (RW) system in northwest (NW) India. For designing sustainable practices in intensive cereal systems, we conducted a study on bundled practices (zero tillage, residue mulch, precise irrigation, and mung bean integration) based on multi-indicator (system productivity, profitability, and efficiency of water, nitrogen, and energy) analysis in RW system. The study showed that bundling conservation agriculture (CA) practices with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) saved ~70 and 45% (3-year mean) of irrigation water in rice and wheat, respectively, compared to farmers’ practice/CT practice (pooled data of Sc1 and Sc2; 1,035 and 318 mm ha−1). On a 3-year system basis, CA with SDI scenarios (mean of Sc5–Sc8) saved 35.4% irrigation water under RW systems compared to their respective CA with flood irrigation (FI) scenarios (mean of Sc3 and Sc4) during the investigation irrespective of residue management. CA with FI system increased the water productivity (WPi) and its use efficiency (WUE) by ~52 and 12.3% (3-year mean), whereas SDI improved by 221.2 and 39.2% compared to farmers practice (Sc1; 0.69 kg grain m−3 and 21.39 kg grain ha−1 cm−1), respectively. Based on the 3-year mean, CA with SDI (mean of Sc5–Sc8) recorded −2.5% rice yield, whereas wheat yield was +25% compared to farmers practice (Sc1; 5.44 and 3.79 Mg ha−1) and rice and wheat yield under CA with flood irrigation were increased by +7 and + 11%, compared to their respective CT practices. Mung bean integration in Sc7 and Sc8 contributed to ~26% in crop productivity and profitability compared to farmers’ practice (Sc1) as SDI facilitated advancing the sowing time by 1 week. On a system basis, CA with SDI improved energy use efficiency (EUE) by ~70% and partial factor productivity of N by 18.4% compared to CT practices. In the RW system of NW India, CA with SDI for precise water and N management proved to be a profitable solution to address the problems of groundwater, residue burning, sustainable intensification, and input (water and energy) use with the potential for replication in large areas in NW India.

Direct Seeded Rice Subsurface Drip Irrigation Economic Profitability Energy and Nitrogen Efficiency CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION IRRIGATION SYSTEMS WATER PRODUCTIVITY ECONOMIC VIABILITY ENERGY EFFICIENCY NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY

Expanding the WOFOST crop model to explore options for sustainable nitrogen management: A study for winter wheat in the Netherlands

João Vasco Silva Pytrik Reidsma (2024, [Artículo])

Nitrogen (N) management is essential to ensure crop growth and to balance production, economic, and environmental objectives from farm to regional levels. This study aimed to extend the WOFOST crop model with N limited production and use the model to explore options for sustainable N management for winter wheat in the Netherlands. The extensions consisted of the simulation of crop and soil N processes, stress responses to N deficiencies, and the maximum gross CO2 assimilation rate being computed from the leaf N concentration. A new soil N module, abbreviated as SNOMIN (Soil Nitrogen for Organic and Mineral Nitrogen module) was developed. The model was calibrated and evaluated against field data. The model reproduced the measured grain dry matter in all treatments in both the calibration and evaluation data sets with a RMSE of 1.2 Mg ha−1 and the measured aboveground N uptake with a RMSE of 39 kg N ha−1. Subsequently, the model was applied in a scenario analysis exploring different pathways for sustainable N use on farmers' wheat fields in the Netherlands. Farmers' reported yield and N fertilization management practices were obtained for 141 fields in Flevoland between 2015 and 2017, representing the baseline. Actual N input and N output (amount of N in grains at harvest) were estimated for each field from these data. Water and N-limited yields and N outputs were simulated for these fields to estimate the maximum attainable yield and N output under the reported N management. The investigated scenarios included (1) closing efficiency yield gaps, (2) adjusting N input to the minimum level possible without incurring yield losses, and (3) achieving 90% of the simulated water-limited yield. Scenarios 2 and 3 were devised to allow for soil N mining (2a and 3a) and to not allow for soil N mining (2b and 3b). The results of the scenario analysis show that the largest N surplus reductions without soil N mining, relative to the baseline, can be obtained in scenario 1, with an average of 75%. Accepting negative N surpluses (while maintaining yield) would allow maximum N input reductions of 84 kg N ha−1 (39%) on average (scenario 2a). However, the adjustment in N input for these pathways, and the resulting N surplus, varied strongly across fields, with some fields requiring greater N input than used by farmers.

Crop Growth Models WOFOST CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROPS NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY WINTER WHEAT SOIL WATER

Agua y cambio climático

RENE LOBATO SANCHEZ (2018, [Libro])

El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una estimación preliminar de los gases de efecto invernadero generados por los habitantes de las cabeceras municipales que conforman la cuenca del río Apatlaco, en el estado de Morelos para el periodo 2015-2017, para establecer una línea base. Los diez municipios que conforman la cuenca son: Huitzilac, Cuernavaca, Jiutepec, Temixco, Emiliano Zapata, Xochitepec, Jojutla, Tlaltizapán, Puente de Ixtla y Zacatepec.

Cambio climático Recursos hídricos Riesgos ambientales Gases efecto invernadero Aguas residuales CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA

A novel method for genomic-enabled prediction of cultivars in new environments

Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez Brandon Alejandro Mosqueda González Jose Crossa (2023, [Artículo])

Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction Gains in Accuracy Genomic Prediction Novel Methods CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION METHODS ENVIRONMENT

Review of Nationally Determined Contributions (NCD) of Vietnam from the perspective of food systems

Tek Sapkota (2023, [Documento de trabajo])

Over the past decades, Vietnam has significantly progressed and has transformed from being a food-insecure nation to one of the world’s leading exporters in food commodities, and from one of the world’s poorest countries to a low-middle-income country. The agriculture sector is dominated by rice and plays a vital role in food security, employment, and foreign exchange. Vietnam submitted its updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) in 2022 based on the NDC 2020. There is a significant increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, towards the long-term goals identified in Vietnam’s National Climate Change Strategy to 2025, and efforts are being made to fulfil the commitments made at COP26. The Agriculture Sector is the second-largest contributor of GHG emissions in Vietnam, accounting for 89.75 MtCO2eq, which was about 31.6 percent of total emissions in 2014. Rice cultivation is the biggest source of emissions in the agriculture sector, accounting for 49.35% of emissions from agriculture. The total GHG removal from Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) in 2014 was -37.54 MtCO2eq, of which the largest part was from the forest land sub-sector (35.61 MtCO2eq), followed by removal from croplands (7.31 MtCO2eq) (MONRE 2019).

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE CHANGE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOOD SYSTEMS LAND USE CHANGE AGRICULTURE POLICIES DATA ANALYSIS