Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and severe male reproductive organ impairment (Germinal Epithelial Loss): Study on a mouse model and on human patients

URIEL ALEJANDRO LOPEZ LEMUS RAQUEL GARZA GUAJARDO ORALIA BARBOZA QUINTANA ALEJANDRINA RODRIGUEZ HERNANDEZ José Guzmán Esquivel ALEJANDRO GARCÍA RIVERA VIOLETA M. MADRIGAL PÉREZ LAURA ELVIRA GARCÍA LABASTIDA ALEJANDRO DAVID SORIANO HERNANDEZ MARGARITA DE LA LUZ MARTINEZ FIERRO IRAM PABLO RODRIGUEZ SANCHEZ ELIZABETH SANCHEZ DUARTE ARIANA CABRERA LICONA GABRIEL CEJA ESPIRITU IVAN DELGADO ENCISO (2018, [Artículo])

Metabolic syndrome (MS) has been associated with testicular damage. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystemic disease that affects different organs, but its effect on the testes is unknown. A study analyzing germ cell involvement on BALB/c mice was carried out. A parallel comparative study was conducted that investigated alterations in the germinal epithelium of male humans that died from an unrelated acute event. The complete medical histories and histologic samples of the thoracic aorta, liver tissue, and testicular tissue from the deceased subjects were collected. The degree of germinal epithelial loss (DGEL) was evaluated and the clinical and histologic data were compared between individuals with and without NAFLD. The only metabolic or morphologic variable that caused a significant difference in the DGEL, in both the animal model and humans, was the presence of liver steatosis. The percentage of steatosis was also correlated with the percentage of the DGEL. In humans, steatosis (greater than 20%) increased the risk 12-fold for presenting with a severe DGEL (OR: 12.5; 95% CI [1.2, 128.9]; p = .03). There was no association with age above 50 years or MS components. Steatosis grade was also correlated with atherosclerosis grade. NAFLD was a strongly associated factor implicated in severe DGEL, as well as the testis was identified as a probable target organ for damage caused by the disease. his finding could result in the search for new approach strategies in the management of men with fertility problems. Further studies are required to confirm these results.

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD Germ cells Atherosclerosis Testis Metabolic syndrome

Validación del potencial antioxidante de citrus aurantium en Tabasco, México

Validation of the antioxidant potential of citrus aurantium in Tabasco, Mexico

CLAUDINA VILLARREAL MARIA TERESA CADENAS GONZALEZ Francisca Méndez Morales GLORIA IVETTE BOLIO LÓPEZ Manuel Mateo Hernández Villegas Nidia Elena Rivera DAMIANYS ALMENARES LOPEZ Catalina Rivas Morales (2023, [Artículo])

Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae), comúnmente conocida como naranja amarga, posee múltiples potenciales terapéuticos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo experimental con el objetivo de conocer las características del consumo de C. aurantium (CA) en población tabasqueña. Para validar su uso, se preparó un extracto etanólico (85 %) de las hojas secas de CA y se realizó el tamizaje fitoquímico, con posterior cuantificación del contenido de fenoles y flavonoides totales. Posteriormente se determinó actividad antioxidante por el ensayo DPPH y toxicidad aguda con Artemia Salina. Las partes más empleadas de la planta son las hojas para aliviar dolores musculares, síntomas de resfriados. En el estudio fitoquímico se encontraron que el extracto contiene alcaloides, flavonoides, cumarinas, quinonas y taninos. En la cromatografía de capa fina del extracto hidroalcohólico se demostró la presencia de la naringina. Se obtuvo un contenido de fenoles totales de 69.42 ± 3.47 EAG/g MS y de flavonoides totales de 14.78 ± 0.28 EQ/g MS. Contiene actividad antioxidante de 9240 ± nmol TEAC/gMS y el ensayo de toxicidad aguda demostró una toxicidad moderada. Los resultados evidencian que el extracto etanólico al 85 % contiene compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides, permitiendo sostener las propiedades medicinales y farmacológicas conferidas a la planta en el estado de Tabasco.

Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, has multiple therapeutic potentials. An experimental qualitative study was carried out with the objective of knowing the characteristics of the consumption of C. aurantium (CA) in the Tabasco population. To validate its use, an ethanolic extract (85 %) was prepared from the dry CA leaves and phytochemical screening was performed, with subsequent quantification of the content of total phenols and flavonoids. Subsequently, antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH assay and acute toxicity with Artemia salina. The most used parts of the plant are the leaves to relieve muscle pain, cold symptoms. In the phytochemical study it was found that the extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, quinones and tannins. In the thin layer chromatography of the hydroalcoholic extract, the presence of naringin was demonstrated. A total phenol content of 69.42 ± 3.47 EAG/g DM and total flavonoids of 14.78 ± 0.28 EQ/g DM were obtained. It contains antioxidant activity of 9240 ± nmol TEAC/gMS and the acute toxicity test showed moderate toxicity. The results show that the 85% ethanolic extract contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids, allowing to sustain the medicinal and pharmacological properties conferred to the plant in the state of Tabasco.Conclusions: this study showed the existence of phenols and flavonoids, the antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from C. aurantium leaves and their moderate toxicity against Artemia salina.

Conflicto de interés: Los autores declaran que no existe ningún conflicto de intereses.

Contribución por autor: DAL: diseño, escritura y revisión del documento, MTCG, MMHV, GIBL, NERL, FMM, ECVI, CRM: asesoría, escritura y revisión del documento.

Financiación o fondos: El presente estudio no conto con ningún apoyo financiero, todo fue con recurso propio de los investigadores.

Conflicto de interés: Los autores declaran que no existe ningún conflicto de intereses.

Contribución por autor: DAL: diseño, escritura y revisión del documento, MTCG, MMHV, GIBL, NERL, FMM, ECVI, CRM: asesoría, escritura y revisión del documento.

Financiación o fondos: El presente estudio no conto con ningún apoyo financiero, todo fue con recurso propio de los investigadores.

Citrus aurantium Antioxidante Fenoles Flavonoides Toxicidad aguda Citrus aurantium Antioxidant Phenol Flavonoids Acute toxicity INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS OTRAS OTRAS

Chronic toxicity of shrimp feed added with silver nanoparticles (Argovit-4®) in Litopenaeus vannamei and immune response to white spot syndrome virus infection

Carlos Rosendo Romo Quiñonez Píndaro Álvarez Ruiz CLAUDIO HUMBERTO MEJIA RUIZ NINA BOGDANCHIKOVA Alexey Pestryakov CARINA GAMEZ JIMENEZ WENCESLAO VALENZUELA QUIÑONEZ Magnolia Montoya Mejía EUSEBIO NAVA PEREZ (2022, [Artículo])

"In recent years, the application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as antibacterial compounds has been widely used in human and veterinary medicine. In this work, we investigated the effects of AgNPs (Argovit-4 R ) as feed additives (feed-AgNPs) on shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) using three different methods: 1) chronic toxicity after 28 days of feeding, 2) Effects against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenged by oral route, and 3) transcriptional responses of immune-related genes (PAP, ProPO, CTL-3, Crustin, PEN3, and PEN4) following WSSV infection. The results showed that the feed-AgNPs did not interfere with the growth and survival of shrimp. Also, mild lesions in the hepatopancreas were recorded, proportional to the frequency of the feed-AgNP supply. Challenge test versus WSSV showed that feeding every 7 days with feed-AgNPs reduced mortality, reaching a survival rate of 53%, compared to the survival rates observed in groups fed every 4 days, daily and control groups of feed-AgNPs for the 30%, 10%, and 7% groups, respectively. Feed-AgNPs negatively regulated the expression of PAP, ProPO, and Crustin genes after 28 days of treatment and altered the transcriptional responses of PAP, ProPO, CTL-3, and Crustin after WSSV exposure. The results showed that weekly feeding-AgNPs could partially prevent WSSV infection in shrimp culture. However, whether or not transcriptional responses against pathogens are advantageous remains to be elucidated."

Silver nanoparticles, Shrimp, Aquaculture, Chronic toxicity, WSSV, AgNP, Argovit, Litopenaeus vannamei , Silver fed, White spot syndrome virus BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA INMUNOLOGÍA INMUNIZACIÓN INMUNIZACIÓN