Spatial phylogenetics in Hechtioideae (Bromeliaceae) reveals recent diversification and dispersal

La filogenética espacial de Hechtioideae (Bromeliaceae) revela diversificación y dispersión reciente

Ricardo Rivera Martinez Ivón Mercedes Ramírez Morillo José Arturo de Nova Vázquez GERMAN CARNEVALI FERNANDEZ CONCHA Juan Pablo Pinzón Katya J. Romero-Soler NESTOR EDUARDO RAIGOZA FLORES (2022, [Artículo])

Background: Hechtioideae is a group of Bromeliaceae that is distributed in Megamexico III. In recent years, evolutionary relationships within this lineage have been studied; however, the biogeography of these plants have not yet been explored from a phylogenetic framework. The integration of geographic and phylogenetic information in the evolutionary study of organisms has facilitated the identification of patterns, as well as the exploration of new hypotheses that allow for the understanding the processes that have influenced the evolutionary history of lineages. Questions and/or Hypotheses: What is the biogeographic history of this lineage? How Hechtioideae has diversified over time? Results: The Neotropical region has the highest species richness of Hechtioideae and the Mexican Transition Zone is the area with the greatest phylogenetic diversity. This lineage presented its highest diversification rate during the late Miocene and Pleistocene (6.5-1 Ma). The ancestral area of the group corresponds to the Neotropical region and the Mexican Transition Zone. In addition, Hechtioideae spread across its current ranges through multiple dispersal events associated with climatic and geological events during the last 10 Ma. Conclusions: Hechtioideae is a group of recent origin whose evolutionary history has been strongly influenced by geological and climatic events over the past 10 Ma, such as the glacial and interglacial periods of the Pleistocene and the great tectonic and volcanic activity that led to the formation of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. © 2022 Sociedad Botanica de Mexico, A.C. All rights reserved.

ANCESTRAL AREA RECONSTRUCTION BIOGEOGRAPHY CONSERVATION DISTRIBUTION PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Shopping for Ecological Indices? On the Use of Incidence-Based Species Compositional Similarity Measures

IAN MACGREGOR FORS FEDERICO ESCOBAR SARRIA JUAN FERNANDO ESCOBAR IBAÑEZ NATALIA MESA SIERRA FREDY ALEXANDER ALVARADO ROBERTO Rafael Rueda Hernández CLAUDIA ELIZABETH MORENO ORTEGA Ina Falfán ERICK JOAQUIN CORRO MENDEZ Eduardo Octavio Pineda Arredondo Amandine Bourg JOSE LUIS AGUILAR LOPEZ (2022, [Artículo])

"β-diversity has been under continuous debate, with a current need to better understand the way in which a new wave of measures work. We assessed the results of 12 incidence-based β-diversity indices. Our results of gradual species composition overlap between paired assemblages considering progressive differences in species richness show the following: (i) four indices (β-2, β-3, β-3.s, and βr) should be used cautiously given that results with no shared species retrieve results that could be misinterpreted; (ii) all measures conceived specifically as partitioned components of species compositional dissimilarities ought to be used as such and not as independent measures per se; (iii) the non-linear response of some indices to gradual species composition overlap should be interpreted carefully, and further analysis using their results as dependent variables should be performed cautiously; and (iv) two metrics (βsim and βsor) behave predictably and linearly to gradual species composition overlap. We encourage ecologists using measures of β-diversity to fully understand their mathematical nature and type of results under the scenario to be used in order to avoid inappropriate and misleading inferences."

Beta diversity Nestedness Replacement Richness difference Species turnover BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Exploring the genetic diversity and population structure of wheat landrace population conserved at ICARDA genebank

Muhammad Massub Tehseen Fatma Aykut Tonk Ahmed Amri Carolina Sansaloni Ezgi Kurtulus Muhammad Salman Mubarik Kumarse Nazari (2022, [Artículo])

Wheat Landraces Genetic Diversity SNP Markers Analysis of Molecular Variance AMOVA CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA BREEDING DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS GENETIC VARIATION GENETIC DISTANCE GENETIC IMPROVEMENT GENETIC MARKERS HEXAPLOIDY LANDRACES POPULATION STRUCTURE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM TRITICUM AESTIVUM WHEAT

José Revueltas, entre la realidad y la ficción: una lectura historiográfica de Los muros de agua

MELISSA MARCELA MARTINEZ LEMUS (2010, [Tesis de maestría])

157 páginas. Maestría en Historiografía.

En este trabajo se plantea un acercamiento historiográfico con una obra de ficción: Los muros de agua, de José Revueltas, para analizar la medida en que ésta puede ser susceptible a un análisis que recupere y dé cuenta de la historicidad inscrita en el entramado literario. Son varios los elementos que contribuyen a este fin, particularmente, el carácter testimonial de la obra que nos ocupa, así como el ser la primera novela publicada por el autor, convirtiéndola en su primer experimento literario formal. Se trata de acercarnos al autor, pero más que nada al contexto que éste vivió usando como principal objeto de estudio su obra, dejando al margen, — aunque no por ello ignorados— lo que otros autores dicen de él, pues “(Ése es) el problema de los escritores que están sobre todo en sus libros y ahí hay que ir a buscarlos antes que a ninguna otra parte”. El trabajo es un análisis interpretativo que se basa en la visión de Gadamer, sobre el círculo hermenéutico, así como en la visión de Geertz sobre la descripción densa, desde una perspectiva historiográfica donde, a partir del análisis de una novela, se demuestren las posibilidades del relato de ficción para un estudio historiográfico.

Historiography--Mexico. Literature and history. Revueltas, José, 1914-1976--Criticism and interpretation. Historiografía. Literatura e historia. Autores mexicanos. F1224 CIENCIAS SOCIALES HISTORIA HISTORIA GENERAL HISTORIOGRAFÍA

Influence of conservation agriculture-based production systems on bacterial diversity and soil quality in rice-wheat-greengram cropping system in eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Anup Das virender kumar Peter Craufurd Andrew Mcdonald Sonam Sherpa (2023, [Artículo])

Introduction: Conservation agriculture (CA) is gaining attention in the South Asia as an environmentally benign and sustainable food production system. The knowledge of the soil bacterial community composition along with other soil properties is essential for evaluating the CA-based management practices for achieving the soil environment sustainability and climate resilience in the rice-wheat-greengram system. The long-term effects of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment (TCE) methods on earthworm population, soil parameters as well as microbial diversity have not been well studied. Methods: Seven treatments (or scenarios) were laid down with the various tillage (wet, dry, or zero-tillage), establishment method (direct-or drill-seeding or transplantation) and residue management practices (mixed with the soil or kept on the soil surface). The soil samples were collected after 7 years of experimentation and analyzed for the soil quality and bacterial diversity to examine the effect of tillage-cum-crop establishment methods. Results and Discussion: Earthworm population (3.6 times), soil organic carbon (11.94%), macro (NPK) (14.50–23.57%) and micronutrients (Mn, and Cu) (13.25 and 29.57%) contents were appreciably higher under CA-based TCE methods than tillage-intensive farming practices. Significantly higher number of OTUs (1,192 ± 50) and Chao1 (1415.65 ± 14.34) values were observed in partial CA-based production system (p ≤ 0.05). Forty-two (42) bacterial phyla were identified across the scenarios, and Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were the most dominant in all the scenarios. The CA-based scenarios harbor a high abundance of Proteobacteria (2–13%), whereas the conventional tillage-based scenarios were dominated by the bacterial phyla Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi and found statistically differed among the scenarios (p ≤ 0.05). Composition of the major phyla, i.e., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were associated differently with either CA or farmers-based tillage management practices. Overall, the present study indicates the importance of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment methods in shaping the bacterial diversity, earthworms population, soil organic carbon, and plant nutrient availability, which are crucial for sustainable agricultural production and resilience in agro-ecosystem.

Metagenomics Bacterial Diversity Rice-Wheat-Greengram CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE DNA SEQUENCES EARTHWORMS METAGENOMICS SOIL QUALITY AGROECOSYSTEMS

Climate-smart agricultural practices influence the fungal communities and soil properties under major agri-food systems

madhu choudhary ML JAT Parbodh Chander Sharma (2022, [Artículo])

Fungal communities in agricultural soils are assumed to be affected by climate, weather, and anthropogenic activities, and magnitude of their effect depends on the agricultural activities. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the impact of the portfolio of management practices on fungal communities and soil physical–chemical properties. The study comprised different climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management scenarios (Sc) established on the principles of conservation agriculture (CA), namely, ScI is conventional tillage-based rice–wheat rotation, ScII is partial CA-based rice–wheat–mungbean, ScIII is partial CSA-based rice–wheat–mungbean, ScIV is partial CSA-based maize–wheat–mungbean, and ScV and ScVI are CSA-based scenarios and similar to ScIII and ScIV, respectively, except for fertigation method. All the scenarios were flood irrigated except the ScV and ScVI where water and nitrogen were given through subsurface drip irrigation. Soils of these scenarios were collected from 0 to 15 cm depth and analyzed by Illumina paired-end sequencing of Internal Transcribed Spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) for the study of fungal community composition. Analysis of 5 million processed sequences showed a higher Shannon diversity index of 1.47 times and a Simpson index of 1.12 times in maize-based CSA scenarios (ScIV and ScVI) compared with rice-based CSA scenarios (ScIII and ScV). Seven phyla were present in all the scenarios, where Ascomycota was the most abundant phyla and it was followed by Basidiomycota and Zygomycota. Ascomycota was found more abundant in rice-based CSA scenarios as compared to maize-based CSA scenarios. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen were found to be 1.62 and 1.25 times higher in CSA scenarios compared with other scenarios. Bulk density was found highest in farmers' practice (Sc1); however, mean weight diameter and water-stable aggregates were found lowest in ScI. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties were found better under CSA-based practices, which also increased the wheat grain yield by 12.5% and system yield by 18.8%. These results indicate that bundling/layering of smart agricultural practices over farmers' practices has tremendous effects on soil properties, and hence play an important role in sustaining soil quality/health.

Agriculture Management Fungal Community Diversity Indices Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE TILLAGE CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE SOIL ORGANIC CARBON

El duraznillo (Tapirira mexicana): una especie comestible poco conocida

Leonardo Díaz Sánchez CESAR ISIDRO CARVAJAL HERNANDEZ ELIA NORA AQUINO BOLAÑOS MARIA DEL SOCORRO HERRERA MEZA (2023, [Artículo])

Tapirira mexicana es un árbol de la familia Anacardiaceae (familia del mango), que se conoce como “duraznillo” o “huichini” (entre otros nombres comunes). En algunos lugares de México se consume la semilla como alimento secundario. Las semillas contienen ácidos grasos poliinsaturados y monoinsaturados cuyo potencial alimenticio y efectos en el organismo humano se desconocen. Resaltamos la importancia de Tapirira mexicana, en particular el consumo de sus semillas, una especie comestible que es poco valorada y reconocida en México.

ALIMENTO ANACARDIACEAE DURAZNILLO ESPECIE MEXICANA SEMILLAS BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Andamios interiores: génesis del estridentismo

Eli Abraham Escobedo González (2023, [Otro, Trabajo terminal, especialidad])

68 páginas. Especialización en Literatura Mexicana del Siglo XX.

Esta investigación recibió apoyo del Sistema Nacional de Posgrados (SNP), del Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT)

La mayoría de vanguardias entabló la renovación como idea primigenia que rechazaba el pasado y buscaba fundar la idea del presente y del futuro. Dicha idea estaba permeada por el mundo moderno que se configuró a principios del siglo XX. Aquella idea de renovación se diseñó dentro de la retórica y del discurso vanguardista. El estridentismo no fue la excepción. Aun, el estridentismo utilizó la performatividad para enfatizar la idea de la renovación. Es ahí cuando, dentro de esa performatividad, Manuel Maples Arce y los otros miembros del estridentismo acuñaron un lenguaje grandilocuente semejante a la retórica bíblica. Dicho acto tuvo como propósito el escándalo para la posterior incorporación del estridentismo dentro del campo literario. Esta estrategia no sólo quedó en el acto performativo, sino también podemos encontrarlo dentro de algunas obras literarias. Tal es el caso de Andamios Interiores, primer poemario del estridentismo compuesto por Manuel Maples Arce. De esta manera, existe un paralelismo entre el poemario de Maples Arce y el mito bíblico del génesis. De este modo, el yo lírico del texto se erige como un Adán moderno, un hombre que hereda el nuevo mundo, es decir, el Edén mecánico de la ciudad, lugar idóneo del estridentismo. Asimismo, aparece la mujer moderna como coheredera de la sociedad fabril. Ambos cumplen ciertos roles que analizaremos en el presente trabajo.

Maples Arce, Manuel, 1900-1981--Criticism and interpretation. Estridentismo (Literary movement)--Mexico--20th century. Estridentismo (Movimiento literario) Autores mexicanos. PQ7297.M274 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA LITERARIAS

Molecular characterization of doubled haploid lines derived from different cycles of the Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (BSSS) maize population

Jode Edwards Sarah Hearne (2023, [Artículo])

Homozygous Lines CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENETIC DIVERSITY (AS RESOURCE) GENETIC RESOURCES ZEA MAYS GENOTYPING DOUBLED HAPLOIDS SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS

A 'wiring diagram' for sink strength traits impacting wheat yield potential

Gustavo Slafer John Foulkes Matthew Paul Reynolds Erik Murchie A Elizabete Carmo-Silva Simon Griffiths (2023, [Artículo])

Grain Number Grain Weight Yield Physiology CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA BREEDING GRAIN HARVEST INDEX SOURCE SINK RELATIONS YIELD COMPONENTS WHEAT