Investigation of the impact of Arundo donax in Mexico and evaluation of candidate biological control agents

MARICELA MARTINEZ JIMENEZ (2018, [Documento de trabajo])

The arrival and spread of non-native species into new environments is a serious threat to ecosystems, that is the case of Arundo donax L. (Poaceae Arundinoideae), a perennial grass native to the western Mediterranean to India. Arundo donax was introduced to North America from the Iberian Peninsula within the last 500 years and is now a widespread and invasive weed in the Rio Grande Basin, (the border line between Mexico and the United States) and in almost all the basins in Mexico. This plant is extremely invasive and damaging, affecting especially water supplies. In many parts of Mexico, precipitation and inflows periodically decline and result in a drought, for this reason water conservation programs have to consider the inclusion of control programs of this plant. In Mexico, A. donax is managed by cutting the stems, which is ineffective because of prolific asexual reproduction from an extensive rhizome system, and by using herbicides. However, evidence of serious harm to health and the environment of chemical control indicates that the herbicides are not desirable for it use in shorelines of water bodies where Arundo's infestations are established.

Especies invasoras Impacto ambiental Control de malezas Control biológico BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA

A comprehensive review of wheat phytochemicals: From farm to fork and beyond

Wenfei Tian Michael Tilley Zhonghu He Yonghui Li (2022, [Artículo])

Cereal Nutrients Health Benefits Wheat Phytochemicals CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ALKYLRESORCINOLS ANTIOXIDANTS PHENOLIC ACIDS WHEAT

Genetic variability for aluminium tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Subhash Chander Ana Luisa Garcia-Oliveira (2022, [Artículo])

Characterization Variability CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ALUMINIUM TOXICITY STRESS SUNFLOWERS GENETIC VARIATION

Herramientas biológicas para el análisis de toxicidad y detección de efectos asociados a contaminantes, en sistemas acuáticos epicontinentales, costeros y aguas de uso antropogénico : desarrollo, adaptación y calibración de tecnologías: 2a parte

YOLANDA PICA GRANADOS (2013, [Documento de trabajo])

El presente proyecto, iniciado en el año 2011 con continuidad en 2012, se ha efectuado para desarrollar y/o adaptar herramientas biológicas para su aplicación en el contexto ambiental, con el fin de lograr el desarrollo o adaptación de procedimientos de análisis biológico que permitan la evaluación de los posibles efectos de la amplia gama de xenobióticos que actualmente residen en los ecosistemas, incluidos tanto los contaminantes convencionales enlistados en normas, como los compuestos emergentes, respecto a los cuales es necesario intensificar la investigación para el desarrollo de técnicas analíticas, biológicas y químicas, que sean de utilidad para su identificación en el ambiente y para la definición de efectos en la biota y del riesgo al ambiente.

Ecotoxicología Danio rerio Alevines BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA

Big data, small explanatory and predictive power: Lessons from random forest modeling of on-farm yield variability and implications for data-driven agronomy

Martin van Ittersum (2023, [Artículo])

Context: Collection and analysis of large volumes of on-farm production data are widely seen as key to understanding yield variability among farmers and improving resource-use efficiency. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of statistical and machine learning methods to explain and predict crop yield across thousands of farmers’ fields in contrasting farming systems worldwide. Methods: A large database of 10,940 field-year combinations from three countries in different stages of agricultural intensification was analyzed. Random effects models were used to partition crop yield variability and random forest models were used to explain and predict crop yield within a cross-validation scheme with data re-sampling over space and time. Results: Yield variability in relative terms was smallest for wheat and barley in the Netherlands and for wheat in Ethiopia, intermediate for rice in the Philippines, and greatest for maize in Ethiopia. Random forest models comprising a total of 87 variables explained a maximum of 65 % of cereal yield variability in the Netherlands and less than 45 % of cereal yield variability in Ethiopia and in the Philippines. Crop management related variables were important to explain and predict cereal yields in Ethiopia, while predictive (i.e., known before the growing season) climatic variables and explanatory (i.e., known during or after the growing season) climatic variables were most important to explain and predict cereal yield variability in the Philippines and in the Netherlands, respectively. Finally, model cross-validation for regions or years not seen during model training reduced the R2 considerably for most crop x country combinations, while for wheat in the Netherlands this was model dependent. Conclusion: Big data from farmers’ fields is useful to explain on-farm yield variability to some extent, but not to predict it across time and space. Significance: The results call for moderate expectations towards big data and machine learning in agronomic studies, particularly for smallholder farms in the tropics where model performance was poorest independently of the variables considered and the cross-validation scheme used.

Model Accuracy Model Precision Linear Mixed Models CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MACHINE LEARNING SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION BIG DATA YIELDS MODELS AGRONOMY

Fabricación de nanopartículas de oro dentro de óxido de aluminio (γ-Al2O3) nanoestructurado con cavidades esféricas

Manufacturing of Gold Nanoparticles within Nanostructured Aluminum Oxide (γ-Al2O3) with Spherical Cavities

Mariela de Jesús Franco Gallegos (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

Los catalizadores basados en nanopartículas de oro han generado gran interés, gracias a su capacidad de ser selectivos en la promoción de reacciones específicas o en la producción de productos deseados, minimizando la formación de productos secundarios no deseados; sus propiedades electrónicas únicas; y su utilización bajo condiciones ambientales. Sin embargo, la desventaja principal de los catalizadores de oro es la sinterización de las nanopartículas debido a su baja temperatura de fusión, lo que provoca la pérdida de actividad catalítica y la desactivación del catalizador. Una de lassoluciones que ofrece el uso de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología es la utilización de soportes nanoestructurados que den mejor estabilidad a las nanopartículas y las protejan de la desactivación. En este trabajo se sintetizaron catalizadores basados en nanopartículas de oro soportados y encapsulados en alúmina macroporosa, por un método de impregnación húmeda asistida por ultrasonido; un método sencillo, rápido y ecológico. El desempeño catalítico de materiales sintetizados se analizó mediante espectroscopía UV-Visible in-situ en la reducción de 4-Nitrofenol a 4-Aminofenol. Así mismo, se presentan las caracterizaciones por TEM, SEM, FT-IR, espectroscopía UV-Visible, y XRD de catalizadores obtenidos. Se obtuvieron catalizadores altamente activos con alto rendimiento gracias al uso de un soporte nanoestructurado.

Catalysts -based on gold nanoparticles have recently gained interest due to their ability to selectively promote specific catalytic reactions or produce desired products, while minimizing the formation of unwanted byproducts, their unique electronic properties, and their utilization under ambient conditions. However, the main drawback of gold catalysts is the sintering of nanoparticles due to their low melting temperature, which leads to loss of catalytic activity and catalyst deactivation. One of the solutions offered by nanoscience and nanotechnology is the use of nanostructured supports that provide better stability to the nanoparticles and protect them from deactivation. In this work, gold nanoparticle-based catalysts supported and encapsulated in macroporous alumina were synthesized using a simple, fast, and eco-friendly method of ultrasound-assisted wet impregnation. The catalytic performance of synthetized materials was evaluated by in-situ UV-Visible spectroscopy in the reduction of 4-Nitrophenol to 4-Aminophenol. In addition, their characterization by TEM, SEM, FT-IR, UV Visible spectroscopy and XRD are presented. Highly active catalysts with high performance were obtained thanks to the use of a nanostructured supports.

nanopartículas de oro, alúmina macroporosa, impregnación, reducción 4-NF gold nanoparticles, macroporous alumina, impregnation, 4-NF reduction INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS TECNOLOGÍA DE MATERIALES PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES

LGBT+ media on the Internet: experiences of communication and information in Mexico

RAUL ANTHONY OLMEDO NERI (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

Two digital LGBT+ media in Mexico are analyzed to understand the implications of their operation and their articulation with the informational and social needs of sex-gender populations. It starts from the communicational perspective to conceptualize these projects as exercises in technological appropriation but highlighting their empirical intersections with other analytical frameworks. Through the method of systematizing the experience, the trajectories of ANODIS and Seis Franjas Mx have been recovered; through semi-structured interviews conducted with their co-founders in February 2022, the reasons, horizons and challenges that these projects have faced are analyzed. The results show that the lack of LGBT+ content and representations in the media motivate the creation of these projects, which articulate a sense of collaboration and sociality with other users belonging to sex-gender communities. In addition, the people participating in these projects are part of the LGBT+ populations, becoming them producers and consumers of information that claim the gender-identity dimension in the content. Likewise, these initiatives are specified in the youth stage of their co-founders, which refers to rethinking the role of LGBT+ youth in the new forms of activism and socialization mediated by Internet. Finally, given the progressive formation of this area of ​​knowledge and the lack of consensus on its definition, it is proposed to name this interdisciplinary field of study as LGBT+ Communicational Studies, to show an epistemological perspective from communication and a Latin American ontological position.

Medios de comunicación Internet LGBT Jóvenes redes sociales de apoyo CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES Media LGBT youth

Implementation of a Nickel-Electroless Coating in Heat Exchanger Pipes Considering the Problem of the Environmental Conditions ofthe Cooling Water Without Recirculation to Increase the Effectiveness Under Uncertainty

VICTOR MANUEL ZEZATTI FLORES GUSTAVO URQUIZA BELTRAN MIGUEL ANGEL BASURTO PENSADO LAURA LILIA CASTRO GOMEZ JUAN CARLOS GARCIA CASTREJON (2022, [Artículo])

This research is based on the operation tube heat exchangers, their use and problematic on hydroelectric power plants. It is based on the design heat exchanger tubes for industrial use, which took the parameters of operation, design, working fluids (air and water) and conditions to assemble a monitoring equipment at appropriate scale for the laboratory, with the necessary measurement instruments to analyze the behavior of heat energy transfer by means of thermocouples, the velocity of the air with a hot wire anemometer and the flow of water with a turbine flow meter, in pipes of different materials: copper, steel 1018 and stainless steel 316L, all in ideal conditions, and with this to found a comparative parameter with pipes of the same materials but under conditions of deterioration with the presence of forced oxidation and with the data mining and support vector machine can be minimized the corrosion problems in pipes.

INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS Data mining, Support Vector Machine, Pattern Recognition and Decision Support System, Heat exchangers

Statistical machine-learning methods for genomic prediction using the SKM library

Osval Antonio Montesinos-Lopez Brandon Alejandro Mosqueda González Jose Crossa (2023, [Artículo])

Sparse Kernel Methods R package Statistical Machine Learning Genomic Selection CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION MACHINE LEARNING GENOMICS METHODS

OPTIMIZING THE TRANSFER OF ENERGY IN A HEAT EXCHANGER MINIMIZING THE CORROSION PROBLEMS IN PIPES IN A HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION USING DATA MINING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

VICTOR MANUEL ZEZATTI FLORES GUSTAVO URQUIZA BELTRAN MIGUEL ANGEL BASURTO PENSADO LAURA LILIA CASTRO GOMEZ (2019, [Artículo])

This research is based on the operation tube heat exchangers, their use and problematic on hydroelectric power plants. It is based on the design heat exchanger tubes for industrial use, which took the parameters of operation, design, working fluids (air and water) and conditions to assemble a monitoring equipment at appropriate scale for the laboratory, with the necessary measurement instruments to analyze the behavior of heat energy transfer by means of thermocouples, the velocity of the air with a hot wire anemometer and the flow of water with a turbine flow meter, in pipes of different materials: copper, steel 1018 and stainless steel 316L, all in ideal conditions, and with this to found a comparative parameter with pipes of the same materials but under conditions of deterioration with the presence of forced oxidation and with the data mining and support vector machine can be minimized the corrosion problems in pipes.

INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS Data Mining, Support Vector Machine, Pattern Recognition and Decision Support System, heat exchangers.