Shopping centers at zmcm. The companies, location and production of a neoliberal urban space

Dante-Guillermo Celis-Galindo (2021, [Artículo, Artículo])

This work aims to analyze different aspects of shopping center at the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico City as location, opening year and developer company. Also it will identify diverse characteristics, economic and political phases in the country as well as the role of the development companies and shopping centers as a producers of a neoliberal urban space. This paper presents the way shopping centers importance has growth and how it had become in a neoliberal city characteristic; with this the characteristics of these urban works are visualized and related with their construction companies and local governments which has caused the transformation of the city. After conducting a census, with more than two hundred shopping centers, the study was delimited to those with the greatest significance by size, location and developer. At the beginning of the paper, the characteristics that shopping malls should have for the realization of this work are mentioned. In a first section an approach is made to the theoretical elements of the city and the shopping center and therefore identifying the developers that most  nfluence this process; the second section addresses the characteristics of places by location and the characteristics that urban planners have depending on the area where they are; the third section discusses the years of opening, the squares and relates to government administrations and the economic characteristics of the country; and finally, a tour of the urban regulations in Mexico City and its latest modifications is made.

shopping center neoliberalism space urban space construction company centro comercial neoliberalismo espacio espacio urbano empresa constructora HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Geospatial analysis of the distribution of empty spaces located in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas

Claudio Curzio HECTOR DE LA TORRE GUTIERREZ (2021, [Artículo, Artículo])

Reflect about urban empty spaces means looking around all these lots that are distributed in different geographical points of the cities and are characterized because they are still waiting to be built, therefore, they are vacant, and also these spaces are empty in the sense of not provide any function. In this sense, the objective of this article is to present a methodological proposal specially designed to study this type of urban elements from the particular point of view of urban geography and spatial analysis. Specifically, through a series of surveys, both digital and physical, the various urban voids located in the city of Nuevo Laredo were recorded, thereby creating a database that included a total of 3,836 case studies. In this way, using different types of statistical techniques and spatial models, it was possible to obtain and interpret the results, managing to identify exactly what were the main patterns and characteristics of said geographic distribution.

empty spaces urban vacant lots geo-spatial analysis urban geography border in Nuevo Laredo Vacíos urbanos lotes baldíos análisis geo-espacial geografía urbana frontera en Nuevo Laredo Geografía urbana economía urbana morfología urbana CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA

SOCIO-SPATIAL TRENDS: A GENERAL READING OF PUBLIC SPACE IN HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS

Mariel Organista Camacho Karen Estrella Martínez-Torres Claudia Rivera-Torres (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

Human nature implies social interaction in diverse environments, where public space, seen as an essential mediator, becomes disconnected, impersonal, and deteriorated exterior spaces, coupled with a lack of interest in participation, inclusion, and personal development. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the socio-spatial relationships in public spaces based on the inhabitant perception of two housing developments in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. This study used a mixed methodological approach to collect information by applying the following instruments: a questionnaire on public spaces, a series of in situ and aerial photographs, and field observations. A total of 196 surveys were applied from 2016 to 2019; the morphological, typological, and functional characteristics of the public space were also observed. The results evidenced an imminent need to carry out their daily activities on a smaller scale and intensity within the housing complex with a level of spatial satisfaction within a scale of 6.37/10. In this regard, the inhabitants reported a higher attendance of the public space use in Los Encinos in contrast to Villas (62.6% and 39.3%, respectively), even though the travel times were shorter in Villas. Regarding the public space usefulness, both cases weighted spatial understanding followed by access ease to the housing complex with a Pearson correlation coefficient equal to or greater than 0.47. In this sense, spatial relations showed dispersion, disorganization, and fragmentation from the ephemeral. In contrast, social relations were considered impersonal, hurried, and of convenience, subordinated to the conditions of the environment, being that personal well-being is built from relations with the exterior and with the collective itself.

Baja California Habitability Public space Social Developments Social-espatial relation conjuntos habitacionales, habitabilidad, Baja California, espacio público, relaciones socioespaciales. HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

The pedestrian trajectories derived from the barriers of the public space

Amanda Casillas Ana Victoria Casillas Zapata (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

Walking behavior respond to various factors, both internal and external, the first one is linked to the pedestrian's motivation, and the second one is linked to the opportunity offered by the built environment. The public space in the cities represents the main articulator of pedestrian movements, allowing flexible or fixed types of trips to be carried out. Therefore, those urban spaces that are detached from the network conformed by the pedestrian infrastructure could limit accessibility and alter the paths of travel. This study addresses the cases of three neighborhood parks that in recent years have had their configuration transformed by closing their perimeters in a partial or total way; the main objective of this study is to identify the types of pedestrian trajectories that derive from these barriers, as for those who move from within the neighborhoods and those who move from outside. These trajectories were analyzed under a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope. This allow us to determine that the parks, according to their disposition, have the potential to attract or repel the pedestrian movement, whether they were used as a destination or a connection place for displacement. In this way, it was possible to determine that the pedestrian trajectories are conditioned by the reduced permeability of these spaces.

Pedestrian mobility Public space Parks Barriers movilidad peatonal espacio público parques barreras conectividad HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Socio-spatial segregation of socio-environmental assets of public green spaces in the city of Durango, Mexico

Carlos Alejandro Custodio González Tania Ortiz Patricia Catalina Medina Pérez (2024, [Artículo, Artículo])

The current development model's accumulation logic has resulted in the emergence and consolidation of social processes like segregation, leading to differentiated access and availability of urban goods and services among social groups based on socioeconomic, ethnic, or societal standing. The current development model's accumulation logic has resulted in the emergence and consolidation of social processes like segregation, leading to differentiated access and availability of urban goods and services among social groups based on socioeconomic, ethnic, or societal standing. This disparity impacts employment levels, educational performance, urban decay, and environmental degradation. In this context, the article aims to examine the socio-spatial segregation in the access to socio-environmental amenities provided by public green spaces (EVP) in a medium-sized city, specifically Durango, Mexico. The analysis utilizes spatial analysis and statistical methods that involve five variables associated with EVPs: surface area, percentage, number, density, and the socioeconomic level of the population. A spatial pattern of segregation was identified through these variables, resulting in four clusters that impact how the city of Durango is inhabited, produced, reproduced, lived, and constructed.

sociospatial exclusion public space spatial autocorrelation spatial patterns spatial justice exclusión socioespacial espacio público autocorrelación espacial patrones espaciales justicia espacial CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

The listening in the contemporary city. Theoretical approaches

Gustavo Alfonso Galván Cázares José Guadalupe Rivera González (2021, [Artículo, Artículo])

The present article sets out different theoretical approaches around the sound and the act of listening in the contemporary city as well as the processes of production and significance of the city through the mentioned act. The central goal of this writing is to contribute to the interdisciplinary discussions about the coupling of sound/ listening in the field of urban studies since the aforementioned dissertations are still scarce in the Latin American context. To this effect, firstly, listening as an epistemic means by which the city is learned is discussed. Afterwards, some implications about different global processes in the urbanites’ aural practices are analyzed. Lastly, the necessity of appealing to citizen’s listening as an essential element to consider throughout the planning, construction, remodeling and the plans of territorial restructuring as well as in every physical and symbolic transformation of the city is presented. In this context some theoretical premises about the experimentation of the public space through hearing, being aware of the sound as a component that allows an appropriation and significance of the space as well as an element of social cohesion and generator of identities are analyzed.

listening sound city public space escucha sonido ciudad espacio público HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Urban muralism in cities and towns of Chiapas. Configuring collective experiences and recovering urban spaces

Maria de Lourdes Morales Vargas (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

This article expresses some reflections on the practice of urban muralism and the result of the approach to urban muralism projects or initiatives that have taken place in some cities, towns and villages in the state of Chiapas. This approach has made it possible to describe the dynamics, forms of participation, processes and agents that participate in the configuration and collective expression of urban murals in these spaces. From descriptive ethnography and its tools it was possible to approach the experiences of urban intervention that coexist with the community, in streets, parks, business walls, houses. This has made it possible to understand the practice of urban muralism as an artistic, collective, community process, a project of regeneration or urban recovery and as a practice of symbolic production of incidence in the space where it is implanted, configuring multiple experiences.

URBAN MURALISM URBAN MURAL YOUTH CREATIVE PRACTICES RECOVERY OF URBAN SPACES muralismo urbano, mural urbano, arte calle, practicas creativas juveniles, proceso artístico. CIENCIAS SOCIALES; HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS SOCIALES HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

Gráfica de protesta: PuntosB, Lapiztola y La Guillotina. Un análisis entre el cuerpo y el espacio en la imagen de protesta

Jorge Gabriel Ortiz Leroux (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

Capítulo número 5 de la Sección Imágenes y representaciones.

El objetivo del presente texto es el de mostrar como la obra emanada de colectivos de análisis del espacio social de la protesta, permite reconocer las claves que relacionan al espacio con los actores que lo ocupan. Asimismo, se pretende abordar cómo el conflicto que se interpone entre los actores de la protesta define sus magnitudes y reelabora sus disposiciones y sus formas de entrecruzamiento en relación con la presencia de la imagen. Asimismo, la representación imaginaria y visual del espacio permite ver a la ciudad como un laboratorio, que puede también ser registrado, interpretado y resituado respecto a los discursos hegemónicos. Los proyectos visuales que aquí abordamos representan un trabajo que a través de los años ha expresado su visión sobre las realidades sociales y políticas de nuestro país, en las que el conflicto aparece como telón de fondo de la creación e interpretación visual de esas realidades. La interacción entre política y estética tiene como escenario el espacio público y la ciudad, que fungen como trasfondo para la expresión de formas imaginarias y que conforman en sí mismas el sentido de los reclamos y las transformaciones gestadas. Mirando a la ciudad, observamos sus cambios y las formas de relación, cada vez más complejas, que se viven en ella.

Public spaces--Social aspects--Mexico. Dissident art. Protest movements--Mexico--Posters. Graphic arts--Political aspects--Mexico. Political posters, Mexican--20th century. Espacios públicos -- México. Arte disidente. Movimientos de protesta. Carteles políticos mexicanos. HT185 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES

Realidad virtual en fenómenos del espacio interestelar

Antonio Luciano Hernández Padilla (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

153 páginas. Maestría en Diseño y Visualización de la Información.

El proyecto es un prototipo que se distribuye en varias etapas y sigue un enfoque de diseño de videojuegos para crear una experiencia de realidad virtual (también conocida como VR Virtual Reality) organizada y coherente. Requiere una fusión de conceptos multidisciplinarios, incluyendo ingeniería, diseño tridimensional y programación, lo que demanda a los profesionales involucrados tener sólidos conocimientos y habilidades creativas. El diseño de videojuegos se valora como un proceso que exige dedicación y pasión, aunque también se destaca la importancia de establecer reglas y géneros para orientar el desarrollo del juego. En este proyecto, el juego se clasifica como una aventura en primera persona centrada en la exploración del espacio interestelar, donde el jugador debe seguir reglas preestablecidas para alcanzar objetivos. La ludología, como estudio académico de los juegos, resalta la constante esencia de jugar, aprender y socializar en los juegos. La construcción del mundo del juego se basa en un Game Design Document que describe la visión, género y objetivos del juego. "Space Travel" se centra en la exploración espacial y cuenta con una nave espacial minimalista y un exoplaneta rocoso y gélido. Las mecánicas del juego se centran en la recolección de objetos y su activación, con reglas que guían la interacción del jugador con el entorno. Este proyecto busca ofrecer una experiencia de VR inmersiva y atractiva, centrada en el usuario. El enfoque en los principios de diseño de videojuegos y la planificación a través del Game Design Document demuestran un compromiso con la creación de una experiencia gratificante y significativa. La atención a la inmersión y las mecánicas de juego respaldan la afirmación de que es un desarrollo centrado en la experiencia del usuario.

The ongoing project is a prototype in various stages, following a game design approach to create an organized and coherent virtual reality experience. It requires a fusion of multidisciplinary concepts, including engineering, three-dimensional design, and programming, demanding that involved professionals possess strong knowledge and creative skills. Game design is valued as a process that demands dedication and passion, while also emphasizing the importance of establishing rules and genres to guide game development. In this project, the game is classified as a first-person adventure focused on interstellar space exploration, where the player must adhere to preset rules to achieve objectives. Ludology, as an academic study of games, highlights the constant essence of playing, learning, and socializing within games. The construction of the game world is based on a Game Design Document describing the vision, genre, and objectives of the game. "Space Travel" focuses on space exploration, featuring a minimalist spaceship and an icy, rocky exoplanet. Game mechanics revolve around object collection and activation, with rules guiding the player's interaction with the environment. This project aims to deliver an immersive and engaging virtual reality experience centered on the user. The focus on game design principles and planning through the Game Design Document demonstrates a commitment to creating a rewarding and meaningful experience. Attention to immersion and game mechanics supports the assertion that it's a user experience focused development.

Espacio, realidad, virtual, interactividad, diseño, experiencia, usuario. Space, Virtual, Reality, interactivity, design, user, experience. Video games--Design. Outer space--Exploration. Video games--Programming. VRML (Computer program language) Three-dimensional display systems. Videojuegos -- Diseño. Espacio exterior -- Exploración. Diseño de sistemas centrado en el usuario. QA76.76.C672 INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE LOS ORDENADORES DISEÑO CON AYUDA DE ORDENADOR

Informalidad laboral municipal en México: análisis de sus causas desde un enfoque espacial

Edison Smith Fonseca Correcha (2020, [Tesis de maestría])

Para el año 2019, más de 30 millones de trabajadores mexicanos estuvieron ejerciendo sus labores en condiciones informales, es decir, excluidos de la seguridad social. Para mitigar este problema público, las políticas públicas en diferentes niveles de gobierno han estado enfocadas principalmente en atacar dos de las posibles causas del problema: los incentivos económicos y la formación de la fuerza laboral. Con el fin de hacer una contribución sobre la relevancia de otras causas en la informalidad laboral, esta investigación presenta evidencia sobre el efecto que tienen los factores espaciales, sociodemográficos, de incentivos económicos y de estructura empresarial sobre la informalidad laboral municipal. Con base en los hallazgos, las recomendaciones de política pública se enfocan en aprovechar algunas estrategias de desarrollo económico regional para generar la conformación de aglomeraciones municipales de empleo formal.

Informal sector (Economics) -- Effect of space on -- Mexico -- Econometric models. Informal sector (Economics) -- Effect of demography on -- Mexico -- Econometric models. Informal sector (Economics) -- Effect of economic aspects on -- Mexico -- Econometric models. CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES