Mejoramiento del grado de uso del nitrógeno en maíz mediante técnicas parcelarias de riego por superficie

Improving the usage level of nitrogen in maize, through surface irrigation plot techniques

JAIME MACIAS CERVANTES JESUS DEL ROSARIO RUELAS ISLAS PABLO PRECIADO RANGEL WALDO OJEDA BUSTAMANTE MARCO ANTONIO INZUNZA IBARRA JOSE ALFREDO SAMANIEGO GAXIOLA (2015, [Artículo])

El maíz es uno de los principales cultivos sembrados en el estado de Sinaloa; sin embargo, en esta región la aplicación de riegos se realiza sin considerar las características físicas del suelo incrementando las pérdidas de agua y fertilizantes. Es importante desarrollar tecnologías que permitan optimizar el uso de insumos (agua, fertilizantes, pesticidas) incrementando el potencial productivo de los cultivos y reduciendo los costos de producción, por tal motivo, se desarrollaron una serie de experimentos durante los ciclos otoño-invierno 2006-2007 y 2011-2012 en el norte de Sinaloa, México, con el propósito de conocer el efecto del riego por gravedad por diferentes técnicas en la eficiencia de uso del nitrógeno (N) en el cultivo de maíz.

Riego de baja presión Riego de superficie Nitrógeno Cultivos alimenticios Maíz INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

GWAS identifies genetic loci underlying nitrogen responsiveness in the climate resilient C4 model Setaria italica (L.)

Tirthankar Bandyopadhyay Stéphanie M. Swarbreck Vandana Jaiswal Rajeev Gupta Alison Bentley Manoj Prasad (2022, [Artículo])

C4 Model Crop Climate Resilience CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLIMATE RESILIENCE FOOD SECURITY GENE EXPRESSION NITROGEN

Enhancing maize yield in a conservation agriculture-based maize (Zea mays)- wheat (Triticum aestivum) system through efficient nitrogen management

C.M. Parihar Hari Sankar Nayak Dipaka Ranjan Sena Shankar Lal Jat Mahesh Gathala Upendra Singh (2023, [Artículo])

This study evaluated the impact of contrasting tillage and nitrogen management options on the growth, yield attributes, and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in a conservation agriculture (CA)-based maize-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system. The field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) seasons of 2020 and 2021 at the research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with three tillage practices [conventional tillage with residue (CT), zero tillage with residue (ZT) and permanent beds with residue (PB)] as main plot treatments and in sub-plots five nitrogen management options [Control (without N fertilization), recommended dose of N @150 kg N/ha, Green Seeker-GS based application of split applied N, N applied as basal through urea super granules-USG + GS based application and 100% basal application of slow release fertilizer (SRF) @150 kg N/ha] with three replications. Results showed that both tillage and nitrogen management options had a significant impact on maize growth, yield attributes, and yield in both seasons. However, time to anthesis and physiological maturity were not significantly affected. Yield attributes were highest in the permanent beds and zero tillage plots, with similar numbers of grains per cob (486.1 and 468.6). The highest leaf area index (LAI) at 60 DAP was observed in PB (5.79), followed by ZT(5.68) and the lowest was recorded in CT (5.25) plots. The highest grain yield (2-year mean basis) was recorded with permanent beds plots (5516 kg/ha), while the lowest

was observed with conventional tillage (4931 kg/ha). Therefore, the study highlights the importance of CA practices for improving maize growth and yield, and suggests that farmers can achieve better results through the adoption of CA-based permanent beds and use of USG as nitrogen management option.

Green Seeker Urea Super Granules CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE UREA YIELDS ZERO TILLAGE NITROGEN

Crop performance and nitrogen use-efficiency in maize under conservation agriculture coupled with sub-surface drip fertigation

C.M. Parihar Hari Sankar Nayak Renu Pandey ML JAT (2021, [Artículo])

Biological Yield Permanent Beds Yield Attributes CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA YIELDS NITROGEN NUTRIENT UPTAKE CROP PERFORMANCE MAIZE

Nivel de sobrecarga en el cuidador primario del adulto y factores predisponentes: estudio piloto

José Conrado Escobedo Martínez CLAUDIA OROZCO GOMEZ YADIRA MEJIA MEJIA ROSA ISELA ARIAS PACHECO (2020, [Artículo])

Introducción: Los cambios del envejecimiento generan pérdida progresiva de la capacidad de adaptación, produce modificaciones de autonomía, situación en la cual el Adulto Mayor (AM) depende de un cuidador para que sea responsable de atender sus necesidades cotidianas, condición que genera sobrecarga.Objetivo: Relacionar el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador primario formal e informal del AM y sus factores predisponentes en2asilos de Chihuahua.Metodología: Diseño descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. Muestra de 30 cuidadores formales e informales de dos asilos, elegidos por conveniencia. Se utiliza el Instrumento escala de Zarit.Resultados: El 56% fueron cuidadores informales. Los factores predisponentes fueron el tiempo de cuidador y de cuidado al día. El 76% fueron mujeres, tiempo promedio de cuidador de 2.04 años, cuidado al día de 11.2 horas. 36 % con sobrecarga intensa. Correlación significativa con tiempo de cuidador-sobrecarga y tiempo de cuidado al día-sobrecarga, significancia del 95%. Discusión:Factores predisponentes con la sobrecarga, el tiempo de cuidador y tiempo de cuidado al día, resultados similares con otros estudios.Conclusiones:La sobrecarga tiene repercusiones en la salud del cuidador primario, es indispensable brindar atención tomando en cuenta factores que pueden ser controlados para evitar la sobrecarga en este grupo.

Introduction:The changes of aging generate progressive loss of adaptive capacity, produces modifications of autonomy, a situation in which the Elderly (AM) depends on a caregiver to be responsible for attending to their daily needs, a condition that generates overload. Objective:To relate the level of overload of the formal and informal primary caregiver of the AM and its predisposing factors in 2 asylums in Chihuahua. Methodology: Descriptive, correlational and transversal design. Sample of 30 formal and informal caregivers of two nursing homes, chosen for convenience. The Zarit scale instrument is used. Results:56% were informal caregivers. The predisposing factors were caregiver time and day care. 76% were women, average caregiver time of 2.04 years, day care of 11.2 hours. 36% with intense overload. Significant correlation with caregiver-overload time and day-over-care time, significance of 95%. Discussion:Predisposing factors with overload, caregiver time and care time per day, similar results with other studies.Conclusions:Overload has repercussions on the health of the primary caregiver, it is essential to provide care taking into account factors that can be controlled to avoid overload in this group.

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS CIENCIAS CLÍNICAS Adulto mayor Cuidadores Sobrecarga Elderly Caregivers Overload

Carbamazepine degradation by visible-light-driven photocatalyst Ag3PO4/GO: Mechanism and pathway

Guanhan Chen Wenyi Dong Hongjie Wang Zilong Zhao Feng Wang Feifei Wang César Nieto Delgado (2022, [Artículo])

"Carbamazepine (CBZ), as one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals, is of great concern due to its potential impact on the ecosystem and human health. This study provides an effective approach to remove CBZ by using photocatalyst silver phosphate combined with graphene oxide (Ag3PO4/GO) under visible irradiation. The morphology, composition, and optical properties of Ag3PO4/GO were characterized employing SEM, XRD, and DRS. Graphene oxide could improve the visible-light utilization and promote electron's charge to enhance the photocatalytic performance of Ag3PO4/GO. With the optimal reaction condition of 5.86 mW/cm(2) light intensity, 15-25 degrees C temperature, 5-7 pH, and 0.5 mg/L catalytic dosages, 5 mg/L CBZ could be completely degraded in 30 min, and the apparent rate constant could reach 0.12 min(-1). Additionally, the radical trapping experiments indicated center dot OH and O-2(-)center dot were the main reactive oxygen species employed to eliminate CBZ. The decay pathways of CBZ had been proposed accordingly, and the main product was the low-molecular products. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences."

Carbamazepine Ag3PO4/GO Visible light Photocatalysis INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Frutos de Jarilla caudata: alimento y fuente de ingresos para familias campesinas del estado de Jalisco, México

Mario Felipe González González JAVIER VIOQUE JUAN FRANCISCO ZAMORA NATERA (2023, [Artículo])

El género Jarilla (Caricaceae) cuenta con sólo tres especies, dos de ellas son endémicas a México. Los frutos de estas especies son utilizados como alimento por diferentes comunidades rurales de México, sin embargo, poco se conoce sobre la composición nutricional o fitoquímica de estos frutos. En el estado de Jalisco, crece J. caudata en matorrales xerófitos y bosques caducifolios. Campesinos de escasos recursos económicos recolectan sus frutos en estado inmaduro para su autoconsumo, sin embargo, otros prefieren recolectarlos y obtener ingresos económicos mediante su comercialización a intermediarios, quienes posteriormente los venden en mercados o tianguis locales.

CARICACEAE ESPECIES ENDEMICAS ETNOBOTANICA FRUTOS COMESTIBLES RECURSOS FITOGENETICOS BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Dime qué comes y te diré quién eres: la dieta de las plantas carnívoras

RODRIGO STEFANO DUNO Lilia Lorena Can Itza (2023, [Artículo])

El mundo de las plantas carnívoras es fascinante; este heterogéneo grupo de plantas con flores se ha estudiado desde todo punto de vista. Algunos científicos se han dedicado a la sistemática, otros a la anatomía y otros a la ecología, en particular a la interacción planta-animal. Sin duda, es uno de los grupos de plantas que más atención reciben ¿Sabes de qué se alimentan?

CARNIVORIA DROSERACEAE LENTIBULARIACEAE NEPENTHACEAE SARRACENIACEAE BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Environmental Nanoparticles Reach Human Fetal Brains

LILIAN OFELIA CALDERON GARCIDUEÑAS ANGEL AUGUSTO PEREZ CALATAYUD ANGELICA GONZALEZ MACIEL RAFAEL REYNOSO ROBLES Héctor Gabriel Silva Pereyra Andrea Ramos Morales RICARDO TORRES JARDON Candelario de Jesús Soberanes Cerino Raúl Carrillo Esper JESÚS CARLOS BRIONES GARDUÑO Yazmin del Socorro Conde Gutiérrez (2022, [Artículo])

"Anthropogenic ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM) and industrial and natural nanoparticles (NPs) are ubiquitous. Normal term, preeclamptic, and postconceptional weeks(PCW) 8–15 human placentas and brains from polluted Mexican cities were analyzed by TEM and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. We documented NPs in maternal erythrocytes, early syncytiotrophoblast, Hofbauer cells, and fetal endothelium (ECs). Fetal ECs exhibited caveolar NP activity and widespread erythroblast contact. Brain ECs displayed micropodial extensions reaching luminal NP-loaded erythroblasts. Neurons and primitive glia displayed nuclear, organelle, and cytoplasmic NPs in both singles and conglomerates. Nanoscale Fe, Ti, and Al alloys, Hg, Cu, Ca, Sn, and Si were detected in placentas and fetal brains. Preeclamptic fetal blood NP vesicles are prospective neonate UFPM exposure biomarkers. NPs are reaching brain tissues at the early developmental PCW 8–15 stage, and NPs in maternal and fetal placental tissue compartments strongly suggests the placental barrier is not limiting the access of environmental NPs. Erythroblasts are the main early NP carriers to fetal tissues. The passage of UFPM/NPs from mothers to fetuses is documented and fingerprinting placental single particle composition could be useful for postnatal risk assessments. Fetal brain combustion and industrial NPs raise medical concerns about prenatal and postnatal health, including neurological and neurodegenerative lifelong consequences."

Environmental medicine Placental impairment Neurodevelopmental disorders Fetal brains Erythroblasts Preeclampsia Nanoparticles NPs extracellular vesicles Petrochemical pollution Villahermosa Tabasco BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA QUÍMICA BIOQUÍMICA BIOQUÍMICA

Economics of crop residue management

Vijesh Krishna Maxwell Mkondiwa (2023, [Artículo])

More than five billion metric tons of agricultural residues are produced annually worldwide. Despite having multiple uses and significant potential to augment crop and livestock production, a large share of crop residues is burned, especially in Asian countries. This unsustainable practice causes tremendous air pollution and health hazards while restricting soil nutrient recycling. In this review, we examine the economic rationale for unsustainable residue management. The sustainability of residue utilization is determined by several economic factors, such as local demand for and quantity of residue production, development and dissemination of technologies to absorb excess residue, and market and policy instruments to internalize the social costs of residue burning. The intervention strategy to ensure sustainable residue management depends on public awareness of the private and societal costs of open residue burning.

Crop Biomass Residue Burning Environmental Effects CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CROPS BIOMASS RESIDUES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CLIMATE CHANGE SMALLHOLDERS TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION