El génesis de la distopía. Elementos distópicos en el cuento “La última guerra” de Amado Nervo

Javier Martínez Javalois (2023, [Otro, Trabajo terminal, especialidad])

55 páginas. Especialización en Literatura Mexicana del Siglo XX.

Esta investigación recibió el apoyo del Sistema Nacional de Posgrados (SNP) del Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (México). CONAHCYT.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal analizar el cuento “La última guerra” (1906) de Amado Nervo (1870-1919), partiendo desde la literatura de ciencia ficción, en particular desde la temática de la distopía. En el cuento “La última guerra”, el autor evidencia el conflicto que se da entre la humanidad y una sociedad animal por el caos que ha provocado el dominio del hombre sobre el mundo y sobre las criaturas; ante la imposibilidad de estas últimas para revertir esta condición a lo largo del tiempo, se gesta una animadversión que desencadena una batalla entre ambas especies: los humanos y los animales. Este trabajo pretende mostrar el cambio en la sociedad ficcionalizada por Amado Nervo, el surgimiento y alcance máximo como sociedad y su crisis partiendo desde el punto inicial de la conflagración. La animadversión que acontece entre humanos y animales en un mundo cuya posesión está en disputa brinda elementos para un análisis de la antes mencionada sociedad distópica. A mi modo de ver, el acercamiento al análisis desde esta perspectiva resulta útil para entender cómo operan la desigualdad y la estratificación social en la estructura narrativa y el tiempo propuestos por Nervo en la ficción.

Nervo, Amado, 1870-1919--Criticism and interpretation. Dystopias in literature. Human-animal relationships--Fiction. Aggressive behavior in animals--Fiction. Distopías en la literatura. Relaciones hombre-animal en el arte. Animales en la literatura. PQ7297.N5 HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS TEORÍA, ANÁLISIS Y CRÍTICA LITERARIAS

Movements of scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) at Cocos Island, Costa Rica and between oceanic islands in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Elena Nalesso (2019, [Artículo])

Many species of sharks form aggregations around oceanic islands, yet their levels of residency and their site specificity around these islands may vary. In some cases, the waters around oceanic islands have been designated as marine protected areas, yet the conservation value for threatened shark species will depend greatly on how much time they spend within these protected waters. Eighty-four scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith), were tagged with acoustic transmitters at Cocos Island between 2005–2013. The average residence index, expressed as a proportion of days present in our receiver array at the island over the entire monitoring period, was 0.52±0.31, implying that overall the sharks are strongly associated with the island. Residency was significantly greater at Alcyone, a shallow seamount located 3.6 km offshore from the main island, than at the other sites. Timing of presence at the receiver locations was mostly during daytime hours. Although only a single individual from Cocos was detected on a region-wide array, nine hammerheads tagged at Galapagos and Malpelo travelled to Cocos. The hammerheads tagged at Cocos were more resident than those visiting from elsewhere, suggesting that the Galapagos and Malpelo populations may use Cocos as a navigational waypoint or stopover during seasonal migrations to the coastal Central and South America. Our study demonstrates the importance of oceanic islands for this species, and shows that they may form a network of hotspots in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. © 2019 Nalesso et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

article, Cocos Island, human, monitoring, nonhuman, resident, shark, South America, animal, Costa Rica, environmental protection, island (geological), movement (physiology), physiology, season, shark, Animals, Conservation of Natural Resources, Costa CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA

Hyperiid amphipods from the Gulf of Ulloa and offshore region, Baja California: The possible role of the gelatinous zooplankton as a transport vector into the coastal shelf waters

Bertha Lavaniegos (2020, [Artículo])

Hyperiid amphipod species from the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California, and the adjacent region (from the shelf break to 200 km offshore) were analyzed to evaluate diversity and abundances. This productive area supports small-scale commercial fisheries, including sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer), California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), abalones, clams, and others. Strong coastal upwelling events were observed during summer seasons of the period 2002-2008 between Punta Eugenia and Punta Abreojos. The upwelling plumes at Punta Abreojos are transported southward in slope waters bordering the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, contributing to the separation of coastal and oceanic regions, and explain differences in amphipod diversity and abundances between both regions. In the offshore region, the most abundant species were Vibilia armata, Lestrigonus schizogeneios, Primno brevidens, and Eupronoe minuta, similar to previous findings in northern regions of Baja California and southern California. However, abundances of these species were lower (10-30 individuals/1000 m3), only reaching 20-50% of abundance levels reported off northern Baja California. In the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, amphipods were virtually absent during 2002, 2003 and 2006. However, during 2004 and 2005, abundances of P. brevidens increased (54 and 20 ind/1000 m3, respectively). Moreover, during the late summer of 2007, abundances of L. schizogeneios, P. brevidens, Lycaea nasuta, Lycaea pulex, and Simorhynchotus antennarius increased considerably (261, 39, 31, 68, 416 ind/1000 m3, respectively), indicating occasional utilization of the coastal shelf by pelagic amphipods. Changes in gelatinous populations (medusae, siphonophores, ctenophores, doliolids, and salps) paralleled changes in hyperiid populations, with highest abundances in 2005-2008 in the coastal shelf. Significant correlations of 17 amphipod species with gelatinous taxa, which are often used as host organisms by hyperiid amphipods, suggest that gelatinous presence enhanced hyperiid abundance and promoted the progression of hyperiid amphipods onto the coastal shelf during parts of the 2002-2008 period. © 2020 Bertha E. Lavaniegos. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

abalone, Amphipoda, article, Baja California, clam, clinical article, Ctenophora, Eugenia, female, fishery, human, human experiment, male, medusa, nonhuman, Panulirus interruptus, plume, summer, zooplankton, Amphipoda, animal, California, ecosystem, CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA

Influencia de las fases lunares en fertilidad, tasa de preñez y partos de vacas mestizas en el trópico seco.

CANUTO MUÑOZ GARCIA ROSENDO CUICAS HUERTA JUAN GONZALEZ MALDONADO EFREN ESTRADA PAQUI ISIDRO JAUREGUI PLATA JULIO CESAR GOMEZ VARGAS (2023, [Artículo])

There is speculation about moon phases influencing animal reproductive performance. A study was carried out to shed light on the influence of moon phases on estrus presentation, pregnancy rate, calving presentation, and offspring sex in cows from the Mexican dry tropical region. The reproductive data of 580 crossbred cows from 2010 to 2021 was organized according to reproductive events (estrus presentation, gestation, calving presentation, and offspring sex) occurrence during moon phases (new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter). The data were analyzed by Chi-squared test and logistic regression. The full moon reduced the estrus presentation (p0.05). It is concluded that the full moon reduces estrus presentation in crossbred cows. Moon phases do not influence the gestation, calving presentation, and offspring sex.

estrus calving offspring sex CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS FISIOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Smallholder farmers’ willingness to pay for two-wheel tractor-based mechanisation services in Zambia and Zimbabwe

Hambulo Ngoma Paswel Marenya Adane Tufa Lovemore  Chipindu Md Abdul Matin Christian Thierfelder (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

Two-Wheel Tractors CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MECHANIZATION WHEELED TRACTORS WILLINGNESS TO PAY ANIMAL POWER

Riqueza y diversidad de especies de murciélagos (Chiroptera) en Honduras

ANA LUISA PINEL TROCHEZ (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Evaluación del acondicionamiento reproductivo del ostión japonés (Magallana gigas) en dos sistemas de recirculación con prevalencia de polidóridos mediante la expresión de genes

Evaluation of Japanese oyster (Magallana gigas) broodstock conditioning in two recirculating systems with the prevalence of Polidorids through gene expression

Adrián Andrés Morales Guadarrama (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

El ostión Magallana gigas es ampliamente cultivado a nivel mundial. En Baja California, México, los laboratorios de reproducción deben acondicionar ostiones para su maduración y producción de gametos, y abastecer de semilla a los productores. En nuestro laboratorio, Sistemas de Recirculación Acuícola (SRA), con control del sistema CO2-Carbonatos (SRA-R) o sin control (SRA-C), han permitido madurar ostiones M. gigas y M. sikamea. Recientemente, los ostiones M. gigas acondicionados en nuestros SRA no maduraron, y algunos presentaron prevalencia de polidóridos (PP), poliquetos parásitos excavadores de concha. Para comprender la condición de los ostiones, evaluamos el efecto del SRA y de la PP sobre la expresión relativa de ocho genes asociados a biomineralización (VpATP y Tyr), inmunidad innata (P38, PGRP-L y TLR2) y reproducción (GnRH-RI, Vasa-like y SP1b) de M. gigas en dos etapas del acondicionamiento, 18 °C y 24 °C. La PP se determinó por la presencia de ampollas en la concha. Mediante RT-qPCR se determinó la expresión de VpATP, Tyr, P38, PGRP-L y TLR2 en el manto, y de GnRH-RI, Vasa-like y SP1b en la gónada. La expresión relativa se evaluó con un enfoque estadístico basado en un análisis Bayesiano de dos vías y comparaciones múltiples, p-valor significativo < 0.05 y corrección de Bonferroni. En 18 °C, la expresión de VpATP, Tyr, TLR2 y P38 fue mayor en ostiones con PP (CPP) que sin PP (SPP). En contraste, la expresión de GnRH-RI, Vasa-like y SP1b fue menor CPP que SPP. Dentro del SRA-C, en los ostiones CPP hubo mayor expresión de Tyr y menor expresión de Vasa-like y SP1b, respecto a los ostiones SPP. Esto sugiere que la PP induce la reparación de la concha y las respuestas inmune e inflamatoria en el manto mientras que en la gónada reduce el desarrollo de las células germinales. En 24 °C, en el SRA-R hubo menor expresión de SP1b respecto del SRA-C y sugiere menor división celular en la gónada. En conclusión, el SRA-R y la PP afectaron el balance energético del ostión japonés, limitando la energía y reflejando menor esfuerzo reproductivo en los ostiones del SRA-R al final del acondicionamiento reproductivo.

The Japanese oyster (Magallana gigas) is highly cultured worldwide. In Baja California, Mexico, the reproduction laboratories must condition oysters to maturity and have gametes to supply oyster seeds to producers. In our laboratory, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), with control of the CO2-Carbonate system (RAS-R) and without this control (RAS-C), have allowed oysters M. gigas and M. sikamea to mature. Recently, the M. gigas oysters conditioned in our RAS did not mature, and some have the prevalence of Polidorids (PP), shell-boring polychaete parasites. To understand the oysters' condition, we evaluated the effect of RAS and the PP on the relative expression of eight genes associated with biomineralization (VpATP and Tyr), innate immunity (P38, PGRP-L, and TLR2), and reproduction (GnRH-RI, Vasa-like, and SP1b) of M. gigas at two phases of broodstock conditioning, 18 °C and 24 °C. The PP was determined by mud blisters at the inner oyster shell. RT-qPCR determined the expression of VpATP, Tyr, p38, PGRP-L, and TLR2 in the mantle tissue and GnRH-RI, Vasa-like, and SP1b in the gonad tissue. The relative gene expression was evaluated by a Bayesian statistics frame based on a two-way and multiple comparison analysis, with significant p-value < 0.05 and Bonferroni correction. At 18 °C, there was higher expression of VpATP, Tyr, TLR2, and P38 in oysters with PP (WPP) than without PP (WOPP). In contrast, the expression of GnRH-RI, Vasa-like, and SP1b was less WPP than WOPP. It suggests that the PP induces shell repair and immune and inflammatory responses in mantle tissue, while in gonad tissue, it reduces the development of germinal cells. At 24 °C, in RAS-R, there was less expression of SP1b respect RAS-C, and it suggests less cellular division in the gonad. In conclusion, the RAS-R and the PP affect the energetic balance of the Japanese oyster, limiting the energy and reflecting less reproduction effort in oysters from RAS-R at the end of broodstock conditioning.

SRA, biomineralización, Vasa-like, Tyr, ostión RAS, biomineralization, Vasa-like, Tyr, oyster BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA GENÉTICA CITOGENÉTICA ANIMAL CITOGENÉTICA ANIMAL

Forest proximity positively affects natural enemy mediated control of fall armyworm in Southern Africa

Frédéric Baudron Terence Sunderland (2022, [Artículo])

Insectivorous Birds Bat Predation Maize Cultivation CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FALL ARMYWORMS BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL INSECTIVOROUS ANIMALS MAIZE PREDATOR PREY RELATIONS

Multiple approaches to understanding the taxonomic status of an enigmatic new scorpion species of the genus Tityus (Buthidae) from the biogeographic island of Paraje Tres Cerros (Argentina)

Andres Alejandro Ojanguren Affilastro (2017, [Artículo])

Tityus curupi n. sp., belonging to the bolivianus complex, is described from the biogeographically distinct area of Paraje Tres Cerros in north-eastern Argentina. We also present a molecular species delimitation analysis between Tityus curupi n. sp. and its sister species Tityus uruguayensis Borelli 1901 to confirm species integrity. Furthermore, a cytogenetic analysis is presented for these two species which contain different multivalent associations in meiosis, as a consequence of chromosome rearrangements, and the highest chromosome numbers in the genus. © 2017 Ojanguren-Affilastro et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Argentina, chromosome analysis, chromosome rearrangement, genus, human, meiosis, sister, species, anatomy and histology, animal, Argentina, chemistry, chromosome, classification, ecosystem, fluorescence in situ hybridization, genetics, geography, isl BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA DE INSECTOS (ENTOMOLOGÍA) BIOLOGÍA DE INSECTOS (ENTOMOLOGÍA)

Factores determinantes en la estructuración de la comunidad de murciélagos en la Sierra de Omoa, Honduras

ALEX EMILIO VALLEJO HAM (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL