SOCIO-SPATIAL TRENDS: A GENERAL READING OF PUBLIC SPACE IN HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS

Mariel Organista Camacho Karen Estrella Martínez-Torres Claudia Rivera-Torres (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

Human nature implies social interaction in diverse environments, where public space, seen as an essential mediator, becomes disconnected, impersonal, and deteriorated exterior spaces, coupled with a lack of interest in participation, inclusion, and personal development. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the socio-spatial relationships in public spaces based on the inhabitant perception of two housing developments in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. This study used a mixed methodological approach to collect information by applying the following instruments: a questionnaire on public spaces, a series of in situ and aerial photographs, and field observations. A total of 196 surveys were applied from 2016 to 2019; the morphological, typological, and functional characteristics of the public space were also observed. The results evidenced an imminent need to carry out their daily activities on a smaller scale and intensity within the housing complex with a level of spatial satisfaction within a scale of 6.37/10. In this regard, the inhabitants reported a higher attendance of the public space use in Los Encinos in contrast to Villas (62.6% and 39.3%, respectively), even though the travel times were shorter in Villas. Regarding the public space usefulness, both cases weighted spatial understanding followed by access ease to the housing complex with a Pearson correlation coefficient equal to or greater than 0.47. In this sense, spatial relations showed dispersion, disorganization, and fragmentation from the ephemeral. In contrast, social relations were considered impersonal, hurried, and of convenience, subordinated to the conditions of the environment, being that personal well-being is built from relations with the exterior and with the collective itself.

Baja California Habitability Public space Social Developments Social-espatial relation conjuntos habitacionales, habitabilidad, Baja California, espacio público, relaciones socioespaciales. HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

La organización social de los frontereños. De las juntas vecinales al ayuntamiento en Baja California durante el siglo XIX

Abraham Uribe Núñez (2024, [Tesis de doctorado])

En septiembre de 1876, el presidente municipal Manuel A. punto Ferrer, escribió una carta al presidente de México Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, en la cual describió que en el pueblo minero de Real del Castillo habían campamentos reciente improvisados por algunos colonos mexicanos, estadounidenses y europeos, A diferencia de otras localidades del partido norte de baja California que estaban habitados por una diversidad de pueblos originarios y frontereños, un gentilicio adoptado por un conjunto de familias descendientes de los antiguos soldados misionales y algunos indios neófitos agrupados en los pueblos de misión fundados por la orden de los dominicanos en las postrimerías del siglo XVIII, pero poco antes del abandono de los frailes durante el fenecimiento de las misiones, la jura de la independencia y la secularización liberal e inicios del siglo XXI, asumieron El dominio territorial en esta demarcación que consolidaron con la instauración de ranchos que producían recursos limitados y provenientes de las ganaderías de libre pastoreo y agricultura en tierras de panllevar.

Frontera México-Estados Unidos -- Condiciones Sociales Baja California -- Condiciones Sociales -- Siglo XIX CIENCIAS SOCIALES HISTORIA HISTORIA

Climate change and the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) population in Baja California, Mexico

M. Concepción García-Aguilar (2018, [Artículo])

The Earth0s climate is warming, especially in the mid- and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) breeds and haul-outs on islands and the mainland of Baja California, Mexico, and California, U.S.A. At the beginning of the 21st century, numbers of elephant seals in California are increasing, but the status of Baja California populations is unknown, and some data suggest they may be decreasing. We hypothesize that the elephant seal population of Baja California is experiencing a decline because the animals are not migrating as far south due to warming sea and air temperatures. Here we assessed population trends of the Baja California population, and climate change in the region. The numbers of northern elephant seals in Baja California colonies have been decreasing since the 1990s, and both the surface waters off Baja California and the local air temperatures have warmed during the last three decades. We propose that declining population sizes may be attributable to decreased migration towards the southern portions of the range in response to the observed temperature increases. Further research is needed to confirm our hypothesis; however, if true, it would imply that elephant seal colonies of Baja California and California are not demographically isolated which would pose challenges to environmental and management policies between Mexico and the United States. © 2018 García-Aguilar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

air temperature, article, Baja California, climate change, human, Mirounga angustirostris, nonhuman, population size, warming, animal, ecosystem, environmental protection, Mexico, Phocidae, population density, population migration, temperature, Anima CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA

Mejoramiento del grado de uso del nitrógeno en maíz mediante técnicas parcelarias de riego por superficie

Improving the usage level of nitrogen in maize, through surface irrigation plot techniques

JAIME MACIAS CERVANTES JESUS DEL ROSARIO RUELAS ISLAS PABLO PRECIADO RANGEL WALDO OJEDA BUSTAMANTE MARCO ANTONIO INZUNZA IBARRA JOSE ALFREDO SAMANIEGO GAXIOLA (2015, [Artículo])

El maíz es uno de los principales cultivos sembrados en el estado de Sinaloa; sin embargo, en esta región la aplicación de riegos se realiza sin considerar las características físicas del suelo incrementando las pérdidas de agua y fertilizantes. Es importante desarrollar tecnologías que permitan optimizar el uso de insumos (agua, fertilizantes, pesticidas) incrementando el potencial productivo de los cultivos y reduciendo los costos de producción, por tal motivo, se desarrollaron una serie de experimentos durante los ciclos otoño-invierno 2006-2007 y 2011-2012 en el norte de Sinaloa, México, con el propósito de conocer el efecto del riego por gravedad por diferentes técnicas en la eficiencia de uso del nitrógeno (N) en el cultivo de maíz.

Riego de baja presión Riego de superficie Nitrógeno Cultivos alimenticios Maíz INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Monitoreo de playas prioritarias

NORMA RAMIREZ SALINAS JUAN LEODEGARIO GARCIA ROJAS (2012, [Documento de trabajo])

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la prueba, para Enterococos en agua de mar, llevada a cabo en 37 playas de Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit y Veracruz.

Control de calidad del agua Análisis bacteriológico Agua de mar Campeche Chiapas Guerrero Jalisco Nayarit Veracruz INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Hyperiid amphipods from the Gulf of Ulloa and offshore region, Baja California: The possible role of the gelatinous zooplankton as a transport vector into the coastal shelf waters

Bertha Lavaniegos (2020, [Artículo])

Hyperiid amphipod species from the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California, and the adjacent region (from the shelf break to 200 km offshore) were analyzed to evaluate diversity and abundances. This productive area supports small-scale commercial fisheries, including sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer), California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), abalones, clams, and others. Strong coastal upwelling events were observed during summer seasons of the period 2002-2008 between Punta Eugenia and Punta Abreojos. The upwelling plumes at Punta Abreojos are transported southward in slope waters bordering the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, contributing to the separation of coastal and oceanic regions, and explain differences in amphipod diversity and abundances between both regions. In the offshore region, the most abundant species were Vibilia armata, Lestrigonus schizogeneios, Primno brevidens, and Eupronoe minuta, similar to previous findings in northern regions of Baja California and southern California. However, abundances of these species were lower (10-30 individuals/1000 m3), only reaching 20-50% of abundance levels reported off northern Baja California. In the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, amphipods were virtually absent during 2002, 2003 and 2006. However, during 2004 and 2005, abundances of P. brevidens increased (54 and 20 ind/1000 m3, respectively). Moreover, during the late summer of 2007, abundances of L. schizogeneios, P. brevidens, Lycaea nasuta, Lycaea pulex, and Simorhynchotus antennarius increased considerably (261, 39, 31, 68, 416 ind/1000 m3, respectively), indicating occasional utilization of the coastal shelf by pelagic amphipods. Changes in gelatinous populations (medusae, siphonophores, ctenophores, doliolids, and salps) paralleled changes in hyperiid populations, with highest abundances in 2005-2008 in the coastal shelf. Significant correlations of 17 amphipod species with gelatinous taxa, which are often used as host organisms by hyperiid amphipods, suggest that gelatinous presence enhanced hyperiid abundance and promoted the progression of hyperiid amphipods onto the coastal shelf during parts of the 2002-2008 period. © 2020 Bertha E. Lavaniegos. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

abalone, Amphipoda, article, Baja California, clam, clinical article, Ctenophora, Eugenia, female, fishery, human, human experiment, male, medusa, nonhuman, Panulirus interruptus, plume, summer, zooplankton, Amphipoda, animal, California, ecosystem, CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA

Efecto del manejo de peces en la remoción de coliformes fecales en una laguna facultativa

ARMANDO RIVAS HERNANDEZ (1997, [Artículo])

Se analiza el efecto de peces del género Tilapia en la remoción de coliformes fecales, en reactores batch, utilizando agua de una laguna facultativa. La constante de mortandad bacteriana decayó proporcionalmente con el incremento del número de peces, por lo que se concluye que éstos afectan la eficiencia de remoción de patógenos en lagunas facultativas y de maduración, al reducir la velocidad de remoción de coliformes fecales.

Calidad del agua Coliformes Peces Lagunas de estabilización INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Comparison of sequencing-based and array-based genotyping platforms for genomic prediction of maize hybrid performance

XUECAI ZHANG Zefeng Yang Yang Xu (2022, [Artículo])

Genotyping by Sequencing Genomic Selection SNP Array Marker Density CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION MAIZE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM HYBRIDS

Ecología ectoparasitaria del lenguado de California (Paralichthys californicus) y el lenguado diamante (Pleuronichthys guttulatus) en el Pacífico Norte de Baja California, México

Ectoparasite ecology of the California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) and the diamond turbot (Pleuronichthys guttulatus) in the North Pacific of Baja California, Mexico

Grecia Daniela del Carmen Esquivel Mondragón (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

El lenguado de California (Paralichthys californicus) ocupa el primer lugar según el índice de importancia de la comunidad (ICI) en el Estero Punta Banda (EPB), Baja California (México), y el segundo lugar en Bahía San Quintín (BSQ), mientras que el lenguado diamante (Pleuronichthys guttulatus) se ubica en tercer lugar de importancia en BSQ. Sin embargo, se conoce poco acerca de su parasitismo, lo que puede afectar su ecología. Se recolectaron 122 lenguados de P. californicus y 59 de P. guttulatus en EPB, BSQ y Laguna Manuela (LM), B.C., desde verano 2022 a primavera 2023, se identificaron once especies de ectoparásitos en ambos hospederos y se evaluó su prevalencia (p), abundancia (ap), intensidad (i) y frecuencia de ocurrencia (fo) por hospedero, localidades y estaciones del año (t), y las ap se correlacionaron con temperatura superficial del agua, surgencias, t y localidades. El lenguado de California, P. californicus, presentó diez especies de ectoparásitos y aquellas con mayores índices fueron Lepeophteirus sp. (p: 100%, ap: 16.5, i: 65, fo: 81.4%) en LM durante invierno 2023, Pontogeneia sp. (p: 50%, a: 2.3, i: 10, fo: 25.4%) en LM durante otoño 2022, y tanto Entobdella hippoglossi (p: 44.4%, a: 1.1, i: 6, fo: 15.3%) y Acanthochondria sp. (p: 22.2%, ap: 0.7, i: 5, fo: 6.8%) en LM durante invierno 2023. P. californicus mostró cambios significativos de ap contra las localidades, aunque sin cambios para t, y todas sus correlaciones (longitud total (lt), peso y ap versus t, surgencias, temperatura del agua y sitios) fueron significativas a excepción de ap contra t. Para el lenguado P. guttulatus se identificaron cinco especies de parásitos destacando con mayores índices al copépodo Lepeophteirus sp. (p: 100%, ap: 1, i: 1, fo: 19.1%) en EPB durante primavera 2023. Se presentaron diferencias significativas de ap con respecto al t, mientras que lt contra t, surgencias y temperatura del agua presentaron únicamente correlaciones positivas. Los parásitos de peces son importantes componentes naturales de sistemas ecológicos marinos, y debido a la sensibilidad de la relación huésped-parásito a cambios ambientales, su estudio permitiría generalizar respuestas en hospederos con el aumento o disminución de parásitos.

The California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) has the highest community importance index (ICI) in Estero Punta Banda (EPB), Baja California (Mexico), and the second highest in Bahia San Quintín (BSQ), and the diamond turbot (Pleuronichthys guttulatus) holds the third highest ICI in BSQ. A total of 122 individuals of P. californicus and 59 of P. guttulatus were collected in EPB, BSQ and Laguna Manuela (LM), B.C., from summer 2022 to spring 2023. However, very little is known about fish parasitism, which can affect host ecology in these sites. Eleven ectoparasite species were identified in both hosts and the parasite prevalence (p), abundance (pa), intensity (i), and frequency of occurrence (fo) were determined for each host, collection sites and seasons (t), the pa was related to water temperature, upwelling condition, t and sites. P. californicus presented ten species, and those with the highest indices were Lepeophteirus sp. (p: 100%, pa: 16.5, i: 65, fo: 81.4%) in LM during winter 2023, Pontogeneia sp. (p: 50%, a: 2.3, i: 10, fo: 25.4%) in LM during autumn 2022, and both Entobdella hippoglossi (p: 44.4%, pa: 1.1, i: 6, fo: 15.3%) and Acanthochondria sp. (p: 22.2%, pa: 0.7, i: 5, fo: 6.8%) in LM during winter 2023. The halibut P. californicus showed significance in pa regarding the sites, although with no change across t, and its correlations (total length (tl), mean weight, and pa versus t, upwellings, temperature and sites) showed significance, except for ap against t. Five parasites were identified in P. guttulatus, with the copepod Lepeophteirus sp. showing the highest indices (p: 100%, pa: 1, i: 1, fo: 19.1%) in EPB during spring 2023; the turbot P. guttulatus presented differences in pa regarding t, and its tl was correlated significantly with t, upwelling conditions and water temperature. Fish parasites are an important natural component of marine ecological systems and because the host-parasite relationship is sensitive to environmental changes, studying this relationship can allow for generalizing responses in hosts with an increased or decreased levels of parasites.

Lenguado de California y diamante, ectoparásitos, prevalencia, abundancia, intensidad California halibut and diamond turbot, ectoparasites, prevalence, abundance, intensity CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS PECES Y FAUNA SILVESTRE LOCALIZACIÓN DE PECES LOCALIZACIÓN DE PECES

Do marine reserves increase prey for California sea lions and Pacific harbor seals?

ALEJANDRO ARIAS DEL RAZO (2019, [Artículo])

Community marine reserves are geographical areas closed to fishing activities, implemented and enforced by the same fishermen that fish around them. Their main objective is to recover commercial stocks of fish and invertebrates. While marine reserves have proven successful in many parts of the world, their success near important marine predator colonies, such as the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and the Pacific harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardii), is yet to be analyzed. In response to the concerns expressed by local fishermen about the impact of the presence of pinnipeds on their communities’ marine reserves, we conducted underwater surveys around four islands in the Pacific west of the Baja California Peninsula: two without reserves (Todos Santos and San Roque); one with a recently established reserve (San Jeronimo); and, a fourth with reserves established eight years ago (Natividad). All these islands are subject to similar rates of exploitation by fishing cooperatives with exclusive rights. We estimated fish biomass and biodiversity in the seas around the islands, applying filters for potential California sea lion and harbor seal prey using known species from the literature. Generalized linear mixed models revealed that the age of the reserve has a significant positive effect on fish biomass, while the site (inside or outside of the reserve) did not, with a similar result found for the biomass of the prey of the California sea lion. Fish biodiversity was also higher around Natividad Island, while invertebrate biodiversity was higher around San Roque. These findings indicate that marine reserves increase overall fish diversity and biomass, despite the presence of top predators, even increasing the numbers of their potential prey. Community marine reserves may help to improve the resilience of marine mammals to climate-driven phenomena and maintain a healthy marine ecosystem for the benefit of both pinnipeds and fishermen. © 2019 Arias-Del-Razo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article, biodiversity, biomass, climate change, ecosystem resilience, environmental exploitation, fish stock, fishing, marine environment, marine invertebrate, nonhuman, Phoca vitulina, Pinnipedia, prey searching, Zalophus californianus, animal, biom BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA)