Structural analysis evaluationfor rollers of chassis dynoUsing finite element software

Jesús Emmanuel López Rizo ALFREDO CHAVEZ LUNA JAIME GONZALO SANTANA ESQUIVEL (2023, [Artículo])

This paper discusses the design considerations for a chassis dynamometer, focused on the rollers system used for measuring the power and torque of a vehicle in a university-level workshop. The design must prioritize factors such as safety, ease of use, adaptability to diverse types of vehicles, and the inclusion of safety systems to protect students and the vehicle. The work suggests adaptative features for the design, such as an adjustable fastening system and a compact and portable design, to adapt the structure into a university laboratory. The study also describes common methods for measuring engine power and torque using a chassis dynamometer, and the accurate and reliable measurement systems used for this purpose. This concludes with a discussion of the manufacturing methods used for the chassis dynamometer and a static analysis of the maximum effort capacity in each roller using Von Mises and Goodman fatigue theories. Developing a chassis dynamometer, in accordance the current patents available for workshop practices in a university is essential for providing students with comprehensive training.

Chassis dynamometer Conceptual design Finite element software Power and torque measurement Structural analysis INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS OTRAS

Do provisioning ecosystem services change along gradients of increasing agricultural production?

Ronju Ahammad Stephanie Tomscha Sarah Gergel Frédéric Baudron Jean-Yves Duriaux Chavarría Samson Foli Dominic Rowland Josh Van Vianen Terence Sunderland (2024, [Artículo])

Context: Increasing agricultural production shapes the flow of ecosystem services (ES), including provisioning services that support the livelihoods and nutrition of people in tropical developing countries. Although our broad understanding of the social-ecological consequences of agricultural intensification is growing, how it impacts provisioning ES is still unknown. Objectives: We examined the household use of provisioning ES across a gradient of increasing agricultural production in seven tropical countries (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia). We answered two overarching questions: (1) does the use of provisioning ES differ along gradients of agriculture production ranging from zones of subsistence to moderate and to high agriculture production? and (2) are there synergies and/or trade-offs within and among groups of ES within these zones? Methods: Using structured surveys, we asked 1900 households about their assets, livestock, crops, and collection of forest products. These questions allowed us to assess the number of provisioning ES households used, and whether the ES used are functionally substitutable (i.e., used similarly for nutrition, material, and energy). Finally, we explored synergies and trade-offs among household use of provisioning ES. Results: As agricultural production increased, provisioning ES declined both in total number and in different functional groups used. We found more severe decreases in ES for relatively poorer households. Within the functional groups of ES, synergistic relationships were more often found than trade-offs in all zones, including significant synergies among livestock products (dairy, eggs, meat) and fruits. Conclusions: Considering landscape context provides opportunities to enhance synergies among provisioning services for households, supporting resilient food systems and human well-being.

Agricultural Production Zones Agricultural Intensifcation Synergies and Trade-Offs Landscape Multifunctionality Social-Ecological Systems CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LANDSCAPE SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

Manifiestos y proclamas. La Lucha por las ideas en el campo artístico posrevolucionario mexicano (1921-1929)

Iván López Galicia (2023, [Otro, Trabajo terminal, especialidad])

66 páginas. Especialización en Literatura Mexicana del Siglo XX.

Esta investigación recibió apoyo del Sistema Nacional de Posgrados (SNP), del Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT)

Recién iniciada la década de 1920 en México, se publicaron una serie de manifiestos artísticopolíticos, estos fueron El primer manifiesto estridentista, El manifiesto del Sindicato de Obreros Técnicos, Pintores y Escultores, y años más tarde el Manifiesto del grupo 30-30. Dichos documentos buscaban irrumpir e incidir en el espacio social del arte, pues contenían un carácter expositivo y performativo. Esos 3 documentos representaban el papel que querían desempeñar los artistas, al tiempo que exponía las ideas con las que éstos se autodefinieron como agentes capaces de lograr un cambio social a partir de sus producciones culturales. Además, los manifiestos establecían el inicio de algo nuevo, actual; pues conducían a sus receptores para orientarlos en torno a cómo querían ser leídos, vistos y juzgados. Finalmente, fue a partir de la emisión de estos textos que se identificaron enemigos en común, pues el género manifiesto es combativo por definición. Si nos enfocamos en establecer una traza histórica de las trayectorias de los sujetos sociales (artistas) que se involucraron en esta batalla por las ideas, es posible apreciar las dinámicas de interacción, las disputas y las relaciones que establecieron en sus propios espacios sociales, las cuales definiremos como campos, siguiendo la teoría de Pierre Bourdieu.

Art, Latin American--20th century. Art manifestos--Latin America. Art--Political aspects--Latin America. Literary manifestos. Revolutionary literature--History and criticism. Authors--Political and social views. Manifiestos de arte. Manifiestos políticos. Manifiestos literarios. N6502.5 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA LITERARIAS

Performances of three-way cross hybrids over their respective single crosses and related heterosis of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids evaluated in Ethiopia

Dagne Wegary Gissa Amsal Tarekegne (2023, [Artículo])

Three-Way Crosses Single-Crosses Better and Mid-Parent Heterosis CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROSS-BREEDING HYBRIDS HETEROSIS MAIZE

Vida de un muerto. Entre nuestro universo y el otro

Nicolás Amoroso Boelcke (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

Capítulo número 3 de la Sección Imágenes y representaciones.

Se analiza el film Raymond & Ray, desde la construcción de la vida de Harris, personaje muerto desde el principio del film, y esto se hace mediante las palabras, no con escenas de la infancia que mencionan Raymond y Ray ni tampoco en las acciones que participa con los otros perso¬najes que hablan de él. Harris habita el filme desde las palabras.

Semiotics and motion pictures. Culture--Semiotic models. Dialogue analysis. Semiótica y cine. Análisis del diálogo. NX180.S46 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES CINEMATOGRAFÍA

Géneros y afectos en la espacialidad universitaria: perspectivas para el diseño de campus futuros

Griselda Flesler Carolina Spataro RAFAEL BLANCO (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

Este trabajo analiza el impacto en el espacio universitario de las políticas de género implementadas en el ámbito de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA, Argentina) entre los años 2015 y 2020. Se trata de un estudio de caso realizado en el ámbito de la Ciudad Universitaria, campus en el que se emplazan las facultades de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN) y de Arquitectura, Diseño y Urbanismo (FADU). El propósito de este artículo es problematizar la relación entre afecto y espacialidad a partir de los resultados de una encuesta que se propuso identificar cuáles son las emociones que suscitan algunos espacios cotidianos para quienes trabajan y estudian en el campus de la UBA, en particular, aquellos intervenidos con políticas de género durante los últimos años.

This paper analyzes the impact on spaciality of gender policies implemented at the University of Buenos Aires (UBA, Argentina) between 2015 and 2020. It is a case study carried out in the campus where the Faculties of Exact and Natural Sciences (FCEyN) and Architecture, Design and Urbanism (FADU) are located. The purpose of this article is to problematize the relationship between affective perception and spatiality based on the results of a survey that aimed to identify the emotions that some daily spaces arouse for those who work and study on the UBA Campus, in particular, those intervened with gender policies in recent years.

Universidad, espacio, género, giro afectivo. University, space, gender, affective turn. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Gender mainstreaming. Community and college. Incorporación de la perspectiva de género. Universidades. Comunidad y universidad. LC191.98.A74 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA PEDAGOGÍA ORGANIZACIÓN Y PLANIFICACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN

Bundling subsurface drip irrigation with no-till provides a window to integrate mung bean with intensive cereal systems for improving resource use efficiency

Manish Kakraliya madhu choudhary Mahesh Gathala Parbodh Chander Sharma ML JAT (2024, [Artículo])

The future of South Asia’s major production system (rice–wheat rotation) is at stake due to continuously aggravating pressure on groundwater aquifers and other natural resources which will further intensify with climate change. Traditional practices, conventional tillage (CT) residue burning, and indiscriminate use of groundwater with flood irrigation are the major drivers of the non-sustainability of rice–wheat (RW) system in northwest (NW) India. For designing sustainable practices in intensive cereal systems, we conducted a study on bundled practices (zero tillage, residue mulch, precise irrigation, and mung bean integration) based on multi-indicator (system productivity, profitability, and efficiency of water, nitrogen, and energy) analysis in RW system. The study showed that bundling conservation agriculture (CA) practices with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) saved ~70 and 45% (3-year mean) of irrigation water in rice and wheat, respectively, compared to farmers’ practice/CT practice (pooled data of Sc1 and Sc2; 1,035 and 318 mm ha−1). On a 3-year system basis, CA with SDI scenarios (mean of Sc5–Sc8) saved 35.4% irrigation water under RW systems compared to their respective CA with flood irrigation (FI) scenarios (mean of Sc3 and Sc4) during the investigation irrespective of residue management. CA with FI system increased the water productivity (WPi) and its use efficiency (WUE) by ~52 and 12.3% (3-year mean), whereas SDI improved by 221.2 and 39.2% compared to farmers practice (Sc1; 0.69 kg grain m−3 and 21.39 kg grain ha−1 cm−1), respectively. Based on the 3-year mean, CA with SDI (mean of Sc5–Sc8) recorded −2.5% rice yield, whereas wheat yield was +25% compared to farmers practice (Sc1; 5.44 and 3.79 Mg ha−1) and rice and wheat yield under CA with flood irrigation were increased by +7 and + 11%, compared to their respective CT practices. Mung bean integration in Sc7 and Sc8 contributed to ~26% in crop productivity and profitability compared to farmers’ practice (Sc1) as SDI facilitated advancing the sowing time by 1 week. On a system basis, CA with SDI improved energy use efficiency (EUE) by ~70% and partial factor productivity of N by 18.4% compared to CT practices. In the RW system of NW India, CA with SDI for precise water and N management proved to be a profitable solution to address the problems of groundwater, residue burning, sustainable intensification, and input (water and energy) use with the potential for replication in large areas in NW India.

Direct Seeded Rice Subsurface Drip Irrigation Economic Profitability Energy and Nitrogen Efficiency CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION IRRIGATION SYSTEMS WATER PRODUCTIVITY ECONOMIC VIABILITY ENERGY EFFICIENCY NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY

Voter´´´'s dilemma between honest and competent candidates in the 2018 elections in Mexico and Brazil

José Daniel Sousa Oliva (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

This article is dedicated to understanding and explaining the electoral dilemma “Dishonest, but competent” and “Honest, but incompetent” in the elections of legislators, governors and municipal presidents in 2018 in Mexico and Brazil. The research questions that guided the investigation are: Why are there voters in Mexico and Brazil who vote for “dishonest” candidates? And how do the voters of those countries decide their vote in the face of this dilemma? The theoretical approach of this work is Social Psychology through two analytical tools: the Funnel of Causality and the Tripartite Model of Attitudes. The methodology is mixed, quantitative and qualitative, using statistical models with data from the international surveys World Values Survey and Comparative Studies of Electoral Systems, as well as the application of Focus Groups in the distance modality. In this way, four categories of voter are proposed: moralist, moralist-moderate, pragmatic-moderate and pragmatic. The arguments of this work are: first, that regardless of cultural differences, there is an “affective voter” “non-rational” who makes decisions based on emotions and intuition, demonstrating that the affective components of attitudes are more relevant than the cognitive ones in electoral choice; second, that voting for “dishonest” candidates is determined under a greater influence of “short-term factors” such as candidate characteristics and short-term events rather than “long-term factors” such as party loyalties and ideology.

politics, electoral behavior, political culture, democracy, public opinion. política, comportamiento electoral, cultura política, democracia, opinión pública. CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES

Los seres alados y solares del arte maya en el Norte de Yucatán

Rubén Morante (2023, [Capítulo de libro])

En nuestro trabajo de campo en el norte de Yucatán estudiamos la iconografía de sitios como Chichén Itzá, Ek Balam y Mayapán. En ellos observamos esculturas con gran calidad artística de seres humanos que portan alas y que, por ello, se presentan como seres celestes relacionados con deidades del panteón maya de los periodos Clásico tardío, Clásico terminal y Posclásico temprano. Para esta investigación partimos de un breve contexto etnohistórico, geográfico y arqueológico de otros sitios mayas, del centro y oriente de México, incluyendo imágenes de códices y pinturas que nos hablan del posible significado que las plumas, las alas y las aves tuvieron en Mesoamérica. Procedimos al análisis de las figuras aladas que se presentan en relación con importantes edificios de sitios del norte de Yucatán. La advocación solar que sugieren parece haber sido común y en esta zona, no sólo hablan de los grandes artistas que los esculpieron, sino de un sistema de creencias que pudo emanar de tradiciones mayas muy tempranas, que en el siglo IX d.C. se manifiesta de manera clara mediante un estilo depurado, una maestría técnica y una alta sensibilidad estética.

In our field work in northern Yucatán we studied the iconography of sites such as Chichén Itzá, Ek Balam, and Mayapán. There we saw great artistic quality sculptures of human beings that carry wings, and because of that we think that represented celestial beings related to deities of the Mayan pantheon of Late Classic, Terminal Classic and Early Postclassic periods. In our research we started with reviews of ethnohistorical, geographical and archaeological contexts in other Mayan sites, from central and eastern Mexico, including images from codices and paintings that tell us about the possible meaning of feathers, wings and birds in Mesoamerica. We proceeded analyze winged figures presented in relation to important buildings in northern Yucatán sites. Solar evocation suggested probably was common in this area and, sculptures not only speak about belief systems that could emanate from very early Mayan traditions, but also speak about great artists, that in 9th century AD. clearly manifested it through a refined style, technical mastery and high aesthetic sensitivity.

Arte maya, seres alados, Norte de Yucatán, Chchén Itzá, Ek Balam. Mayan art, feathers and birds, Northern Yucatán. Maya art--Themes, motives. Maya arts--Mexico--Yucatán (State) Maya sculpture--Themes, motives. Maya mythology. Arte maya. Mitología maya. F1435.3.A7 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES

The new proletariat of the north at Ciudad Juarez: Current trends.

Nolberto Tlacaelel Acosta Pérez (2022, [Artículo, Artículo])

The arrival of the nowadays renamed Manufacturing, Maquiladora and Export Service Industry brought within the formation of a new labor subject in the region: the new proletariat of the north. The proposal of the present article is to identify and describe the specific traits of this working class sub-fraction, by a reevaluation of its meaning, the most relevant socioeconomic indicators which serve to understand it, the political organization chapters that it has undertaken in the past years, and its most characteristic cultural attributes.

new proletariat of the north maquiladora U.S.-Mexico border social classes Ciudad Juarez nuevo proletariado del norte frontera norte clases sociales Ciudad Juárez CIENCIAS SOCIALES CIENCIAS SOCIALES